Pneumopericardium, a Heart in a Trap.

The text discusses the case of a patient who experienced pneumopericardium because of a traumatic incident. It discusses pneumopericardium's causes, symptoms, and complications, including tamponade symptoms and imaging modalities, to confirm the diagnosis and assess complications. Present various treatment options emphasize the importance of ongoing monitoring and damage control principles.

Advancements in dementia research, diagnostics, and care in Latin America: Highlights from the 2023 Alzheimer's Association International conference satellite symposium in Mexico City.

Introduction: While Latin America (LatAm) is facing an increasing burden of dementia due to the rapid aging of the population, it remains underrepresented in dementia research, diagnostics, and care.

Methods: In 2023, the Alzheimer's Association hosted its eighth satellite symposium in Mexico, highlighting emerging dementia research, priorities, and challenges within LatAm.

Results: Significant initiatives in the region, including intracountry support, showcased their efforts in fostering national and international collaborations; genetic studies unveiled the unique genetic admixture in LatAm; researchers conducting emerging clinical trials discussed ongoing culturally specific interventions; and the urgent need to harmonize practices and studies, improve diagnosis and care, and use affordable biomarkers in the region was highlighted.

To be or not to B27 positive: implications for the phenotypes of axial spondyloarthritis outcomes. Data from a large multiracial cohort from the Brazilian Registry of Spondyloarthritis.

Background: There is a remarkable variability in the frequency of HLA-B27 positivity in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA), which may be associated with different clinical presentations worldwide. However, there is a lack of data considering ethnicity and sex on the evaluation of the main clinical and prognostic outcomes in mixed-race populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of HLA-B27 and its correlation with disease parameters in a large population of patients from the Brazilian Registry of Spondyloarthritis (RBE).

Patients hospitalized with active tuberculosis and Covid-19 coinfection: A matched case-control from the Brazilian Covid-19 Registry.

Although control of Covid-19 has improved, the virus continues to cause infections, such as tuberculosis, that is still endemic in many countries, representing a scenario of coinfection. To compare Covid-19 clinical manifestations and outcomes between patients with active tuberculosis infection and matched controls. This is a matched case-control study based on data from the Brazilian Covid-19 Registry, in hospitalized patients aged 18 or over with laboratory confirmed Covid-19 from March 1, 2020, to March 31, 2022.

Incidence and reasons for discontinuation of first-line therapy in patients with multiple myeloma: results from a historical cohort, Brazil 2009-2020.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematological cancer requiring multiple lines of anti-myeloma regimens to promote disease remission and increase patient survival. The study assessed the incidence and reasons for discontinuation of first-line therapy in outpatients who started MM therapy in Belo Horizonte, Brazil from 2009 to 2020. A historical cohort study in which patients were followed from treatment initiation until discontinuation of first-line therapy.

Mortality by avoidable causes in Brazil from 1990 to 2019: data from the Global Burden of Disease Study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyse the trends of avoidable mortality in Brazil from 1990 to 2019 and its correlation with sociodemographic indexes (SDIs).

Study Design: Epidemiological mortality trends.

Methods: This study analysed data from the Global Burden of Disease database.

Deployment of Point-of-Care Echocardiography to Improve Cardiac Diagnostic Access Among American Indians.

Background: American Indians face significant barriers to diagnosis and management of cardiovascular disease. We sought to develop a real-world implementation model for improving access to echocardiography within the Indian Health Service, the American Indian Structural Heart Disease Partnership.

Methods And Results: The American Indian Structural Heart Disease Partnership was implemented and evaluated via a 4-step process of characterizing the system where it would be instituted, building point-of-care echocardiography capacity, deploying active case finding for structural heart disease, and evaluating the approach from the perspective of the clinician and patient.

Outcomes of latent rheumatic heart disease: External validation of a simplified score in patients with and without secondary prophylaxis.

Background: Secondary antibiotic prophylaxis reduces progression of latent rheumatic heart disease (RHD) but not all children benefit. Improved risk stratification could refine recommendations following positive screening. We aimed to evaluate the performance of a previously developed echocardiographic risk score to predict mid-term outcomes among children with latent RHD.

Adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and Serum Urate Concentrations: A Longitudinal Analysis from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Background: Increased serum urate (SU) and hyperuricemia (HU) are associated with chronic noncommunicable diseases and mortality. SU concentrations are affected by several factors, including diet, and are expected to rise with age. We investigated whether the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet alter this trend.

Vagal dysautonomia in patients with Chagas disease and mortality: 14-year results of a population cohort of the elderly.

Introduction: Great part of Chagas disease (ChD) mortality occurs due to ventricular arrhythmias, and autonomic function (AF) may predict unfavorable outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the predictive value of AF indexes in ChD patients.

Methods: The Bambuí Study of Aging is a prospective cohort of residents ≥60 years at study onset (1997), in the southeastern Brazilian city of Bambuí (15,000 inhabitants).

Health-related quality of life and use of medication with anticholinergic activity in patients with multiple myeloma.

Purpose: Verify the association between anticholinergic burden and health-related quality of life of patients with multiple myeloma.

Methods: Cross-sectional study with multiple myeloma outpatient from a state capital city in southeastern Brazil. Sociodemographic, clinical, and pharmacotherapeutic variables were collected by interview.

Early triage echocardiography to predict outcomes in patients admitted with COVID-19: a multicenter study.

