Osteoblast mechanoresponses on Ti with different surface topographies.

During implant healing, mechanical force is transmitted to osteogenic cells via implant surfaces with various topographies. This study tested a hypothesis that osteoblasts respond to mechanical stimulation differently on titanium with different surface topographies. Rat bone-marrow-derived osteoblastic cells were cultured on titanium disks with machined or acid-etched surfaces.

Increasing dental care utilization by Medicaid-eligible children: a dental care coordinator intervention.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a dental care coordinator intervention on increasing dental utilization by Medicaid-eligible children compared with a control group.

Methods: One hundred and thirty-six children enrolled in Medicaid aged 4 to 15 years at baseline in 2004 who had not had Medicaid claims for 2 years, were randomly assigned to intervention or control groups for 12 months. Children and caregivers in the intervention group received education, assistance in finding a dentist if the child did not have one, and assistance and support in scheduling and keeping dental appointments.

Oral microbial and respiratory status of persons with mental retardation/intellectual and developmental disability: an observational cohort study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of select microorganisms in oral biofilms and to investigate relationships between oral and respiratory status in persons with mental retardation/intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD).

Study Design: We conducted a 6-month-long observational cohort study with 63 persons with IDD. Oral examinations, oral sampling, and medical record reviews were performed at baseline and then monthly.

Oral health outcomes in an adult dental population: the impact of payment systems.

This study compared the effect of payment systems on recall visits and oral health outcomes for four patient payer groups. The authors reviewed recall audit data obtained over a 4-year period. Dental payer groups in the study population differed with respect to dental outcomes.

Full mouth restoration on dental implants utilizing titanium laser-welded frameworks.

Unlabelled: In today's dental literature, most frequently, esthetics are addressed with fixed restorations. This article will illustrate the opportunity to provide our patients with very good esthetic outcomes with a hopeless dentition utilizing dental implants, laser-welded titanium components, and characterized acrylic resin prostheses. The definitive prostheses provide excellent facial support, phonetics, esthetics, smile line, and function.

N-Acetyl cysteine (NAC) inhibits proliferation, collagen gene transcription, and redox stress in rat palatal mucosal cells.

Objectives: Control of hyperplastic and invasively growing gingival tissue is crucial for maintaining normal oral function and for successful bone regenerative therapy. We tested the hypothesis that materials containing N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), an antioxidant cysteine derivative, can control proliferation and function of oral mucosal cells.

Methods: Oral mucosal cells derived from the rat palatal tissue were cultured with or without NAC at different concentrations (2.

What influence do anticoagulants have on oral implant therapy? A systematic review.

Objectives: This systematic review aims to assess the risks (both thromboembolic and bleeding) of an oral anticoagulation therapy (OAT) patient undergoing implant therapy and to provide a management protocol to patients under OAT undergoing implant therapy.

Material And Methods: Medline, Cochrane Data Base of Systematic Reviews, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and EMBASE (from 1980 to December 2008) were searched for English-language articles published between 1966 and 2008. This search was completed by a hand research accessing the references cited in all identified publications.

What impact do systemically administrated bisphosphonates have on oral implant therapy? A systematic review.

Objectives: The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate, analysing the dental literature, whether: * Patients on intravenous (IV) or oral bisphosphonates (BPs) can receive oral implant therapy and what could be the risk of developing bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ)? * Osseointegrated implants could be affected by BP therapy.

Material And Methods: A Medline search was conducted and all publications fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria from 1966 until December 2008 were included in the review. Moreover, the Cochrane Data Base of Systematic Reviews, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and EMBASE (from 1980 to December 2008) were searched for English-language articles published between 1966 and 2008.

Age-dependent degradation of the protein adsorption capacity of titanium.

Reported bone-implant contact percentages are far below the ideal 100%. We tested a hypothesis that the protein adsorption capability of titanium, which is critical to the process of osseointegration, changes over time before its use. Machined, acid-etched, and sandblasted surfaces were prepared and stored under dark ambient conditions for 3 days, 1 week, or 4 weeks.

Oral cancer risk factors among Mexican American Hispanic adolescents in South Texas.

Purpose: Tobacco use and alcohol consumption have been identified as the major risk factors for oral and pharyngeal cancers. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of adolescent high schoolers in South Texas regarding the risk factors and signs for oral cancer and to examine their prevalence of cigarette smoking, use of smokeless tobacco and alcohol consumption.

Method: The sample population was drawn from the public school system in Brownsville, Texas.

Time-dependent degradation of titanium osteoconductivity: an implication of biological aging of implant materials.

The shelf life of implantable materials has rarely been addressed. We determined whether osteoconductivity of titanium is stable over time. Rat bone marrow-derived osteoblasts were cultured on new titanium disks (immediately after acid-etching), 3-day-old (stored after acid-etching for 3 days in dark ambient conditions), 2-week-old, and 4-week-old disks.

Cellular behavior on TiO2 nanonodular structures in a micro-to-nanoscale hierarchy model.

Biological tissues involve hierarchical organizations of structures and components. We created a micropit-and-nanonodule hybrid topography of TiO(2) by applying a recently reported nanonodular self-assembly technique on acid-etch-created micropit titanium surfaces. The size of the nanonodules was controllable by changing the assembly time.

Genetic variations associated with red hair color and fear of dental pain, anxiety regarding dental care and avoidance of dental care.

