[History of child abuse among patients with bipolar disorders].

Background: A history of child abuse is common and has a significant impact in the clinical course of patients diagnosed with bipolar disorders (BD).

Aims: To assess the frequency of child abuse experiences in patients BD type I and to evaluate its association with clinical course and cognitive functioning variables.

Material And Methods: 117 patients with BD aged 45 ± 14 years (66% women) answered the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ).

Future Challenges of Multimodality Imaging.

During the last decade, positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) have procured advances in research and clinical application of fusion imaging. The recent introduction of digital PET/CT opens new horizons for multimodality molecular imaging. This system offers more precise, simultaneous morphologic, functional, and molecular information of a living system.

Randomized Controlled Trial of Nonsynchronized Nasal Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation versus Nasal CPAP after Extubation of VLBW Infants.

Background And Objectives: Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) is a useful method of respiratory support after extubation. However, some infants fail despite CPAP use and require reintubation. Some evidence suggests that synchronized nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) may decrease extubation failure in preterm infants.

[Arteria coronaria única y cardiopatía coronaria: origen anómalo de la arteria coronaria derecha desde la descendente anterior. Casos clínicosAnomalous origin of the right coronary artery in the middle third of the anterior descending artery. Report of two cases].

The anomalous origin of the coronary arteries is uncommon and the origin of the right coronary artery from the middle third of the anterior descending artery is a finding of extreme rarity. We report two patients with coronary atherosclerotic disease and with an acute coronary syndrome, in whom a single left coronary artery was found. The clinical and angiographic characteristics and the treatment of these patients are described.

[Response rates to first-line treatment in eligible patients to autologous stem transplantation in Chile].

Background The treatment of choice of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) is an induction with proteasome inhibitors followed autologous stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Since 2013, the treatment of these patients in the public system is based on CTD (cyclophosphamide, thalidomide, and dexamethasone). Aim To evaluate the response rates achieved with CTD, and the results of HSCT in patients with NDMM in the public setting.

[Hospital mortality and long-term survival of 103 patients with infective endocarditis requiring surgery].

Background Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious disease with high mortality, especially among the most severe cases undergoing surgery. Aim To analyze the clinical features, perioperative mortality and long-term survival of patients with infective endocarditis requiring surgery. Material and Methods Review of medical records of patients who underwent heart valve surgery for active infective endocarditis in a public hospital between 1995 and 2008.

Baveno VI and Expanded Baveno VI criteria successfully predicts the absence of high-risk gastro-oesophageal varices in a Chilean cohort.

Background: Baveno VI and expanded Baveno VI criteria have been recommended to circumvent the need for endoscopy screening in patients with a very low probability of varices needing treatment (VNT).

Aim: To validate these criteria in a Latin American population.

Methods: The ability of Baveno VI criteria (liver stiffness measurement (LSM) <20 kPa and platelet count >150 × 103/μL) and expanded Baveno VI criteria (LSM < 25kPa and platelet count >110 × 103/μL) to exclude the presence of VNT was tested in a prospectively recruited cohort of patients with Child-Pugh A liver cirrhosis and with no previous variceal haemorrhage who attended the liver clinics of three major hospitals in Chile.

[Not Available].

The anomalous origin of the coronary arteries is uncommon and the origin of the right coronary artery from the middle third of the anterior descending artery is a finding of extreme rarity. We report two patients with coronary atherosclerotic disease and with an acute coronary syndrome, in whom a single left coronary artery was found. The clinical and angiographic characteristics and the treatment of these patients are described.

[Triple expressor lymphoma in a kidney transplant patient].

Patients transplanted from solid organs have an increased risk of cancer, especially lymphomas. Lymphomas correspond to 4 to 5% of malignant neoplasms in the general population and in solid organ transplant patients it reaches an incidence of 21%. The incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphomas is 10 times higher than in the non-transplanted population.

[Hemoptysis as the initial manifestation of Behçet's disease. Report of two cases].

Arterial involvement in Behçet's disease (BD) is less common than venous lesions. The most commonly affected arteries are: the aorta, lower extremity arteries, mesenteric, femoral, coronary, renal, subclavian and pulmonary arteries. The rupture of pulmonary arteries is the main cause of death of patients with EB and the presence of aneurysms is a bad prognostic factor.

[Lactococcus garvieae endocarditis in a patient undergoing chronic hemodialysis. First case report in Chile and review of the literature].

