Impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia in subjects with type 1 diabetes. Results of an online survey in a diabetes web site.

Objective: To assess the frequency of impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia (IAH) using a specific questionnaire (Spanish version) in a free access diabetes-related web site.

Methods: Data from a free access Spanish version of the Clarke test previously uploaded to the website of the Fundación para la Diabetes (March 2014-January 2015) were assessed. In addition to the eight questions in Clarke's questionnaire, information on type of diabetes, age, and disease duration was obtained.

Vaginal-cuff control and toxicity results of a daily HDR brachytherapy schedule in endometrial cancer patients.

Purpose: To analyze the vaginal-cuff local control (VCC) and toxicity in postoperative endometrial carcinoma patients (EC) underwent high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) administered daily.

Materials And Methods: 154 consecutive patients received postoperative HDR-BT for EC from January 2007 to September 2011. FIGO-staging I-IIIC2 patients were divided into two groups according to risk classification: Group 1 (94/154) included high-risk or advanced disease patients and Group 2 (60/154) included intermediate-risk EC patients.

The Central Biobank and Virtual Biobank of BIOMARKAPD: A Resource for Studies on Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Biobanks are important resources for biomarker discovery and assay development. Biomarkers for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease (BIOMARKAPD) is a European multicenter study, funded by the EU Joint Programme-Neurodegenerative Disease Research, which aims to improve the clinical use of body fluid markers for the diagnosis and prognosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). The objective was to standardize the assessment of existing assays and to validate novel fluid biomarkers for AD and PD.

Metabolic control after years of completing a clinical trial on sensor-augmented pump therapy.

Background: Sensor-augmented pump (SAP) therapy has been shown to be effective and safe for improving metabolic control in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in a number of trials. Our objective was to assess glycemic control in a group of T1DM patients on insulin pump or SAP therapy after years of participating in the SWITCH (Sensing With Insulin pump Therapy To Control HbA1c) trial and their return to routine medical monitoring.

Methods: A retrospective, observational study of 20 patients who participated in the SWITCH trial at our hospital from 2008 to 2010.

Assessment of metabolic control in patients with diabetes treated with insulin using Contour USB and A1cNow+ devices (COMET study).

Objectives: The self-determination of blood glucose is relevant for diabetes mellitus (DM) insulin-treated patients. The use of glucometers with advanced features and measuring glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) may help improve metabolic control. The main objective of this study was to determine the percentage of insulin treated patients who reduced HbA1c by at least 0.

Performance and complications of lumbar puncture in memory clinics: Results of the multicenter lumbar puncture feasibility study.

Introduction: Lumbar puncture (LP) is increasingly performed in memory clinics. We investigated patient-acceptance of LP, incidence of and risk factors for post-LP complications in memory clinic populations.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled 3868 patients (50% women, age 66 ± 11 years, mini mental state examination 25 ± 5) at 23 memory clinics.

Relationship between respiratory and food allergy and evaluation of preventive measures.

Food allergy and respiratory allergy are two frequently associated diseases and with an increasing prevalence. Several reports show the presence of respiratory symptoms in patients with food allergy, while certain foods may be related to the development or exacerbation of allergic rhinitis and asthma. The present update focuses on this relationship, revealing a pathogenic and clinical association between food and respiratory allergy.

Alzheimer's disease cerebrospinal fluid biomarker in cognitively normal subjects.

In a large multicentre sample of cognitively normal subjects, as a function of age, gender and APOE genotype, we studied the frequency of abnormal cerebrospinal fluid levels of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers including: total tau, phosphorylated tau and amyloid-β1-42. Fifteen cohorts from 12 different centres with either enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays or Luminex® measurements were selected for this study. Each centre sent nine new cerebrospinal fluid aliquots that were used to measure total tau, phosphorylated tau and amyloid-β1-42 in the Gothenburg laboratory.

Recommendations for the use of PET imaging biomarkers in the diagnosis of neurodegenerative conditions associated with dementia: SEMNIM and SEN consensus.

The new diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer's disease (AD) acknowledges the interest given to biomarkers to improve the specificity in subjects with dementia and to facilitate an early diagnosis of the pathophysiological process of AD in the prodromal or pre-dementia stage. The current availability of PET imaging biomarkers of synaptic dysfunction (PET-FDG) and beta amyloid deposition using amyloid-PET provides clinicians with the opportunity to apply the new criteria and improve diagnostic accuracy in their clinical practice. Therefore, it seems essential for the scientific societies involved to use the new clinical diagnostic support tools to establish clear, evidence-based and agreed set of recommendations for their appropriate use.

IAEA randomised trial of optimal single dose radiotherapy in the treatment of painful bone metastases.

Background: To determine the optimal single-dose radiotherapy schedule for pain from bone metastases in a multi-centre, international, randomised trial.

Patients And Methods: 651 patients were randomised to either 8Gy (n=325) or 4Gy (n=326) radiotherapy. Pain at 4, 8, 12, 24 and 52weeks was assessed using a Categorical Scale (CS) and a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS).

Initial phase of adaptation of Memory Alteration Test (M@T) in a Portuguese sample.

Objective: The Memory Alteration Test is a screening test able to discriminate the amnestic mild cognitive impairment (A-MCI) and mild Alzheimer disease from subjective memory complain group (SMC-G). The aim of this study was to analyze the European Portuguese experimental version of the Memory Alteration Test (M@T-PT).

