Association between exposure to air pollution and blood lipids in the general population of Spain.

Background And Aims: We aimed to assess the associations of exposure to air pollutants and standard and advanced lipoprotein measures, in a nationwide sample representative of the adult population of Spain.

Methods: We included 4647 adults (>18 years), participants in the national, cross-sectional, population-based di@bet.es study, conducted in 2008-2010.

Ambient air pollution and thyroid function in Spanish adults. A nationwide population-based study (Di@bet.es study).

Background: Recent reports have suggested that air pollution may impact thyroid function, although the evidence is still scarce and inconclusive. In this study we evaluated the association of exposure to air pollutants to thyroid function parameters in a nationwide sample representative of the adult population of Spain.

Methods: The Di@bet.

Thoracic surgery in Spain.

In this manuscript, we briefly report on the Spanish health care system and the current situation of Thoracic Surgery in the country. Our surgical speciality is approached in terms of national spread of thoracic units, education, technological development, and other relevant aspects. Thoracic Surgery national workforce is also reviewed and compared to sister specialities.

Quantification of plasmid copy number as surrogate marker of virulence among different invasive and non-invasive genotypes of Chlamydia trachomatis.

The population dissemination of invasive genotypes of C. trachomatis and an increase of urogenital infections cases by non-invasive genotypes have been observed in many countries. In this epidemiological context, the descriptions of a high proportion of infections related to L-genotypes in asymptomatic patients, but also to infections caused by non-L genotypes in symptomatic patients have been unexpected finding.

Thyroid hormone resistance index and mortality in euthyroid subjects: Di@bet.es study.

Objective: It has been proposed that a mild form of acquired resistance to thyroid hormone may occur in the general population. Its clinical significance remains largely unknown. The objective of the study was to explore whether a newly described thyroid hormone resistance index is associated with the risk of mortality in a sample of community-dwelling euthyroid subjects representative of the adult population of Spain.

Association between long term exposure to particulate matter and incident hypertension in Spain.

Exposure to air particulate matter has been linked with hypertension and blood pressure levels. The metabolic risks of air pollution could vary according to the specific characteristics of each area, and has not been sufficiently evaluated in Spain. We analyzed 1103 individuals, participants in a Spanish nationwide population based cohort study (di@bet.

Iodine Deficiency and Mortality in Spanish Adults: Di@bet.es Study.

Longitudinal data assessing the impact of iodine deficiency (ID) on mortality are scarce. We aimed to study the association between the state of iodine nutrition and the risk of total and cause-specific mortality in a representative sample of the Spanish adult population. We performed a longitudinal observational study to estimate mortality risk according to urinary iodine (UI) concentrations using a sample of 4370 subjects >18 years representative of the Spanish adult population participating in the nationwide study Di@bet.

Incidence of diabetes mellitus in Spain as results of the nation-wide cohort di@bet.es study.

Our aim was to determine the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a nation-wide population based cohort from Spain (di@bet.es study). The target was the Spanish population.

[Holistic approach of the care of the infant with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy in Spain].

Introduction: There is not much information about the care of infants with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) treated with therapeutic hypothermia (TH) in Spain. This includes whether protocols are routinely used, the type of neuro-monitoring performed, and how information on the neurological prognosis is presented to families. The answers to these would allow to detect and implement areas of improvement.

Ambient temperature and prevalence of diabetes and insulin resistance in the Spanish population: Di@bet.es study.

Objective The activity of brown adipose tissue is sensitive to changes in ambient temperature. A lower exposure to cold could result in an increased risk of developing diabetes at population level, although this factor has not yet been sufficiently studied. Design We studied 5072 subjects, participants in a national, cross-sectional population-based study representative of the Spanish adult population (Di@bet.

Dairy Product Consumption and Metabolic Diseases in the Di@bet.es Study.

To date it is not clear what the role of dairy products is in metabolic diseases like diabetes, obesity, and hypertension. Therefore, the aim of this study is to test the association between dairy product consumption and those pathologies. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 5081 adults included in the di@bet.

The burden of cancer in Spain.

Introduction: Cancer imposes a huge financial burden in all developed countries. This study estimates the burden of cancer in Spain in 2015.

Methods: The most recent available epidemiological data on prevalence, incidence and mortality, and the economic data on direct (hospital, drugs, and primary care) and indirect (productivity) costs was used from the social perspective.

Iron deficiency is associated with Hypothyroxinemia and Hypotriiodothyroninemia in the Spanish general adult population: Di@bet.es study.

Previous studies have suggested that iron deficiency (ID) may impair thyroid hormone metabolism, however replication in wide samples of the general adult population has not been performed. We studied 3846 individuals free of thyroid disease, participants in a national, cross sectional, population based study representative of the Spanish adult population. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxin (FT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) were analyzed by electrochemiluminescence (E170, Roche Diagnostics).

