Evaluation of the Chetomin effect on histopathological features in a murine acute spinal cord injury model.

Background: Several research studies have been focused on improving the treatment and prognosis of acute spinal cord injury, as part of this initiative we investigated the use of Chetomin to reduce the inflammatory response in this pathology.

Methods: An experimental, prospective, cross-sectional study was performed using 42 Wistar rats where we analyzed the effect of Chetomin compared to methylprednisolone administered 1 and 8 h after the spinal cord injury in a murine model.

Results: Chetomin administration 8h post-injury decreased IL-6 and VEGF expression; and, and its administration 1h post-injury decreased NF-kB expression.

Subclassification of B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia according to age, immunophenotype and microenvironment, predicts MRD risk in Mexican children from vulnerable regions.

Introduction: The decisive key to disease-free survival in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children, is the combination of diagnostic timeliness and treatment efficacy, guided by accurate patient risk stratification. Implementation of standardized and high-precision diagnostic/prognostic systems is particularly important in the most marginalized geographic areas in Mexico, where high numbers of the pediatric population resides and the highest relapse and early death rates due to acute leukemias are recorded even in those cases diagnosed as standard risk.

Methods: By using a multidimensional and integrated analysis of the immunophenotype of leukemic cells, the immunological context and the tumor microenvironment, this study aim to capture the snapshot of acute leukemia at disease debut of a cohort of Mexican children from vulnerable regions in Puebla, Oaxaca and Tlaxcala and its potential use in risk stratification.

Warthin's Tumor of the Parotid Gland With Degeneration to Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Parotid gland neoplasms are rare; some benign lesions, such as Warthin's tumor (WT), can present as malignant degeneration to carcinomas or, even rarer, to lymphomas. In the literature, there are fewer than 30 reported cases of primary lymphoma of the parotid gland. We present a case of a 65-year-old male patient with a first diagnosis of WT of the parotid gland who later presented a tumor recurrence and underwent a second surgery, reporting diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the parotid gland.

Etiological and epidemiological characteristics of surgically treated radial nerve lesions: A 20-year single-center experience.

Introduction: Radial nerve lesions present a clinical entity that may lead to disability, psychological distress, and job loss, and thus requires great attention. Knowledge of the etiology and exact mechanism of the nerve impairment is of great importance for appropriate management of these patients, and there are only a few papers that focused on these features in patients with surgically treated radial nerve lesions. The lack of studies presenting the etiology and injury mechanisms of surgically treated radial nerve lesions may be due to a relatively small number of specialized referral centers, dispersion to low-flow centers, and a greater focus on the surgical treatment outcomes.

Consensus in acute myeloid leukemia in Mexico.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) comprises a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic cell neoplasms of myeloid lineage that arise from the clonal expansion of their precursors in the bone marrow, interfering with cell differentiation, leading to a syndrome of bone marrow failure. AML is a consequence of genetic and epigenetic changes (point mutations, gene rearrangements, deletions, amplifications, and arrangements in epigenetic changes that influence gene expression) in hematopoietic precursor cells, which create a clone of abnormal cells that are capable of proliferating but cannot differentiate into mature hematopoietic cells or undergo programmed cell death. The diagnosis requires more than 20% myeloid blasts in the bone marrow and certain cytogenic abnormalities.

Ruxolitinib as a treatment strategy for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia: clinical experience in a real-world setting.

Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection is characterised by a viral phase and a severe pro-inflammatory phase. The inhibition of the JAK/STAT pathway limits the pro-inflammatory state in moderate to severe COVID-19.

Methodology: We analysed the data obtained by an observational cohort of patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia treated with ruxolitinib in 22 hospitals of Mexico.

360-surgery for a giant cervical chordoma with involvement of the right vertebral artery.

Background: Chordomas are malignant tumors that arise from the remnants of the notochord. Complete radical resection with postoperative radiation therapy is currently considered the gold standard. Here, we performed a 360-staged approach to manage a C3-C4 chordoma that involved the right vertebral artery.

Histopathological Correlation (World Health Organization Classification) of Meningiomas and Their Anatomical Localization: A Multicenter Epidemiological Study in Mexico.

Objective: To determine the epidemiology of the localization and histological type of meningiomas in the Mexican population and the distribution of the different histological patterns and their relationship to tumor localization and patient demographics.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed in 5 hospitals in Mexico from 2009 to 2019. For qualitative variables, mean values were compared using Pearson χ test for the correlation between location and histological pattern as well as the clinical presentation and the patient's sex.

Spinal drop of atypical choroid plexus papilloma in an adult patient: A case report and literature review.

Background: Choroid plexus papillomas (CPPs) are benign extra-axial tumors that originate from the choroid plexus; these tumors rarely have metastases, being at the spinal level the location with few reported cases.

Case Description: We report the case of a 48-year-old man with a history of atypical fourth ventricular CPP and gross total resection (GTR) in 2008. In 2015, he presented with radicular pain, decreased strength, and paresthesia in the left leg.

Chronic viral hepatitis C micro-elimination program using telemedicine. The Mexican experience.