Methods: Were described the successive stages of the translation and adaptation procedure used to develop the M@T-PT.

Bipolar disorder with comorbid attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder. Main clinical features and clues for an accurate diagnosis.

Objective: To study the prevalence of attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adult patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and identify differential clinical features for a better diagnosis.

Method: A total of 163 euthymic bipolar out-patients were screened for ADHD with the ASRS.V1 and the WURS at a BD Unit.

Recommendations of the Spanish Brachytherapy Group of SEOR for HDR endoluminal treatments. Part 1: Oesophagus.

The endoesophageal brachytherapy technique provides good results in the treatment of oesophageal cancer, when indicated. In a consensus meeting, the Spanish Brachytherapy Group of SEOR and the Spanish Society of Medical Physics (SEFM) agreed on the indications, dose, fractionation schedule, prescription and reporting to be performed in endoesophageal brachytherapy. The results of this consensus are presented here as recommendations for medical practice.

Mild cognitive impairment and deficits in instrumental activities of daily living: a systematic review.

Introduction: There is a growing body of evidence that subtle deficits in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) may be present in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, it is not clear if there are IADL domains that are consistently affected across patients with MCI. In this systematic review, therefore, we aimed to summarize research results regarding the performance of MCI patients in specific IADL (sub)domains compared with persons who are cognitively normal and/or patients with dementia.

CSF biomarkers for the differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: A large-scale international multicenter study.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to test the diagnostic value of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) beta-amyloid (Aβ1-42), phosphorylated tau, and total tau (tau) to discriminate Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia from other forms of dementia.

Methods: A total of 675 CSF samples collected at eight memory clinics were obtained from healthy controls, AD dementia, subjective memory impairment, mild cognitive impairment, vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia (LBD), fronto-temporal dementia (FTD), depression, or other neurological diseases.

Results: CSF Aβ1-42 showed the best diagnostic accuracy among the CSF biomarkers.

Effect of cross-sex hormone treatment on cardiovascular risk factors in transsexual individuals. Experience in a specialized unit in Catalonia.

Background And Aims: Since the onset of cross hormone therapy (CHT) in transsexual individuals, there has been concern about possible chronic side effects. Our objective was to assess baseline differences in lipid profile in individuals with gender identity disorder in relation to prior CHT, and changes in the lipid profile and other cardiovascular (CV) risk factors after 24 months of treatment.

Methods: Retrospective longitudinal study including all individuals assisted for the first time in the Gender Identity Unit of Catalonia from 2006 to 2010.

Responder analysis of a randomized comparison of the 13.3 mg/24 h and 9.5 mg/24 h rivastigmine patch.

Introduction: OPtimizing Transdermal Exelon In Mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease (OPTIMA) was a randomized, double-blind comparison of 13.3 mg/24 h versus 9.5 mg/24 h rivastigmine patch in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease who declined despite open-label treatment with 9.

[Cardiovascular disease in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Spain].

Background And Objective: To describe the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and to compare it with that observed in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and normal population in Spain.

Patients And Methods: Cross-sectional study (18-70 years-old). Information on CVD was available from a nurse-administered questionnaire (Di@bet.

Postpartum metabolic control in a cohort of women with type 1 diabetes.

Background And Objective: Pregnancy in women with type 1 diabetes (T1D) involves greater risks as compared to non-diabetic women, but less information is available about blood glucose and weight control after delivery. Our aim was to evaluate the postpartum metabolic profile (blood glucose and weight control) of women with T1D and the factors related to those metabolic outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective, observational study of 36 women with T1D during pregnancy and for up to one year after delivery.

Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in trials for Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases.

Alzheimer disease (AD) and Parkinson disease (PD) are the most common neurodegenerative disorders. For both diseases, early intervention is thought to be essential to the success of disease-modifying treatments. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can reflect some of the pathophysiological changes that occur in the brain, and the number of CSF biomarkers under investigation in neurodegenerative conditions has grown rapidly in the past 20 years.

The clinical use of cerebrospinal fluid biomarker testing for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis: a consensus paper from the Alzheimer's Biomarkers Standardization Initiative.

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers β-amyloid 1-42 (Aβ1-42), also expressed as Aβ1-42:Aβ1-40 ratio, T-tau, and P-tau181P, have proven diagnostic accuracy for mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD). How to use, interpret, and disclose biomarker results drives the need for standardization.

Methods: Previous Alzheimer's Biomarkers Standardization Initiative meetings discussed preanalytical issues affecting Aβ1-42 and tau in CSF.

Prospective study of individualized or high fixed doses of vitamin D supplementation after bariatric surgery.

Background: The degree of bariatric surgery (BS) induced vitamin D (VD) malabsorption is not well established.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of achieving 25-hydroxy VD (25(OH)D) levels ≥75 nmol/L with two regimens of VD supplementation after BS.

Methods: We performed two open-label, prospective studies in patients undergoing BS from 2009 to 2011.

TREM2 mutations implicated in neurodegeneration impair cell surface transport and phagocytosis.

Genetic variants in the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) have been linked to Nasu-Hakola disease, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and FTD-like syndrome without bone involvement. TREM2 is an innate immune receptor preferentially expressed by microglia and is involved in inflammation and phagocytosis. Whether and how TREM2 missense mutations affect TREM2 function is unclear.