Treatment of Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysms with Flow-Diverter Stents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The safety and efficacy of flow-diversion treatment of MCA aneurysms have not been well-established.

Purpose: Our aim was to evaluate angiographic and clinical outcomes after flow diversions for MCA aneurysms.

Data Sources: A systematic search of PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase was performed for studies published from 2008 to May 2017.

Xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group F: A rare cause of cerebellar ataxia with chorea.

The complementation group F of Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP-F) is rare in the Caucasian population, and usually devoid of neurological symptoms. We report two cases, both Caucasian, who exhibited progressive cerebellar ataxia, chorea, a mild subcortical frontal cognitive impairment, and in one case severe polyneuropathy. Brain MRI demonstrated cerebellar (2/2) and cortical (1/2) atrophy.

Maintenance therapy is associated with better long-term outcomes in adult patients with primary angiitis of the central nervous system.

Objective: We aimed to analyse the effect of maintenance therapy after induction on the outcomes of adult patients with primary angiitis of the CNS (PACNS).

Methods: We analysed long-term outcomes (relapse, survival and functional status) of patients enrolled in the French multicentre PACNS cohort who achieved remission after induction treatment and with ⩾12 months' follow-up, according to whether or not they received maintenance therapy. Good outcome was defined as relapse-free survival and good functional status (modified Rankin scale ⩽ 2) at last follow-up.

Cone-beam computed tomography in children with cochlear implants: The effect of electrode array position on ECAP.

Objectives: To assess the feasibility of using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in young children with cochlear implants (CIs) and study the effect of intracochlear position on electrophysiological and behavioral measurements.

Methods: A total of 40 children with either unilateral or bilateral cochlear implants were prospectively included in the study. Electrode placement and insertion angles were studied in 55 Cochlear implants (16 straight arrays and 39 perimodiolar arrays), using either CBCT or X-ray imaging.

Mini-Exome Coupled to Read-Depth Based Copy Number Variation Analysis in Patients with Inherited Ataxias.

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has an established diagnostic value for inherited ataxia. However, the need of a rigorous process of analysis and validation remains challenging. Moreover, copy number variations (CNV) or dynamic expansions of repeated sequence are classically considered not adequately detected by exome sequencing technique.

Are migraine and non-migrainous headache risk factors for stroke in the elderly? Findings from a 12-year cohort follow-up.

Background And Purpose: There is evidence that migraine is a risk factor for stroke but little is known about this association in elderly people. Furthermore, non-migrainous headache (NMH) has received little attention despite being the most frequently reported type of headache. Late-life migraine and NMH were examined as candidate risk factors for stroke in a community-dwelling elderly sample over a 12-year follow-up.

Atypical presentations of sinonasal inverted papilloma: Surgical management and influence on the recurrence rate.

Background: Sinonasal inverted papilloma (SNIP), classically, is a unilateral benign tumor of the nasal lateral wall. Numerous variations have been observed, depending on location, bilateral presentation, or association with nasal polyposis.

Objective: The aim of this work was to describe atypical presentations of SNIPs with their management specificities and to assess their influence on the recurrence rate in a large case series.

Prevention of trauma-induced cochlear fibrosis using intracochlear application of anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative drugs.

Cochlear fibrosis is a common finding following cochlear implantation. Evidence suggests that cochlear fibrosis could be triggered by inflammation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal cell transition (EMT). In this study, we investigate the mechanisms of cochlear fibrosis and the risk/benefit ratio of local administration of the anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone (DEX) and antimitotic drug aracytine (Ara-C).

Palmomental Reflex a Relevant Sign in Early Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis?

Background: Sophisticated and expensive biomarkers are proposed for the diagnostic of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The amyloid process seems to be early in AD, and brain amyloid load affects the frontal lobe.

Objective: To determine if certain simple clinical signs, especially frontal-related signs, could help reach an earlier and better diagnosis.

Endovascular management of a carotid aneurysm into the sphenoid sinus presenting with epistaxis.

Non-traumatic cavernous internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysms are rare, and favour the occurrence of massive recurrent epistaxis, which is associated with a high mortality rate. We report the case of a 67-year-old woman presenting a ruptured ICA aneurysm extending into the sphenoid sinus, revealed by epistaxis. Selective coil embolization of the aneurysm was performed.

Cultured Cells from the Human Oocyte Cumulus Niche Are Efficient Feeders to Propagate Pluripotent Stem Cells.

Pluripotency is at the crossroads of stem cell research and biology of reproduction. The mature metaphase II oocyte contains the key factors for pluripotency induction and maintenance as assessed by its capacity to reprogram somatic nuclei. The cumulus cells (CCs) niche that surrounds the oocyte is crucial for its maturation and presumably for the oocyte to acquire its competence to confer pluripotency.

How to optimize the use of biobanks from population-based cohorts in aging research.