Background: Red hair color is caused by variants of the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) gene. People with naturally red hair are resistant to subcutaneous local anesthetics and, therefore, may experience increased anxiety regarding dental care. The authors tested the hypothesis that having natural red hair color, a MC1R gene variant or both could predict a patient's experiencing dental care-related anxiety and dental care avoidance.

Oral health and oral implant status in edentulous patients with implant-supported dental prostheses who are receiving long-term nursing care.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate oral health and oral implant status in a group of edentulous patients receiving long-term residential or nursing care (LTC), all of whom had implant-supported fixed or removable dental prostheses.

Material And Methods: A dental examination was performed on a total of 3310 patients receiving LTC and from this population 35 edentulous patients in whom dental implants had been placed formed the cohort for this study. All examinations were performed by a specialist in hospital dentistry and took place in the patients' own home environment.

The effect of UV-photofunctionalization on the time-related bioactivity of titanium and chromium-cobalt alloys.

This study examined the possible changes in the bioactivity of titanium surfaces during their aging and investigated the effect of ultraviolet (UV) light treatment during the age-related change of titanium bioactivity. Rat bone marrow-derived osteoblastic cells were cultured on new titanium disks (immediately after either acid-etching, machining, or sandblasting), 4-week-old disks (stored after processing for 4 weeks in dark ambient conditions), and 4-week-old disks treated with UVA (peak wavelength of 365 nm) or UVC (peak wavelength of 250 nm). During incubation for 24 h, only 50% of the cells were attached to the 4-week-old surfaces as compared to the new surface.

Chemodynamics underlying N-acetyl cysteine-mediated bone cement monomer detoxification.

Methyl methacrylate (MMA)-based bone cement monomer is cytotoxic. N-Acetyl cysteine (NAC), a cysteine derivative, may alleviate this toxicity by inactivating the monomer components with its sulfhydryl moiety. This study examined the chemical interaction dynamics between bone cement monomer and NAC resulting in detoxification of the monomer.

Ultraviolet light-mediated photofunctionalization of titanium to promote human mesenchymal stem cell migration, attachment, proliferation and differentiation.

Improving the osteoconductive potential of titanium implants has been of continuing interest in the fields of dentistry and orthopedic surgery. This study determined the bioactivity of ultraviolet (UV) light-treated titanium. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were cultured on acid-etched microtopographical titanium surfaces with and without 48h pretreatment with UVA (peak wavelength of 360n m) or UVC (peak wavelength of 250 nm).

Ultraviolet treatment overcomes time-related degrading bioactivity of titanium.

The shelf life of titanium implant products, that is, a possible time-related change of their bioactivity, has rarely been addressed. The objective of this study was to examine the bioactivity of newly processed and aged titanium surfaces and determine whether ultraviolet (UV) light treatment of the titanium surface restores the possible adverse effects of titanium aging. Titanium disks, either acid-etched or sandblasted, were used immediately after processing (fresh surface) or after storing in dark for 4 weeks (aged surface).

Management of naso-orbital-ethmoidal fractures.

Naso-orbital-ethmoidal fractures are arguably the most challenging fractures of the facial skeleton to restore properly. This article discusses their proper diagnosis, describes some of the controversies in their management, and makes recommendations regarding their proper treatment.

Detection of human papillomavirus in oral squamous cell carcinoma, leukoplakia and lichen planus in Thai patients.

Although tobacco, alcohol abuse and betel nut chewing habit are well recognized risk factors for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), there is evidence to indicate that human papillomavirus (HPV) may also play some inducing role. The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of HPV in Thai patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma, leukoplakia and lichen planus using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Biopsies of oral squamous cell carcinoma, leukoplakia and lichen planus were obtained from 65 patients, 15 males and 50 females, aged between 30- 88 years old.

The social solution-denture esthetics, phonetics, and function.

Tooth loss and rehabilitation with dentures can have tremendous patient impact and social implications. In an image-conscious society, dentures restore a sense of normalcy and allow the patient the ability to interact with others. The most frequent denture complaints include chewing discomfort and objectionable esthetics and phonetics.

Fractures of the growing mandible.

Oral and maxillofacial surgeons must constantly weigh the risks of surgical intervention for pediatric mandible fractures against the wonderful healing capacity of children. The majority of pediatric mandibular fractures can be managed with closed techniques using short periods of maxillomandibular fixation or training elastics alone. Generally, the use of plate- and screw-type internal fixation is reserved for difficult fractures.

N-acetyl cysteine prevents polymethyl methacrylate bone cement extract-induced cell death and functional suppression of rat primary osteoblasts.

This study examines the cytotoxicity of bone cement extract to osteoblasts and the potential detoxification and restoration of osteoblastic function by an antioxidant amino acid, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). The osteoblastic cells derived from rat femurs were cultured with extract from polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-based bone cement. The calcein and ethidium homodimer staining of the cells after 24-h incubation showed that 23.

N-Acetyl cysteine restores viability and function of rat odontoblast-like cells impaired by polymethylmethacrylate dental resin extract.

There is concern that dental-resin materials directly loaded on a prepared tooth adversely affect dental pulp tissue by releasing the resin chemicals through dentinal tubes. This study determined whether self-curing polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-based dental resin extract adversely affected the viability and function of odontoblast-like cells and whether the cytotoxicity of this resin, if any, could be eliminated by N-acetyl cysteine, an antioxidant amino acid derivative. Odontoblast-like cells isolated from rat maxillary incisor dental pulp tissue were exposed to a PMMA resin extract with or without N-acetyl cysteine for 1 h and then cultured in osteoblastic media.