[Nutritional support and parenteral nutrition in the oncological patient: an expert group consensus report].

Background: Malnutrition is a frequent medical problem of cancer patients that negatively impacts their quality of life.

Objective: To analyze and respond to different issues related to the nutritional management of cancer patients in the clinical setting.

Methods: A multidisciplinary group of experts in Medical Oncology, Pharmacy, and Nutrition developed a list of topics related to the nutritional status of cancer patients, which were grouped into three blocks: Nutritional support; Parenteral nutrition (PN); and Home PN (HPN) in cancer patients.

[Fibrous hamartoma in childhood. A case description of large size and review of the literature].

Introduction: Fibrous hamartoma of infancy is a rare soft tissue tumour that usually appears before 2 years of age, typically in the upper extremities of male infants.

Case Report: We report the case of a 2 year old boy with a large and rapidly growing tumour in the upper extremity.

Comments: We describe the case, its differential diagnosis and the immunhistological characteristics, and we discuss the non-aggressive surgical treatment, based on the benign behaviour of this tumour.

Brain biopsy in the diagnosis of leptomeningeal involvement in stage I chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Leptomeningeal involvement of CLL is usually underdiagnosed as neurological symptoms are unspecific. It is important to carefully evaluate neurological status in these patients and consider this entity between the differential diagnosis of a neurological deterioration as adequate treatment improves the prognosis. Imaging techniques, analyses of cerebrospinal fluid, and brain biopsy are useful to establish a definitive diagnosis.

[Pleural cavity concerns].

Introduction: Persistent air leak (PAL) is a common problem. We asses our experience in the management of these patients.

Material And Methods: Retrospective review of patients with chest tubes after bronchopulmonary pneumothorax (due to lung resections, spontaneous pneumothorax, necrotizing pneumonia) from 2010 to 2015.

Usefulness of Hospital at Home in nosocomial infections: advantages and limitations.

Hospital at Home units allows ambulatory treatment and monitoring of complex and serious infections. Nosocomial infections produce an extension of the stay in hospital often specifying long intravenous treatments without any effective oral alternatives. Daily dosing of antimicrobial are easier to administer at home.

[Spatial analysis of syphilis and gonorrhea infections in a Public Health Service in Madrid].

Objective: Sexually transmitted diseases are a significant public health problem. Within the Madrid Autonomous Region, the districts with the highest syphilis and gonorrhea incidences are part of the same Public Health Service (Servicio de Salud Pública del Área 7, SSPA 7). The objective of this study was to identify, by spatial analysis, clusters of syphilis and gonorrhea infections in this SSPA in Madrid.

Endoscopically placed stents: a useful alternative for the management of refractory benign cervical esophageal stenosis.

Introduction: Benign esophageal strictures are relatively frequent and can severely affect the quality of life of a patient. Stenting has been proposed for the treatment of refractory cases. Lesions affecting the cervical esophagus are more difficult to treat, and the placement of stents in this location has traditionally been restricted due to potential adverse events.

[Polypharmacy and enteral nutrition in patients with complex chronic diseases].

Oral medications are often administered through enteral feeding tubes in patients with complex chronic diseases. It is important to consider possible interactions between drugs and enteral nutrition that might lead to unsuccessful treatment or tube occlusion. These patients become subjects for higher risk of problems and errors such as drug incompatibility with enteral nutrition and inappropriate dosage form selection.

[Laparoscopic treatment of retroperitoneal fibrosis.].

Retroperitoneal fibrosis is a disease that may condition a severe involvement of various organs, mainly upper urinary tract, even causing renal insufficiency. It was first described by Albarran in 1905 and it is also known as Ormonds disease. The correct diagnosis includes, in many cases, the performance of one or more tests: CT scan, MRI, renal scan, etc.

[Evaluation of testicular growth after varicocele treatment in early childhood and adolescence based on the technique used (Palomo, Ivanissevich and embolization)].

Objectives: To analyze, depending on the technique employed, recurrence, symptomatic improvement and testicular growth following treatment of testicular varicocele.

Material And Methods: Descriptive retrospective study of 69 pediatric and adolescent males diagnosed with varicocele treated in our center by open technique according Ivanissevich technique (IT), Palomo (PT) and percutaneous embolization (PE) between 2000-2014. Variables analyzed were age, symptoms, differential testicular volume (RV), employed technique, recurrence, symptomatic improvement and RV after treatment.

Therapeutic impact of colon capsule endoscopy with PillCam™ COLON 2 after incomplete standard colonoscopy: a Spanish multicenter study.

Introduction: Colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) is an alternative approach for the examination of the colon in patients who refuse colonoscopy or after incomplete colonoscopy (IC). We conducted a study to determine the frequency of complete colonoscopy after IC, the diagnostic yield of CCE, the therapeutic impact of lesions found in CCE, the level of colon cleanliness and the safety of the procedure.

Methods: We performed a prospective, multicenter study involving ten Spanish hospitals.

Practical aspects of high resolution esophageal manometry.

High resolution esophageal manometry (HRM) is currently under development as can be seen in the various Chicago classifications. In order to standardize criteria in certain practical aspects with limited scientific evidence, the First National Meeting for Consensus in High Resolution Manometry of the Spanish Digestive Motility Group took place, bringing together a wide group of experts. The proposals were based on a prior survey composed of 47 questions, an exhaustive review of the available literature and the experience of the participants.

[Isolated bilateral macrostomia: case report and literature review].

Introduction: The macrostomia is a facial abnormality also called transverse facial cleft or Tessier cleft number 7. Macrostomia is a rare condition with an incidence from 1/80,000 to 1/300,000 live births. The left commisure is more commonly affected.

[Periorbital lymphatic malformations: Report of two cases].

Introduction: Periorbital lymphatic malformations are a rare entity in which diagnosis and treatment could be a challenge for surgeons. Management may be conservative, or they can be treated by sclerotherapy, surgery or combination of both.

Clinical Observation: We present two cases of periorbital lymphatic malformations treated by sclerotherapy (OK-432 or bleomycin) and surgery in which we achieve good results with minimum morbidity.

[Preaxial polydactyly of the hand: 15 years of experience].

Introduction: Preaxial polydactyly is one of the most common congenital malformations of the hand. The treatment is surgical and should be done early, between 6 and 12 months old. The purpose of this paper is to review our experience in terms of casuistry, treatment and functional and aesthetic results of duplicity of thumb, since 2000 until today.

[Fast track protocol for children undergoing appendicectomy].

Background: Multiple approaches to the treatment of simple and complicated (gangrenous or perforated) appendicitis in children have been promoted. Our goal is to develop a new protocol for these patients that allows shorter hospital stays without increasing complications rates.

Methods: Prospective collected data of patients undergoing appendicitis treated according to the new protocol for a period of 7 months were reviewed.

Structural brain connectivity and cognitive ability differences: A multivariate distance matrix regression analysis.

Neuroimaging research involves analyses of huge amounts of biological data that might or might not be related with cognition. This relationship is usually approached using univariate methods, and, therefore, correction methods are mandatory for reducing false positives. Nevertheless, the probability of false negatives is also increased.

[Role of fermented beverages in the maintenance of weight loss].

Obesity is a very prevalent disease with multiple chronic complications that decrease or disappear after a small (5-10%) but maintained weight loss. Nevertheless, maintaining weight loss after the treatment is very difficult and it involves one of the biggest challenges to control this epidemic. Although the reasons that contribute to regain the lost weight are diverse and related to the biological response to caloric restriction and the lack of adherence to treatment, up to 20% of the patients are able to keep it off.

[Not Available].

La deficiencia de vitamina A es infrecuente en los países desarrollados. La cirugía bariátrica constituye un factor de riesgo de deficiencia de esta vitamina. Se han descrito varios casos en pacientes sometidos a técnicas con un importante componente malabsortivo, como la derivación biliopancreática.