Community-Acquired Respiratory Virus Infections: A Threat to Long-Term survivors after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant?

Background: Studies on late community-acquired respiratory virus (CARV) infections in long-term allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT) survivors are scarce, creating knowledge gaps on the epidemiology, risk of progression to lower respiratory tract disease (LRTD), and conditions linked to poor outcomes.

Patients And Methods: We included consecutive CARV infection episodes occurring up to six months after allo-HCT registered in our database from December 2013 to June 2023 at two Spanish transplant centers.

Results: Among 426 allo-HCT recipients, 1070 CARV episodes were recorded, 791 (74%) with only upper respiratory tract disease (URTD) and 279 (15%) progressing to LRTD, at a median of 18.

Pitfalls in definitions on respiratory viruses and particularities of Adenovirus infection in hematopoietic cell transplantation patients: Recommendations from the EBMT practice harmonization and guidelines committee.

In 2023, the EBMT Practice harmonization and Guidelines Committee partnered with the EBMT Infection Diseases Working Party (IDWP) to undertake the task of delivering best practice recommendations, aiming to harmonize by expert consensus, the already existing definitions and future epidemiological and clinical studies among centers of the EBMT network. To attain this objective, a group of experts in the field was convened. The workgroup identified and discussed some critical aspects in definitions of community-acquired respiratory viruses (CARV) and adenovirus (ADV) infections in recipient of hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT).

Ultrasound Cut-Off Values for Rectus Femoris for Detecting Sarcopenia in Patients with Nutritional Risk.

Background: A nationwide, prospective, multicenter, cohort study (the Disease-Related caloric-protein malnutrition EChOgraphy (DRECO) study) was designed to assess the usefulness of ultrasound of the rectus femoris for detecting sarcopenia in hospitalized patients at risk of malnutrition and to define cut-off values of ultrasound measures.

Methods: Patients at risk of malnutrition according to the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) underwent handgrip dynamometry, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), a Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, and rectus femoris ultrasound studies. European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) criteria were used to define categories of sarcopenia (at risk, probable, confirmed, severe).

New Perspectives for Low Muscle Mass Quantity/Quality Assessment in Probable Sarcopenic Older Adults: An Exploratory Analysis Study.

Background: Low muscle mass quantity/quality is needed to confirm sarcopenia diagnosis; however, no validated cut-off points exist. This study aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of sarcopenia through muscle mass quantity/quality parameters, using the bioimpedance analysis (BIA), isokinetic, and ultrasound tools in probable sarcopenic community-dwelling older adults (≥60 years). Also, it aimed to suggest possible new cut-off points to confirm sarcopenia diagnosis.

Outcome of Human Parainfluenza Virus infection in allogeneic stem cell transplantation recipients: possible impact of ribavirin therapy.

Background: This retrospective study focused on analyzing community-acquired respiratory virus (CARV) infections, in particular human parainfluenza virus (hPIV) after allogeneic stem cell transplant (allo-SCT) in adults recipients. It aimed to assess the impact of ribavirin treatment, clinical characteristics, and risk factors associated with lower respiratory tract disease (LRTD) progression and all-cause mortality.

Patients And Methods: The study included 230 allo-SCT recipients diagnosed with hPIV between December 2013 and June 2023.

Nutrition-Based Support for Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women: A Review of Recent Evidence.

Postmenopausal osteoporosis stands as the predominant bone disorder in the developed world, posing a significant public health challenge. Nutritional factors play a crucial role in bone health and may contribute to its prevention or treatment. Calcium and vitamin D, extensively studied with robust scientific evidence, are integral components of the non-pharmacological treatment for this disorder.

Relation Between Ultrasonographic Measurements of the Biceps Brachii and Total Muscle Mass in Older Hospitalized Persons: A Pilot Study.

Objectives: To assess the link between ultrasonographic measurements of the biceps brachii and total muscle mass measured by bio-impedancemetry in hospitalized older patients.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted. The study included patients older than 65 years admitted in internal medicine, acute geriatrics, orthogeriatrics and rehabilitation departments.

Management of pseudoaneurysms of the internal maxillary artery derived from orthognathic surgery based on one case.

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to highlight the risk of pseudoaneurysms formation after orthognathic surgery, their clinical features and management.

Methods: A case report of a 24-year-old man who suffered a pseudoaneurysm of the internal maxillary artery after sagittal osteotomy during orthognathic is reported. After three bleeding episodes, a pseudoaneurysm was diagnosed with a computed tomography angiogram (CTA) and treated with an embolization of the internal maxillary artery with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) successfully.

Low Muscle Mass Is Associated with Poorer Glycemic Control and Higher Oxidative Stress in Older Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Body composition changes that occur during aging, such as loss of lean mass, are unfavorable at metabolic level and they can explain, in part, the appearance of certain age-associated diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Separately, T2D is associated with an increase in oxidative stress (OS) which negatively affects skeletal muscle. Our aim was to study the differences in clinical and nutritional parameters, disease control, and OS in a cohort of older patients with T2D classified according to the amount of lean mass they had.