In epidemiological cohorts, there is an increased interest for the implementation of biobanks. The potential role of biological determinants of diseases needs to be investigated before the onset of the event of interest in order to limit the problems encountered when examining biological determinants in classical case-control studies. Biobank is now a very sophisticated system that consists of a programmed storage of biological material and related data.

Cerebral Iron Accumulation Is Not a Major Feature of /SPG35.

Mutations in the fatty-acid 2-hydroxylase () gene cause an autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia (SPG35), often associating with cerebellar ataxia; cerebral MRI may show iron accumulation in the basal ganglia, leading to the inclusion of SPG35 among the causes of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation. This finding was initially considered strongly relevant for diagnosis, although its frequency is not yet established. We found 5 novel patients (from two families) with mutations in the gene: none of them showed cerebral iron accumulation (T2-weighted images performed in all; T2 gradient-echo in 2); notably, in 1 case, iron accumulation was absent even after 18 years from disease onset on both T2 gradient-echo and susceptibility-weight MRI sequences.

Searching for a link between the L-BMAA neurotoxin and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a study protocol of the French BMAALS programme.

Introduction: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common motor neurone disease. It occurs in two forms: (1) familial cases, for which several genes have been identified and (2) sporadic cases, for which various hypotheses have been formulated. Notably, the β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (L-BMAA) toxin has been postulated to be involved in the occurrence of sporadic ALS.

Redistribution of PDGFRβ cells and NG2DsRed pericytes at the cerebrovasculature after status epilepticus.

Purpose: The role of cerebrovascular dysfunction in seizure disorders is recognized. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage in epilepsy has been linked to endothelial and glial pathophysiological changes. Little is known about the involvement of pericytes, a cell type that contributes to BBB function.

Refining the audiological assessment in children using narrow-band CE-Chirp-evoked auditory steady state responses.

Objective: To demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of simultaneous binaural recording of auditory steady-state responses (ASSR) in young children using narrow-band CE-Chirps as stimuli.

Design: Prospective cohort study comparing ASSR thresholds to four frequency stimuli (0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz), with click-evoked auditory brainstem responses (ABR) and behavioral response audiometry.

Flow diversion versus traditional endovascular coiling therapy: design of the prospective LARGE aneurysm randomized trial.

Background And Purpose: The goal of aneurysm treatment is occlusion of an aneurysm without morbidity or mortality. Using well-established, traditional endovascular techniques, this is generally achievable with a high level of safety and efficacy. These techniques involve either constructive treatment of the aneurysm (coils with or without an intravascular stent) or deconstruction (coil occlusion) of the aneurysm and the parent artery.

Prediction of the age at onset in spinocerebellar ataxia type 1, 2, 3 and 6.

Background: The most common spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA)--SCA1, SCA2, SCA3, and SCA6--are caused by (CAG)n repeat expansion. While the number of repeats of the coding (CAG)n expansions is correlated with the age at onset, there are no appropriate models that include both affected and preclinical carriers allowing for the prediction of age at onset.

Methods: We combined data from two major European cohorts of SCA1, SCA2, SCA3, and SCA6 mutation carriers: 1187 affected individuals from the EUROSCA registry and 123 preclinical individuals from the RISCA cohort.

Bioactive versus bare platinum coils in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms: the MAPS (Matrix and Platinum Science) trial.

Background And Purpose: The ability of polymer-modified coils to promote stable aneurysm occlusion after endovascular treatment is not well-documented. Angiographic aneurysm recurrence is widely used as a surrogate for treatment failure, but studies documenting the correlation of angiographic recurrence with clinical failure are limited. This trial compares the effectiveness of Matrix(2) polyglycolic/polylactic acid biopolymer-modified coils with bare metal coils and correlates the angiographic findings with clinical failure (ie, target aneurysm recurrence), a composite end point that includes any incident of posttreatment aneurysm rupture, retreatment, or unexplained death.

Oncological patterns of care and outcome for 952 patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma in 2004.

This report, an audit requested by the French government, describes oncological patterns of care, prognostic factors, and survival for patients with newly diagnosed and histologically confirmed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) in France. The French Brain Tumor DataBase, which is a national multidisciplinary (neurosurgeons, neuropathologists, radiotherapists, neurooncologists, epidemiologists, and biostatisticians) network, prospectively collected initial data for the cases of GBM in 2004, and a specific data card was used to retrospectively collect data on the management and follow-up care of these patients between January 1, 2004, and December 1, 2006. We recorded 952 cases of GBM (male/female ratio 1.

Outcomes and complications of direct end-to-side facial-hypoglossal nerve anastomosis according to the modified May technique.

Object: The aim of this study was to address the efficiency and safety of direct end-to-side facial-hypoglossal nerve anastomosis for facial palsy rehabilitation.

Methods: The authors conducted a retrospective study of 12 consecutive procedures performed between December 2000 and February 2006. Facial palsies were caused by the surgical removal of tumors in the brainstem, cerebellopontine angle, or mastoid process.