Reports of Lactococcus garvieae infections in humans are scarce, and only one of them in a patient under-going hemodialysis. We report the first case of Lactococcus garvieae infection in Chile, presenting as an infective endocarditis, ultimately fatal, in a patient with uncomplicated colonic diverticulosis and end stage renal failure undergoing chronic hemodialysis. We review the published cases and discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with this new, increasingly diagnosed pathogen, capable of producing serious infections in susceptible patients.

[Treatment of hyperthyroidism with radioiodine during hemodialysis: Report of one case].

Although radioiodine (131-I) can be used as treatment of hyperthyroidism for patients in hemodialysis, its use is limited and the experience is mainly related to differentiated thyroid carcinoma. We report a 58 years old female on hemodialysis with recurrent hyperthyroidism after propylthiouracil treatment. She was successfully treated with 131-I and four months after the intervention her euthyroid state was confirmed.

[Microvillous inclusion disease as a cause of severe congenital diarrhea. Case report].

Unlabelled: Congenital diarrheas correspond to a severe and low frequency digestive disease, with a high mortality. They start a few days or months after birth, leading to intestinal insufficiency and dependence on parenteral nutrition. It must be highly suspected in newborns or infants with diarrhea and severe electrolyte disorders.

M. tuberculosis DNA detection in nasopharyngeal mucosa can precede tuberculosis development in contacts.

Background: The nasopharynx is a known gateway for some mycobacterial species such as Mycobacterium bovis and M. leprae. M.

[VITAMIN D AND ITS RELATION WITH THE ANATOMICAL LOCATION OF HIP FRACTURE IN CHILEAN OLDER ADULTS HOSPITALIZED].

Introduction: in older adults, deficit of Vitamin D and hip fractures are common. There exists relationships between both conditions, and it have been shown that supplementation of Vitamin D improve prognosis of hip fractures. In the case of Chile, information about relationship between Vitamin D and hip fractures is scarce.

Long-term survival with a stentless free-hand Batista pericardial aortic valve prosthesis: A case report.

Introduction: Stented bovine pericardial prosthetic valves are a good option for older patients, except when there is a fragile small aortic annulus, when, if there is no contraindication to anticoagulation, a mechanical prosthesis may be indicated.

Presentation Of Case: We report a 72 year-old man who underwent coronary bypass grafting and aortic valve replacement with a stentless valve fashioned from bovine pericardium using the Batista technique. Despite early sternal infection and dehiscence, and renal and respiratory failure during 15 years follow-up, he remains alive and self-sufficient.

Intra- and extra-capsular hip fractures in the elderly: Two different pathologies?

Objectives: To compare intracapsular (IC) and extracapsular (EC) hip fractures (HIF) in elderly patients in order to determine if they are different pathologies.

Subjects And Methods: Longitudinal, observational, descriptive, analytical prospective design, using a non-probabilistic sample from a full sample collection with 647 subjects (male and female), of 60 or more years old, admitted with HIF to the Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology of the Hospital, between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2012. Follow-up was for 1 year post HIF.

[Hemolytic-uremic syndrome associated with gemcitabine use: report of one case].

Gemcitabine is a widely used drug in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer and other malignancies. It is generally well tolerated and exceptionally its use has been associated with hemolytic-uremic syndrome, causing acute kidney injury, hypertension, chronic renal failure requiring dialysis, and death. We report a 60-year-old man with pancreatic carcinoma and regional lymph node invasion, whom after four months of therapy with gemcitabine and after dose number 11, suddenly developed an acute nephritic syndrome with moderate renal impairment, associated with severe anemia (hemoglobin 6.

[Ministry of Health Intensive Care Medicine Commission: proposals for the development of the discipline].

Intensive care medicine in Chile is still in its dawn. It has experienced a progressive growth in the last decade, but continues to be weak. Although investments in the discipline have increased fivefold, there is still a severe deficiency of intensive care specialists.

[Outcome of renal transplantation in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease].

Background: Patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) have a better survival in chronic dialysis than patients with other etiologies of renal failure. It has been suggested that extra-renal manifestations of ADPKD may increase the odds of complications and mortality, if these patients are transplanted.

Aim: To determine whether survival and complications in transplanted patients with ADPKD are different from kidney graft recipients with other etiologies of renal failure.

Kidney transplantation during a twin pregnancy. Case report and review of the literature.

Kidney transplant in a pregnant woman is exceptional, with only six cases being reported. Pregnancy was not known at the time of the transplant in five of these cases. We report the case of a 26-year-old woman who was diagnosed as carrying a twin pregnancy 4 months after starting hemodialysis.

[Presence of metabolic syndrome among patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus].

Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MS) is related to insulin resistance and to type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) may also develop this condition.

Aim: To determine the prevalence of MS in patients with T1DM.