Impact of Obefazimod on Viral Persistence, Inflammation, and Immune Activation in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy.

Background: Persistence of viral reservoirs has been observed in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), despite long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART), and likely contributes to chronic immune activation and inflammation. Obefazimod is a novel drug that inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication and reduces inflammation. Here we assess whether obefazimod is safe and might impact HIV-1 persistence, chronic immune activation, and inflammation in ART-suppressed people with HIV.

Disposition of Work-Related Asthma in a Spanish Asthma Cohort: Comparison of Asthma Severity Between Employed and Retired Workers.

Background: Exposure to certain agents in the workplace can trigger occupational asthma or work-exacerbated asthma, both of which come under the heading of work-related asthma (WRA). Understanding the burden that WRA represents can help in the management of these patients.

Objective: To assess the influence of occupation on asthma in real life and analyze the characteristics of patients with WRA included in an asthma cohort.

Low-risk HPLLs/ABC score patients with splenic marginal zone lymphoma can be safely managed without treatment: Results from a prospective Spanish study.

The aims of our study were to analyse compliance with the 2014 GELTAMO SMZL Guidelines, in patients with splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL), and to evaluate the outcome according to the HPLLs/ABC-adapted therapeutic strategy. Observational prospective multicenter study of 181 SMZL patients diagnosed between 2014 and 2020. Lymphoma-specific survival (LSS), composite event-free survival (CEFS) and response rates were assessed.

Results of the compassionate program of inotuzumab ozogamicin for adult patients with relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Spain.

Introduction: The prognosis of relapsed B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is poor and few patients can be successfully rescued with conventional therapies. Inotuzumab ozogamicin (IO), an antibody against the CD22 antigen linked to calicheamicin, has been approved as a rescue treatment in relapsed/refractory (R/R) B-ALL.

Patients And Methods: This was an observational, retrospective, multicenter study of adult patients included in the Spanish program of compassionate use of IO in centers from the PETHEMA group (Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología).

Methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive in pork industry workers, Catalonia, Spain.

Background: Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) especially ST398, is a zoonotic agent. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) and MRSA among workers in the pork production chain.

Methods: 659 workers associated with 123 pig farms, livestock transporters, one pig slaughterhouse, pork transporters and 23 pork butcheries were studied for recovery, and all isolates were characterized (antibiotic resistance, MLST and -typing).

Prehospital care process and hospital outcomes in stroke-code cases: comparison of basic and advance life support ambulance attendance.

Objectives: To study prehospital care process in relation to hospital outcomes in stroke-code cases first attended by 2 different levels of ambulance. To analyze factors associated with a satisfactory functional outcome at 3 months.

Material And Methods: Prospective multicenter observational cohort study.

Somatic and germline ATM variants in non-small-cell lung cancer: Therapeutic implications.

ATM is an apical kinase of the DNA damage response involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Germline ATM variants (gATM) have been associated with an increased risk of developing lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), and approximately 9% of LUAD tumors harbor somatic ATM mutations (sATM). Biallelic carriers of pathogenic gATM exhibit a plethora of immunological abnormalities, but few studies have evaluated the contribution of immune dysfunction to lung cancer susceptibility.

Pathophysiology of bone disease in chronic kidney disease: from basics to renal osteodystrophy and osteoporosis.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a highly prevalent disease that has become a public health problem. Progression of CKD is associated with serious complications, including the CKD-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD). Laboratory, bone and vascular abnormalities define this condition, and all have been independently related to cardiovascular disease and high mortality rates.

Safety and Efficacy of ApTOLL in Patients With Ischemic Stroke Undergoing Endovascular Treatment: A Phase 1/2 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: ApTOLL is a TLR4 antagonist with proven preclinical neuroprotective effect and a safe profile in healthy volunteers.

Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of ApTOLL in combination with endovascular treatment (EVT) for patients with ischemic stroke.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This phase 1b/2a, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study was conducted at 15 sites in Spain and France from 2020 to 2022.

Masseteric Nerve Ultrasound Identification for Dynamic Facial Reanimation Purposes.

Background: The masseteric nerve is one of the main options to neurotize free muscle flaps in irreversible long-term facial paralysis. Several preoperative skin-marking techniques for the masseteric nerve have been proposed to limit the surgical dissection area, shorten the surgical time, and enable a safer dissection. However, these have shown variability among them, and cannot visualize the nerve preoperatively.

