Comparison of Saccharin Time in Nursing Home Residents With and Without Pneumonia: A Preliminary Study.

Background/aim: Although mucociliary clearance is important for preventing pneumonia, its association with the onset of pneumonia is unclear. The aim of this study is to examine the association between saccharin test results as a potential measure of mucociliary clearance and history of pneumonia in nursing home residents.

Patients And Methods: Ninety elderly nursing home residents (elderly group) were selected, 35 of whom had a history of pneumonia.

Oral disorders in children with Prader-Willi syndrome: a case control study.

Introduction: Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder caused by the lack of expression of certain paternal genes located on chromosome 15q11-q13. This anomaly causes cognitive, neurological and endocrine abnormalities, among which one of the most important is hyperphagia. The aim of this study was to assess the oral health of children with PWA and to establish preventive criteria.

Management of maxillofacial trauma in the elderly: A European multicenter study.

Background/aims: Management of maxillofacial trauma in the geriatric population poses a great challenge due to anatomical variations and medical comorbidities. The aim of this study was to analyze the management variables, timing, and outcomes of facial fractures in elderly patients (aged 70 years or more) at several European departments of oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Materials And Methods: This study was based on a systematic computer-assisted database that allowed the recording of data from all geriatric patients with facial fractures from the involved maxillofacial surgical units across Europe between 2013 and 2017.

Increased levels of calprotectin in the saliva of patients with geographic tongue.

Objective: We investigated whether patients with geographic tongue have increased salivary levels of calprotectin and whether there is a correlation between the salivary levels of calprotectin and interleukin 8 (IL-8), which is another marker of inflammation.

Methods: Twenty-three patients diagnosed with geographic tongue and 32 control subjects without oral mucosal lesions were included in the study. The patients with geographic tongue were classified based on clinical appearance and number of oral lesions.

Follow-up of need for dental treatment in 126 patients who have received radiation treatment to the head and neck region.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the need for dental treatment, compliance with post-radiation prophylactic care and incidence of long-term complications following radiotherapy to the head and neck.

Methods: The study is a retrospective analysis of dental records of patients referred for oral examination before radiation treatment to the head and neck between 2006 and 2016. Data of dental status and need for dental treatment before radiation therapy were used as baseline information.

Oral health status in pediatric patients with cerebral palsy fed by oral versus enteral route.

Aims: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a chronic, nonprogressive disorder affecting movement, posture, and tone, caused by injuries in the central nervous system during the early stages of life. Patients with CP have swallowing disorders, which make oral feeding difficult and necessitate the use of external feeding devices. The objective of this research was to study the oral health status of pediatric patients affected with CP fed by either oral or enteral route.

Orthodontic and Surgical Considerations for Treating Impacted Teeth.

Impacted teeth occur in a significant number of patients. Their management requires coordinated efforts of orthodontists and oral and maxillofacial surgeons. Specifically, optimal results require a prompt orthodontic diagnosis and treatment plan with execution of either closed or open exposure of impacted teeth by the oral and maxillofacial surgeon.

Expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) in minor salivary glands and saliva.

Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize the baseline expression of tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) in minor salivary glands, gingiva and saliva from healthy individuals.

Design: Minor salivary gland and gingival tissues were used in the study for immunohistochemical staining. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the levels of TRAIL in unstimulated saliva and parotid saliva collected from non-smoking individuals.

Does Including Dexmedetomidine Improve Outcomes After Intravenous Sedation for Outpatient Dentoalveolar Surgery?

Purpose: Dexmedetomidine represents an intriguing adjunct to outpatient intravenous (IV) sedation owing to its decreased risk of respiratory depression. The purpose of the present study was to measure the incremental effect of incorporating dexmedetomidine (DXM) into an established IV sedation regimen compared with control IV sedation without the DXM infusion.

Materials And Methods: We designed a prospective, controlled trial in which American Society of Anesthesiologists Class 1 and 2 patients requiring both maxillary and mandibular dentoalveolar surgery would undergo 2 sedation appointments: 1 arch treated with surgery with control sedation (DXM-) using midazolam, fentanyl, and propofol as needed, and a second surgery on the opposite arch using the experimental sedation regimen (DXM+) of midazolam, fentanyl, and propofol, as needed, and a DXM infusion at 4 μg/kg/hr.

Epidemiology of maxillofacial trauma in the elderly: A European multicenter study.

Introduction: The progressive aging of European population seems to determine a change in the epidemiology, incidence and etiology of maxillofacial fractures with an increase in the frequency of old patients sustaining craniofacial trauma. The objective of the present study was to assess the demographic variables, causes, and patterns of facial fractures in elderly population (with 70 years or more).

Materials And Methods: The data from all geriatric patients (70 years or more) with facial fractures between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2017, were collected.

What is of interest in Endodontology? A bibliometric review of research published in the International Endodontic Journal and the Journal of Endodontics from 1980 to 2019.

Aim: To report the most common terminology used in titles of scientific papers published in the International Endodontic Journal (IEJ) and Journal of Endodontics (JOE) between 1980 and 2019 and to identify the most-cited papers in these journals.

