Seasonal Shifts in Influenza, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, and Other Respiratory Viruses After the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Eight-Year Retrospective Study in Jalisco, Mexico.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic profoundly disrupted the epidemiology of respiratory viruses, driven primarily by widespread non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) such as social distancing and masking. This eight-year retrospective study examines the seasonal patterns and incidence of influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and other respiratory viruses across pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic phases in Jalisco, Mexico. Weekly case counts were analyzed using an interrupted time series (ITS) model, segmenting the timeline into these three distinct phases.

The Association of Anti-Sm with Osteopontin Related to Cognitive Impairment in a Pristane-Induced Lupus BALB/c Mice Model.

The BALB/c model of pristane-induced lupus (PIL) exhibits cognitive impairment features resembling neuropsychiatric lupus (NPLSE). Osteopontin (OPN) is associated with disease activity in SLE; however, its involvement in NPLSE is not yet entirely determined. Our study aims to elucidate the contribution of full-length OPN (OPN-FL) plasma expression, OPN N-half, and to cognitive impairment in the PIL mice model.

[Necrotizing pneumonia in a patient with selective IgA deficiency].

Background: Inborn errors of immunity originate from monogenic mutations that should be considered in the suggestive diagnosis of patients with recurrent or severe infections, allergies, autoimmunity, autoinflammatory diseases, bone marrow failure and malignancy.

Case Report: Pediatric patient, male, 4 years old, treated in the medical service for fever of 39°C, difficult to control. The simple chest x-ray reported left pulmonary consolidation.

De Novo RB1 Germline Variant in Retinoblastoma with Two Subsequent Independent Neoplasms: Case Report and Literature Review.

Variants in the gene are associated with retinoblastoma (RB) development, and their presence in germline cells considerably increases the risk of subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMNs) in RB survivors. We report a female patient with bilateral RB who developed two SMNs in less than ten years, with a de novo pathogenic nonsense variant in [NM_000321.3:c.

Development of the pediatric neuro-oncology services assessment aid: An assessment tool for pediatric neuro-oncology service delivery capacity.

Background: To enhance the quality of care available for children with central nervous system (CNS) tumors across the world, a systematic evaluation of capacity is needed to identify gaps and prioritize interventions. To that end, we created the pediatric neuro-oncology (PNO) resource assessment aid (PANORAMA) tool.

Methods: The development of PANORAMA encompassed 3 phases: operationalization, consensus building, and piloting.

Increased Cytokine Levels in Seronegative Myositis: Potential Th17 Immune Response Implications.

Th17 cells are known for producing IL-17 and their role in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases, including myositis. Likewise, the participation of the IL-23/IL-17 pathway in autoimmunity has been confirmed. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the behavior of cytokines in myositis, focusing on the autoantibodies profile and the myositis core set measures.

Very early remission and increased apoptosis with the use of Pentoxifylline in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Introduction: Despite the improvement in survival in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), there are still cases with evasion of chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. The IKK/NF-κB signaling pathway contributes to antiapoptotic gene expression. Pentoxifylline (PTX) inhibits IkB phosphorylation, blocking NF-κB and antiapoptotic activity.

The TeLeo Program: Tele-education in pediatric oncology as a tool to support training programs in Latin America.

The TeLeo Program offers a free-access 2-year online learning program to support fellowship programs in pediatric oncology, enhance networking opportunities, and facilitate the exchange of context-specific, educational content within the pediatric oncology community in training in Latin America. In its first edition beginning in 2021, 185 fellows from 40 centers in 12 Latin American countries were enrolled. Additional courses for other healthcare professionals related to oncology in the region were produced to further support the program.

Clinical characteristics and severity markers in hospitalized COVID-19 patients from western Mexico: a comparative analysis of Delta and Omicron variants.

Introduction: COVID-19 is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a virus notable for its rapid mutation rate, which has led to the emergence of various variants such as Delta and Omicron, each with potentially different levels of transmissibility and virulence. Therefore, this study aims to compare clinical charactheristics and markers associated with the severity of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients from western Mexico who were infected with the Delta and Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 66 patients hospitalized for COVID-19, diagnosed by RT-qPCR.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, cesarean section delivery, and lack of exclusive breastfeeding exposure in patients from the Guadalajara Metropolitan Area, Mexico.