Proteogenomic analysis of human cerebrospinal fluid identifies neurologically relevant regulation and informs causal proteins for Alzheimer's disease.

The integration of quantitative trait loci (QTL) with disease genome-wide association studies (GWAS) has proven successful at prioritizing candidate genes at disease-associated loci. QTL mapping has mainly been focused on multi-tissue expression QTL or plasma protein QTL (pQTL). Here we generated the largest-to-date cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pQTL atlas by analyzing 7,028 proteins in 3,107 samples.

Current heart failure disease management and treatment in accredited units from cardiology and internal medicine in Spain.

Background And Objectives: Heart failure (HF) is a complex disease with high prevalence, incidence and mortality rates leading to high healthcare burden. In Spain, there are multidisciplinary HF units coordinated by cardiology and internal medicine. Our objective is to describe its current organizational model and their adherence to the latest scientific recommendations.

Mortality and severe neurological morbidity in extremely preterm growth-restricted fetuses.

Objective: To develop a model for the prediction of adverse perinatal outcome in growth-restricted fetuses requiring delivery before 28 weeks in order to provide individualized patient counseling.

Methods: This was a retrospective multicenter cohort study of singleton pregnancies with antenatal suspicion of fetal growth restriction requiring delivery before 28 weeks' gestation between January 2010 and January 2020 in six tertiary public hospitals in the Barcelona area, Spain. Separate predictive models for mortality only and mortality or severe neurological morbidity were created using logistic regression from variables available antenatally.

Comparative analysis of CAR T-cell therapy access for DLBCL patients: associated challenges and solutions in the four largest EU countries.

Introduction: CAR T-cell therapy has emerged as a promising new immuno-oncology treatment that engages the patient's immune system to fight certain hematological malignancies, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). In the European Union (EU), CAR T-cell therapies have been approved for relapsed/refractory (R/R) DLBCL patients since 2018, but patient access is often still limited or delayed. This paper is aimed at discussing challenges to access and possible solutions in the largest four EU countries.

Noncardiovascular morbidity and mortality across left ventricular ejection fraction categories following hospitalization for heart failure.

Introduction And Objectives: Noncardiovascular events represent a significant proportion of the morbidity and mortality burden in patients with heart failure (HF). However, the risk of these events appears to differ by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) status. In this study, we sought to evaluate the risk of noncardiovascular death and recurrent noncardiovascular readmission by LVEF status following an admission for acute HF.

Results of haploidentical transplant in patients with donor-specific antibodies: a survey on behalf of the Spanish Group of Hematopoietic Transplant and Cell Therapy.

Background: Donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) are IgG allo-antibodies against mismatched donor HLA molecules and can cause graft failure (GF) in the setting of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT). Our aim was to report the experience of the Spanish Group of Hematopoietic Transplant (GETH-TC) in DSA-positive patients who had undergone haplo-HSCT.

Methods: We conducted a survey of patients who underwent haplo-HSCT in GETH-TC centers between 2012 and 2021.

A new protocol for improving immediate monitoring of skin-island free flap with near-infrared spectroscopy and ultrasound.

Background: Postoperative monitoring is essential for detecting early complications and improving the salvage rate of free flaps. We propose a new protocol for free flap monitoring based on the combination of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and ultrasound.

Methods: All free flaps with a skin paddle were included and divided into two groups according to the immediate postoperative monitoring method used: ultrasound examination (control group) or those monitored using our protocol (study group).

Cumulative Genetic Score and Repeat Status Independently Contribute to Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Risk in 2 Case-Control Studies.

Background And Objectives: Most patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) lack a monogenic mutation. This study evaluates ALS cumulative genetic risk in an independent Michigan and Spanish replication cohort using polygenic scores.

Methods: Participant samples from University of Michigan were genotyped and assayed for the chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 hexanucleotide expansion.

Disseminated tuberculosis and diagnosis delay during the COVID-19 era in a Western European country: a case series analysis.

Background: Disseminated tuberculosis is frequently associated with delayed diagnosis and a poorer prognosis.

Objectives: To describe case series of disseminated TB and diagnosis delay in a low TB burden country during the COVID-19 period.

Methodology: We consecutively included all patients with of disseminated TB reported from 2019 to 2021 in the reference hospital of the Northern Crown of the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona.