[Diagnostic and treatment of necrotizing cervical fascitis. Clinical course after a Ludwig angina].

The Ludwig angina is an infection of the base of the mouth and submandibular region, frecuently after a dental extraction or a piece in bad state. When it surpassees the milohioid muscle it extends dissecting the superficial aponeurotic planes, and can evolve to a necrotisant fascitis. We present the case of a 67 years old man with a painful tumefaction of the mouth base and submandibular region.

Total persistence of thyroglossal duct with direct communication between cyst and foramen caecum.

During embryonic development the thyroid gland migrates through the thyroglossal duct from the pharyngeal endoderm to the anterior cervical region. The final step in this process is the total obliteration of the thyroglossal duct. A case is presented of a patient with a thyroglossal cyst together with a complete failure of the obliteration of the duct, which caused regurgitations of mucopurulent material after the expression of the cyst.

[Significance and management of testicular microlithiasis].

Objectives: Testicular microlithiasis is an infrequent urologic diagnosis of non well-known etiology; it has been observed in patients with infertility, testicular atrophy, chromosomopathies, etc., and it had been considered as a benign non progressive disease for a long time. Recent reports have shown its occasional association with malignant tumors.

[Subjective satisfaction among patients with endoscopic surgery of paranasal sinuses].

The analysis of the subjective satisfaction degree in patients following endoscopic sinus surgery is a very important data to be studied in a ENT Hospital Departments. In a very high percentage of cases, the result was good or very good. No cases were reported as worse.

[Bladder carcinoma with osteoclast-type giant cells. A case with a rare presentation. Review of the literature].

We report a case of neoplasm of the urinary bladder with pseudosarcomatous stromal differentiation. Heterologous carcinosarcomas are extremely rare malignant neoplasms (seventy-eight cases have been previously described). This is a case of carcinoma containing numerous osteoclast type giant cells that stained for vinmentin and acid phosphatase and were negative for cytokeratin and lysozyme.

[Paraganglioma of the vagus. A case report and review of literature].

The vagal nerve paraganglioma is a rare tumor over all the head and neck tumours. It presents with a insidious clinic, appearing usually as a asymptomatic laterocervical mass of low growth pattern. We present a case of a 53 years old woman with a left of painless laterocervical mass that produced cough with the palpation.

[Subcutaneous autograft with newly synthesized cartilage using ethisorb polymer in rabbits].

We perform a subcutaneous autograft, in animals with preserved immunity (24 rabbits), of cartilage taken from the auricle, treated with tissue engineering thecnics and embeded in a reabsorbable polimer (Ethisorb) that acts as base. We observed a good quality cartilage with the expression of collagen type II and without graft rejection phenomenon.

[The expression of p53 and c-erb-2 in transitional cell carcinoma of the kidney pelvis and ureter and its relation to tumor progression and survival].

Objective: To evaluate P 53 and c-erb-2 overexpression as a prognostic factor for progression and survival in patients with renal pelvis and ureter tumors.

Methods: Retrospective review of the medical records and pathology/immunohistochemical reports of 61 patients who underwent surgery for upper urinary tract urothelial tumors. Immunohistochemical studies were performed using the STREPTAVIDIN-BIOTIN-PEROXIDASE techniques with a LASAB kit (DAKO).

Percutaneous endoscopy of an intracystic papilloma of the breast.

We present a new endoscopic procedure for the evaluation of intracystic papilloma of the breast. We suggest that the method is a potential alternative to open surgery.

[Personal and histopathological factors as prognostic variables in upper urothelial tumors undergoing surgery].

Objective: To analyze the influence of personal and histopathological factors as prognostic variables in the evolution of upper urothelial tumors submitted to radical surgery.

Methods: Multifactorial retrospective study of a series of 61 patients submitted to radical surgery for upper urinary tract transitional cell tumors. Patient habits and histopathological factors are analyzed.

[Hemorrhagic cystitis caused by BK and JC polyomavirus in patients treated with bone marrow transplantation: clinical features and urologic management].

Introduction: Differential diagnosis of hematuria after bone marrow transplantation (B.M.T.

[Pulmonary histiocytosis X. Report of a case and review of the literature].

Histiocytosis X or Langerhans cell histiocytosis is an infrequent disease, which consists on proliferation of Langerhans cells. The etiology is unknown. Diagnosis is reached by electron microscope study of the biopsy, in which the Birbeck intracytoplasmatic granules of the Langerhans cells are found and/or by immunohistochemistry procedures able to detect S-100 antigen and CD1 cells.

[Prostatic mucinous adenocarcinoma. Report of a new case and review of the literature].