Reference values for TSH may be inadequate to define hypothyroidism in persons with morbid obesity: Di@bet.es study.

Objective: To analyze the reference range of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in different BMI categories and its impact on the classification of hypothyroidism.

Methods: The study included 3,928 individuals free of thyroid disease (without previous thyroid disease, no interfering medications, TSH <10 µUI/mL and thyroid peroxidase antibodies [TPO Abs] <50 IU/mL) who participated in a national, cross-sectional, population-based study and were representative of the adult population of Spain. Data gathered included clinical and demographic characteristics, physical examination, and blood and urine sampling.

Population-Based National Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction in Spain and Associated Factors: Di@bet.es Study.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the national prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in Spain and its association with various clinical, environmental, and demographic variables.

Methods: The study included 4554 subjects (42.4% men) with a mean age of 50 years (range 18-93 years), who were participants in a national, cross-sectional, population-based survey conducted in 2009-2010.

Influence of the LILRA3 Deletion on Multiple Sclerosis Risk: Original Data and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative, autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified over hundred polymorphisms with modest individual effects in MS susceptibility and they have confirmed the main individual effect of the Major Histocompatibility Complex. Additional risk loci with immunologically relevant genes were found significantly overrepresented.

A new risk variant for multiple sclerosis at the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus associates with intrathecal IgG, IgM index and oligoclonal bands.

Background: Recent findings have shown a correlation between the intrathecal IgG index and variants at the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGHC) locus in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Objectives: The objective of this paper is to analyse the association of the locus with MS susceptibility and its relationship with intrathecal immunoglobulin (Ig) parameters.

Methods: We genotyped the rs11621145 variant, located at the IGHC locus, in 2726 patients with MS and 2133 healthy controls.

Diagnosis and treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma.

There are three major challenges in the diagnosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma: mesothelioma must be distinguished from benign mesothelial hyperplasia; malignant mesothelioma (and its subtypes) must be distinguished from metastatic carcinoma; and invasion of structures adjacent to the pleura must be demonstrated. The basis for clarifying the first two aspects is determination of a panel of monoclonal antibodies with appropriate immunohistochemical evaluation performed by highly qualified experts. Clarification of the third aspect requires sufficiently abundant, deep biopsy material, for which thoracoscopy is the technique of choice.

Variable patterns of obesity and cardiometabolic phenotypes and their association with lifestyle factors in the Di@bet.es study.

Background And Aim: Prevalence rates of "metabolically healthy obese" (MHO) subjects vary depending on the criteria used. This study examined the prevalence and characteristics of MHO subjects and metabolically abnormal normal-weight subjects and compared the findings with the NHANES 1999-2004 study. The aims of the present study were, first, to determine the prevalence rates of MHO and MNHNO subjects using the same criteria as those of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (1999-2004) study, and second to compare the prevalence and correlates of obese subjects who are resistant to the development of adiposity-associated cardiometabolic abnormalities (CA) and normal-weight individuals who display cardiometabolic risk factor clustering between the Spanish and the US populations.

Replication of top markers of a genome-wide association study in multiple sclerosis in Spain.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system with presumed autoimmune origin, triggered by genetic and environmental risk factors. A recent genome-wide association study conducted on MS identified new biallelic markers outside the HLA (human leucocyte antigen) region involved in disease susceptibility: rs1109670 (DDEF2); rs1458175 (PDZRN4); rs1529316 and rs2049306 (CSMD1); rs16914086 (TBC1D2); rs1755289 (SH3GL2); rs1841770 (ZIC1); rs651477 (EN1); rs7607490 (TRIB2); rs397020 (C20orf46); rs908821 (SLC25A36); rs7672826 (MGC45800) and rs9523762 (GPC5). We aimed at replicating these top association signals in a Spanish cohort of 2863 MS patients and 2930 sex- and age-matched controls.

STAT3 locus in inflammatory bowel disease and multiple sclerosis susceptibility.

STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) signaling is a critical component of Th17-dependent autoimmune processes. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have revealed the role of the STAT3 gene in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) susceptibility, although confirmation in clinical subphenotypes is warranted. Mice with targeted deletion of Stat3 in T cells are resistant to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, which is a multiple sclerosis (MS) model.

Impact of number and site of lymph node invasion on survival of adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction.

Lymph node involvement in adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) is similar to that of gastric cancer. The impact on survival of the number and site of lymph nodes involved in a subgroup of patients undergone surgery for adenocarcinoma of EGJ is reported. Sixty-four patients undergone transthoracic esophagectomy with two-field lymphadenectomy for adenocarcinoma of the EGJ were retrospectively assessed.