"Proteotranscriptomic analysis of advanced colorectal cancer patient derived organoids for drug sensitivity prediction".

Background: Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) from advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) patients could be a key platform to predict drug response and discover new biomarkers. We aimed to integrate PDO drug response with multi-omics characterization beyond genomics.

Methods: We generated 29 PDO lines from 22 advanced CRC patients and provided a morphologic, genomic, and transcriptomic characterization.

Pre-operative ribociclib plus letrozole versus chemotherapy: Health-related quality of life outcomes from the SOLTI CORALLEEN trial.

Introduction: In the phase II CORALLEEN trial, patients with PAM50 luminal B early breast cancer (EBC) were randomised to neoadjuvant ribociclib plus letrozole (R + L) or chemotherapy based on anthracyclines and taxanes. Results from the primary efficacy analysis showed a similar proportion of patients with response at surgery in both groups. How health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes with R + L compare with chemotherapy in EBC setting is still unknown.

A phase III trial of alpelisib + trastuzumab ± fulvestrant versus trastuzumab + chemotherapy in HER2+ -mutated breast cancer.

ALPHABET is a randomized phase III trial assessing alpelisib + trastuzumab with or without fulvestrant in previously treated HER2-positive -mutated advanced breast cancer. Patients will be included in two cohorts according to hormone receptor (HR) status. In the experimental arms, patients in the HR-negative cohort will receive trastuzumab + alpelisib, and patients in the HR-positive cohort will receive the same treatment plus fulvestrant.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pathology training: a survey among Spanish residents.

This study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the training of Spanish pathology residents by conducting an online survey. It was distributed among the pathologists who had been residents during the pandemic and consisted of 31 questions about the demographics and the impact of the pandemic on their pathology training. In total, 114 residents completed the survey; they reported a decrease in the number of biopsies, cytology samples, autopsies, research activities, sessions, case corrections, and courses, as well as the detrimental effect this had on their training.

Sick Leave and Costs in Active Workers with Chronic Osteoarthritis Pain in Spain: Outcomes of the OPIOIDS Real World Study.

Purpose: To estimate the number of sick leave days and productivity costs in active workers with osteoarthritis (OA) who initiated opioid treatment for moderate/severe chronic pain in clinical practice in Spain.

Patients And Methods: This is a secondary analysis of the longitudinal, retrospective OPIOIDS study, using electronic medical records (EMR) of patients aged ≥18 years, who started an opioid treatment for moderate/severe chronic OA pain between 2010 and 2015 after treatment failure with ≥1 first-line drugs (acetaminophen, metamizole and/or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs]). The number of days of sick leave and productivity costs were analyzed during a follow-up period of 36 months.

SEOM-GEICO clinical guidelines on endometrial cancer (2021).

Endometrial cancer (EC) is the second most common gynecological malignancy worldwide, the first in developed countries [Sung et al. in CA Cancer J Clin 71:209-249, 2021]. Although a majority is diagnosed at an early stage with a low risk of relapse, an important proportion of patients will relapse.

Frailty Is Associated with Oxidative Stress in Older Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Aging has increased the prevalence of frailty, and type 2 diabetes (T2D) has also increased in prevalence. Diabetes and oxidative stress (OS) have been shown to be related to frailty. However, the exact mechanism by which it occurs is not fully known.

Whole-Blood Mitochondrial DNA Copies Are Associated With the Prognosis of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome After Sepsis.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an inflammatory process of the lungs that develops primarily in response to pulmonary or systemic sepsis, resulting in a disproportionate death toll in intensive care units (ICUs). Given its role as a critical activator of the inflammatory and innate immune responses, previous studies have reported that an increase of circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a biomarker for fatal outcome in the ICU. Here we analyzed the association of whole-blood mtDNA (wb-mtDNA) copies with 28-day survival from sepsis and sepsis-associated ARDS.

Evaluation of interface pressure and temperature management in five wheelchair seat cushions and their effects on user satisfaction.

Background: Factors such as the manufacturing materials, shape or even the mechanical and thermal response of sitting Pressure Redistribution Support Surfaces (PRSS) can be potential contributors to pressure ulcers. However, few studies have compared a number of characteristics of the most frequently used devices.

Objective: To compare three potential contributors to pressure ulcers in five commercial PRSS: pressure redistribution, temperature and perceived comfort.

Circulating Tumor DNA Detection by Digital-Droplet PCR in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Systematic Review.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most devastating malignant tumors, being the seventh leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Researchers and clinicians are endeavoring to develop strategies for the early detection of the disease and the improvement of treatment results. Adequate biopsy is still challenging because of the pancreas's poor anatomic location.