Background: hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global health problem. Chronic infection induces the development of fibrosis and cirrhosis together with all the related complications. The use of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) drugs has proven highly effective.

Transillumination of Calot's Triangle on Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Feasible Approach to Achieve a Critical View of Safety.

Background Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is currently one of the most commonly performed procedures globally. Morbidity of laparoscopic cholecystectomy is low; however, bile duct injury is still a feared complication. Despite worldwide efforts, the global incidence of bile duct injury remains higher for laparoscopic cholecystectomy compared with open cholecystectomy.

Potential pro-arrhythmic effects of pharmacotherapy against SARS-CoV-2.

The pandemic caused by the SARS-COV-2 or COVID-19 virus has been a global challenge given its high rate of transmission and lack of effective therapy or vaccine. This scenario has led to the use of various drugs that have demonstrated a potential effect against the virus in vitro. However, time has not been enough to properly evaluate their clinical effectiveness.

Risk factors and temporal trends for vascular access-related complications in coronary procedures: evolving from femoral to radial approach.

Introduction: Radial access is the gold standard for ST-elevation myocardial infarction; nevertheless, there is scarce information in Mexico.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to describe the differences in radiation exposure, intervention time, fluoroscopy time, complications and temporal trends, and risk factors among radial and femoral access for coronary procedures.

Materials And Methods: A total of 493 patients underwent coronary interventions by femoral or radial access.

Minimally Invasive Treatment for a Sacral Tarlov Cyst Through Tubular Retractors.

Background: Tarlov cysts (TC) are focal dilations of arachnoid and dura mater of the spinal posterior nerve root sheath that appear as cystic lesions of the nerve roots typically in the lower spine, especially in the sacrum, which can cause radicular symptoms when they increase in size and compress the nerve roots. Different open procedures have been described to treat TCs, but no minimally invasive procedures have been described to effectively address this pathology.

Case Description: A 29-year-old woman presented with right lower extremity pain and weakness.

Sarcoidosis of the lacrimal gland as a first manifestation.

Objective/method: The first manifestation of sarcoidosis is usually at the pulmonary level. The case is described of a 40-year-old female patient, who presented with an increased volume of the lacrimal gland and mechanical ptosis of upper left eyelid as the first expression of this disease.

Result/conclusion: The diagnosis of systemic sarcoidosis with primary presentation of the lacrimal gland was made after performing several immunological studies with negative results, imaging studies, and taking of glandular and lymph node biopsies.

Primary Spinal Epidural Lymphoma As a Cause of Spontaneous Spinal Anterior Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review.

 Primary spinal epidural lymphoma (PSEL) is one of the rarest categories of tumors. Spinal cord compression is an uncommon primary manifestation and requires to be treated with surgery for the purpose of diagnosis and decompression.  A 45-year-old man presented with a new onset thoracic pain and progress to an anterior spinal syndrome with hypoesthesia and loss of thermalgesia.

Post-fundoplication symptoms and complications: Diagnostic approach and treatment.

Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication is currently considered the surgical treatment of choice for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and its long-term effectiveness is above 90%. Adequate patient selection and the experience of the surgeon are among the predictive factors of good clinical response. However, there can be new, persistent, and recurrent symptoms after the antireflux procedure in up to 30% of the cases.

[Metabolic control in the critically ill patient an update: hyperglycemia, glucose variability hypoglycemia and relative hypoglycemia].

Background: Metabolic changes of glucose in critically ill patients increase morbidity and mortality. The appropriate level of blood glucose has not been established so far and should be adjusted for different populations. However concepts such as glucose variability and relative hypoglycemia of critically ill patients are concepts that are changing management methods and achieving closer monitoring.

[Acute bilateral thalamic infarcts in a young man with patent foramen ovale].

Background: Patent foramen ovale (PFO) has been associated with cryptogenic stroke in young patients.

Clinical Case: A 27-year-old man presented with acute confusional syndrome, altered language, bradypsychia and somnolence. Brain MRI showed symmetrical bilateral thalamic infarctions probably due to occlusion of Percheron's artery type 2b.

[Lumbosacral facet joint stabilization: Mc Bride technique].

Unlabelled: We carried out a retrospective study of the clinical results of lumbosacral decompression with Mc Bride technique, in treatment of degenerative unstable lumbar stenosis. Three hundred and forty patients (180 male) were treated during May 1996 to May 2003. Mean age at surgery was 47 years old (22-85) with 3 to 8 years of follow up.

[Effect of the hyaluronic acid on tracheal healing. A canine experimental mode].

Several drugs have been used to modulate of the tracheal healing process in order to prevent tracheal stenosis. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a modulator of the fibrogenesis. In this work we evaluate the effect in order the application of hyaluronic acid has on tracheal healing, after cervical tracheoplasty in dogs.

[Vasopressin use in shock].

Arginine-vasopressin (VP), also known as the antidiuretic hormone, is essential for water homeostasis. Its synthesis and liberation depends on regulation of osmotic, hypovolemic, hormonal, and nonosmotic stimuli. It has been demonstrated that it is key for maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis through vasomotor regulation, the determinant of systemic vascular resistance and mean arterial pressure, a process acting through V1 receptors.