Objective: To present an additional case of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland. The histochemical and immunohistochemical findings demonstrating its prostatic origin are presented and the literature is reviewed.

Methods/results: A 53-year-old male with no previous symptoms or signs presented for a prostatic examination.

[Acute ICU syndrome. Contributing factors and attitude of the nursing staff].

It is not uncommon for patients in intensive care units (ICUs) to suddenly and unexpectedly present what is known as acute ICU syndrome. This syndrome appears independently of the patient's situation and diagnosis. The aim of the present study was to determine the incidence of this nursing diagnosis in our department, to identify the possible environmental factors that could contribute to its appearance and to evaluate nursing interventions to resolve this syndrome in the ICU.

A multimodality approach to the diagnosis of breast hamartomas with atypical mammographic appearance.

The ultrasonographic appearance of breast hamartomas (BHs) is described and its diagnostic utility is discussed in this study of 27 women with mammographic findings both typical and atypical of BH. The role of computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of BH of atypical mammographic appearance is also analyzed. These 27 cases of BH were detected in women submitted to mammographic screening.

Electrical nerve stimulation in the management of enterocutaneous low-output fistulas: a report of two cases.

Two patients with low-output enterocutaneous fistulas after surgery were treated with electrical nerve stimulation (ENS). Ultrasonography was useful for the application of this treatment method and for the charting of its progress. Fistula output diminished rapidly in both cases, and the closure of the track was achieved after several sessions of ENS.

[Measurement of care time in patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted to a general ICU: evaluation and improvement].

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) requires early and safe nursing care, particularly with respect to initiating and following up thrombolytic treatment, the most effective therapy according to the literature. Time is decisive. Recommended door-to-needle time should not exceed 35 minutes (from patient's arrival to injection of the thrombolytic agent in the ICU).

[Development of a new topographic index of corneal regularity].

Purpose: To develop a new topographic index that quantifies corneal surface micro irregularities.

Methods: One hundred and fifty five eyes from 128 patients, with a mean age of 29,2 years were evaluated by corneal topography and divided into three groups. One group was composed of 50 eyes from patients with regular corneas, a second group included 45 eyes with corneal macro irregularities, and a third group included 60 eyes with corneal micro irregularities.

[Endoscopic surgery of nasopharyngeal angiofibroma by double embolization].

Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma is a source of controversy with respect to therapy because of the many therapeutic modalities that exist, such as classic surgical techniques and newer techniques like nasal endoscopic surgery, which have emerged with the advent of new and better diagnostic techniques. Endoscopic surgery is less aggressive and produces less morbidity, but its use often depends on the size and extension of the tumor. A clinical case is presented with the subsequent diagnostic steps and surgical treatment.

Conservative treatment of large rectus sheath hematoma in patients undergoing anticoagulant therapy.

Background: The purpose of this study was to describe our experience in the conservative management of large rectus sheath hematoma (RSH) in patients undergoing anticoagulation therapy.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of the medical histories of 12 cases of RSH (11 female, one male; mean age = 67.6 years).

[Trigonocervicoprostatomy. Indications and results from 100 case reports].

Trigonocervicotomy is a barely invasive technique for the treatment of infravesical obstruction, first introduced in the 60's by Turner-Warkic and Orandi. To achieve good results with this procedure, the selection criteria must take into account a series of parameters such as age, sexual activity, PSA, prostate weight (below 30 grams) and others. In addition to its low morbidity, a larger percentage of patients preserve ejaculation than with the use of other techniques, also the neck sclerosis rate being lower as seen in all our series and expertise.

[Bilateral carotid chemodectoma on the external carotid arteries. A case report].

Tumors of the carotid body are rare neoplasms that arise from neuroectodermic tissues. They are located in the fork of the primitive carotid artery. They are benign, slow-growing, and asymptomatic, and predominate in women.

[The management of urinary candidiasis in cystectomized patients].

Presentation of eight cases of urinary candidiasis in patients who underwent radical cystectomy and were managed using by-pass of the urinary tract, oral antifungal therapy and solutions in the way of intermittent instillation through nephrostomy catheters.

[Management of the complications of ureterointestinal reimplantation in urinary diversion].

Objective: To analyze our experience in the management of complications of ureteroenteric reimplantation in patients undergoing urinary diversion by endourological techniques or open surgery, in order to identify a useful algorithm that takes the oncologic prognosis into account, as well as the probability of success.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 136 patients who had undergone urinary diversion from 1987-1998. Of these, 126 had transitional cell carcinoma, two had infiltrating carcinoma, two had a benign condition and 6 had undergone urinary diversion for patient comfort without cystectomy.