Introduction: the combination of cesarean section delivery and limited exposure to full breastfeeding (FBF) in the first six months of life may increase the risk of obesity and diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to establish an association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in adulthood, cesarean section delivery and incomplete full breastfeeding (FBF) in individuals from the metropolitan area of Guadalajara, Mexico. Methodology: this analytical cross-sectional study included patients over 18 years of age with T2DM and normal weight, overweight or obesity, regardless of sex.

N-acetyl-cysteine in Intensive Care Unit Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome due to COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: We assessed the potential association between N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) and clinical outcomes in critically ill subjects with COVID-19-related ARDS.

Material And Methods: We included subjects with confirmed COVID-19 who were admitted to our ICU between March 1, 2020, and January 31, 2021, due to ARDS and necessitating invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Subjects who received standard of care (SOC) were compared with subjects who additionally received NAC 600 mg bid orally.

International Society of Paediatric Oncology (SIOP) Global Mapping Program: Analysis of healthcare centers in countries of the Latin American Society of Pediatric Oncology (SLAOP).

Background: The International Society of Paediatric Oncology Society Global Mapping Program aims to describe the local pediatric oncology capacities. Here, we report the data from Latin America.

Methods: A 10-question survey was distributed among chairs of pediatric oncology services.

Neck Circumference and Its Relation with Body Fat Percentage in Children 5-10 Years Old.

Background: Neck circumference (NC) has been proposed as an indicator of upper trunk adiposity and a potential indicator of metabolic risk. The objective was to evaluate NC and its correlation with body fat percentage (BF%) and other indicators of adiposity in children with normal weight, overweight, and obesity.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 112 children 5 to 10 years of age were included in the outpatient clinic from a public hospital.

Evidence That Peripheral Leptin Resistance in Omental Adipose Tissue and Liver Correlates with MASLD in Humans.

Leptin regulates lipid metabolism, maximizing insulin sensitivity; however, peripheral leptin resistance is not fully understood, and its contribution to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is unclear. This study evaluated the contribution of the leptin axis to MASLD in humans. Forty-three participants, mostly female (86.

Nutritional interventions in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia undergoing antineoplastic treatment: a systematic review.

Background: A compromised nutritional status jeopardizes a positive prognosis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. In low- and middle-income countries, ~ 50% of children with ALL are malnourished at diagnosis time, and undergoing antineoplastic treatment increases the risk of depleting their nutrient stores. Nutrition interventions are implemented in patients with cancer related malnutrition.

Nonelective cesarean section is associated with the prevalence of asthma among Mexican children who attended childcare centers.

Background: The cesarean section (CS) mode of delivery can influence the prevalence of bronchial asthma (BA), allergic rhinitis (AR), or atopic dermatitis (AD) by promoting modifications in the infantile microbiome.

Objective: To analyze the prevalence of asthma in children who were born through CS and attended childcare centers.

Methods: The data were obtained through an online survey that was answered anonymously by one of the parents; the survey inquired about the route of delivery of the child and the prevalence of BA, AR, and AD.

Impact of treatment and clinical characteristics on the survival of children with medulloblastoma in Mexico.

Introduction: Data on medulloblastoma outcomes and experiences in low- and middle-income countries, especially in Latin America, is limited. This study examines challenges in Mexico's healthcare system, focusing on assessing outcomes for children with medulloblastoma in a tertiary care setting.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted, involving 284 patients treated at 21 pediatric oncology centers in Mexico.

Liraglutide effectiveness in preoperative weight-loss for patients with severe obesity undergoing bariatric-metabolic surgery.

Preoperative management of patients living with severe obesity can be challenging; in this context, the preoperative weight loss may help to obtain better outcomes and less morbidity for bariatric surgery. Therefore, we evaluated the effectiveness of GLP-1 analogue Liraglutide in preoperative weight loss. We performed a single-center, quasi-experimental prospective study.