Methodology: The Web of Science database was searched to retrieve all the manuscripts published in the IEJ and JOE between 1980 and 2019. The articles were analysed using the VOS viewer software and the terms within the titles extracted.

What characteristics do orthodontists desire in orthognathic surgeons?

Objective: The purpose of our study was to report and rank orthognathic surgeon characteristics as valued by referring orthodontists.

Study Design: This was a cross-sectional study surveying orthodontists registered with the American Academy of Orthodontists' Partners in Research program. Survey items gathered information on both orthodontist characteristics and perceptions across 9 surgeon characteristics.

Minimally Invasive Approach for Diagnosing TMJ Osteoarthritis.

This study's objectives were to test correlations among groups of biomarkers that are associated with condylar morphology and to apply artificial intelligence to test shape analysis features in a neural network (NN) to stage condylar morphology in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA). Seventeen TMJOA patients (39.9 ± 11.

The Healthcare Cost of Mandibular Nonunions.

The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to compare the costs and characteristics between isolated mandible fractures and mandibular nonunions. From October 2015 to December 2016, the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) was searched for patients admitted with a primary diagnosis of a mandible fracture. The sample was divided between those admitted for an initial evaluation of an isolated fracture and a fracture nonunion.

Uprighting an Impacted Permanent Mandibular First Molar Associated with a Dentigerous Cyst and a Missing Second Mandibular Molar-A Case Report.

The purpose of this paper is to present a case of an impacted mandibular first molar associated with a dentigerous cyst and a missing mandibular second molar in an 11-year-old girl that was treated with combined surgical and orthodontic procedures. After clinical and radiographic evaluation, marsupialization of the cyst was decided, and a molar attachment was bonded on the buccal side of the impacted molar as a part of a full orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. After 18 months of orthodontic traction, the molar was moved to a more advantageous position, and new bone apposition was observed on the site of the cystic lesion.

Relationship between acetaldehyde concentration in mouth air and characteristics of microbiota of tongue dorsum in Japanese healthy adults: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: Acetaldehyde, associated with consumption of alcoholic beverages, is known to be a carcinogen and to be related to the tongue dorsum. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between acetaldehyde concentration in mouth air and bacterial characteristics on the tongue dorsum.

Methodology: Thirty-nine healthy volunteers participated in the study.

CAD-CAM cobalt-chromium surgical template for static computer-aided implant surgery: A dental technique.

A digital process for designing and manufacturing a cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) surgical template for static computer-aided implant surgery (s-CAIS) is described. The use of Co-Cr provides the advantage of a material with improved mechanical properties to reduce the possibility of surgical template fracture during s-CAIS. The stronger material also allows for a thinner surgical template, which in turn allows better access when the interarch operative space is limited or a longer implant is inserted.

Cement shield membrane technique to minimize residual cement on implant crowns: A dental technique.

Residual cement around implant crowns can cause peri-implant disease, which can be minimized by precementing on a copy abutment. This article describes the use of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tape to allow an intraorally delivered custom or stock abutment to act similar to a copy abutment. It requires minimal change to the restorative dentist's routine and helps minimize the risk of cement-induced peri-implant disease.

Continuous Surgical Decompression for Solitary Bone Cyst of the Jaw in a Teenage Patient.

Background: A solitary bone cyst or simple bone cyst is a nonneoplastic osseous lesion, with no epithelial lining, also considered as a pseudocyst. These lesions, with an intact bony wall and fluid-filled, are frequently discovered by chance in radiological studies. The etiopathogenesis has not been studied in depth, and the management remains controversial.

Oral mucosal changes associated with primary diseases in other body systems.

Systemic diseases may manifest in the oral cavity. This chapter reviews the oral mucosal pathology in blood diseases, gastrohepatic diseases, kidney diseases, immunologic and connective tissue diseases, endocrine diseases, pulmonary diseases, nutritional deficiencies, dermatologic diseases, as well as cancer-associated oral mucosal conditions. The oral mucosa is one of the most commonly affected tissues and may present with unique clinical appearances.

Advancing the Safe Delivery of Office-Based Dental Anesthesia and Sedation: A Comprehensive and Critical Compendium.

The provision for and administration of dental office-based sedation and anesthesia requires considerations and preparations that are unique to dentistry and unlike that of any other office-based and nonoperating room procedures. Anesthesia providers who have only performed dental cases in an operating room are often unaware of the idiosyncrasies and risks associated with performing sedation and anesthesia in the dental office. This article explores the demographics, patient characteristics, morbidity, mortality, and clinical concerns with an in-depth discussion of the dental operating environment.

The use of crevicular fluid to assess markers of inflammation and angiogenesis, IL-17 and VEGF, in patients with solid tumors receiving zoledronic acid and/or bevacizumab.

Purpose: Crevicular fluid was used to assess interleukin-17 (IL-17) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in cancer patients receiving zoledronic acid and/or bevacizumab. The markers were also assessed in the serum.

Methods: Twenty-five patients were included and comprised three groups: patients who received zoledronic acid (n = 9), patients who received bevacizumab (n = 9), and patients who received zoledronic acid combined with bevacizumab (n = 5).