Introduction: Cardiac involvement seems to impact prognosis of COVID-19, especially in critically ill patients. We aimed to assess the prognostic value of right ventricular (RV) and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, evaluated by bedside triage echocardiography (echo), in patients admitted to emergency departments (ED) in the US with COVID-19. We also assessed the feasibility of using cloud imaging for sharing and interpreting echocardiograms.

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage: a literature review.

Neoplasms of the biliopancreatic confluence may present with obstruction of the bile tract, leading to jaundice, pruritus and cholangitis. In these cases drainage of the bile tract is imperative. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with placement of a choledochal prosthesis is an effective treatment in about 90% of cases, even in experienced hands.

Clinical and electrocardiographic outcomes evaluated by telemedicine of outpatients with clinical suspicion of COVID-19 treated with chloroquine compounds in Brazil.

Aims: To evaluate clinical and electrocardiographic outcomes of patients with COVID-19, comparing those using chloroquine compounds (chloroquine) to individuals without specific treatment.

Methods: Outpatients with suspected COVID-19 in Brazil who had at least one tele-electrocardiography (ECG) recorded in a telehealth system were enrolled in two arms (Group 1: chloroquine and Group 2: without specific treatment) and one registry (Group 3: other treatments). Outcomes were assessed through follow-up calls (phone contact, days 3 and 14) and linkage to national mortality and hospitalization databases.

Cardiovascular Statistics from the Good Practices in Cardiology Program - Data from a Brazilian Tertiary Public Hospital.

Background: The Good Practices in Cardiology Program is an initiative created by the Brazilian Society of Cardiology (SBC) to improve the quality of care of cardiovascular disease patients in Brazilian public hospitals.

Objectives: To characterize patients admitted to a tertiary public hospital with diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or heart failure (HF) and to evaluate performance indicators in both ACS and HF arms, with a pre-established target of 85% adherence to the SBC recommendations.

Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study through data collection of patients hospitalized between May 2016 and September 2019.

Reasons for disagreement between screening and standard echocardiography in primary care: data from the PROVAR + study : Disagreement between screening and standard echo.

We aimed to evaluate the reasons for disagreement between screening echocardiography (echo), acquired by nonexperts, and standard echo in the Brazilian primary care (PC). Over 20 months, 22 PC workers were trained on simplified handheld (GE VSCAN) echo protocols. Screening groups, consisting of patients aged 17-20, 35-40 and 60-65 years, and patients referred for clinical indications underwent focused echo.

Ultra-processed foods: Cross-sectional and longitudinal association with uric acid and hyperuricemia in ELSA-Brasil.

Background And Aims: Food intake influences uric acid (UA) levels and hyperuricemia (HU), but evidence on the role of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are scarce. The association between UPFs consumption and (1) HU prevalence and UA levels; (2) HU cumulative incidence; and (3) UA level change over a 4-year period was investigated.

Methods And Results: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were performed using baseline (2008-2010, aged 35-74 years) and second visit (2012-2014) data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Relationship between toilet training process and primary nocturnal enuresis in children and adolescents - A systematic review.

Introduction: Primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) affects the quality of life of children and families and may lead to low self-esteem and social isolation. The pathophysiology of enuresis is multifactorial. This systematic review aimed to investigate the relationship between toilet training (TT) and PNE in children and adolescents.

Accuracy of the short screening instrument for psychological problems (SSIPPE) in enuresis in the Identification of attention-deficit/ hyperactivity symptoms in the enuretic population.

Introduction: Enuresis prevalence is approximately 5-15% in children aged 6-7 years. The presence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in enuretic children is associated with 3 times greater risk of persistent enuresis. The Multimodal Treatment Study for ADHD (MTA) Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham version IV (SNAP-IV) is one of the most used instruments to evaluate ADHD symptoms, but it is a time-consuming questionnaire.

Investigation of the Familial Risk of Rheumatic Heart Disease with Systematic Echocardiographic Screening: Data from the PROVAR+ Family Study.

We aimed to use echocardiographic (echo) screening to evaluate the risk of Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) among the relatives of patients with advanced RHD, who were enrolled in the University Hospital's outpatient clinics from February 2020 to September 2021. Consenting first-degree relatives were invited for echo screening using handheld devices (GE VSCAN) by non-physicians, with remote interpretation. Matched controls (spouses, neighbors) living in the same household were enrolled in a 1:5 fashion.

Global PARITY: Study Design for a Multi-Centered, International Point Prevalence Study to Estimate the Burden of Pediatric Acute Critical Illness in Resource-Limited Settings.

Background: The burden of pediatric critical illness and resource utilization by children with critical illness in resource limited settings (RLS) are largely unknown. Without specific data that captures key aspects of critical illness, disease presentation, and resource utilization for pediatric populations in RLS, development of a contextual framework for appropriate, evidence-based interventions to guide allocation of limited but available resources is challenging. We present this methods paper which describes our efforts to determine the prevalence, etiology, hospital outcomes, and resource utilization associated with pediatric acute, critical illness in RLS globally.

Effect of therapeutic regimens and polypharmacy on health-related quality of life of people with multiple myeloma: a cross-sectional study in Belo Horizonte, Brazil.

Objective: Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematological cancer and its treatment is geared to promote better Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). We aimed to assess HRQoL and compare scores between variables on therapeutic regimens and polypharmacy in MM patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed from April/2019 to February/2020 in Belo Horizonte, Brazil.