Drug Development.

Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that the presynaptic protein α-synuclein (α-syn), is involved in the pathophysiology of AD and elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The role of Natural Killer (NK) cells of the innate immune system in AD has largely been overlooked. In a murine model, depletion of NK cells augmented the accumulation of pathological α-syn.

Use of "enhanced contact endoscopy for pituitary surgery" in a collision sellar tumor (papillary craniopharyngioma + non-functional pituitary adenoma): Representative case illustration and two-dimensional operative video.

Background: Collision sellar tumors are rare disease entities. Less than 30 cases have been reported in the literature in the last 20 years. We present the case of one patient diagnosed with a collision sellar tumor and describe the use of Enhanced Contact Endoscopy for pituitary gland and tumoral identification not previously described in the literature.

[Total hip arthroplasty secondary to ocronotic arthropathy. A case report].

Introduction: alkaptonuria is a rare hereditary metabolic disorder which is characterized by deficiency of the enzyme homogentisate 1,2 dioxygenase, which is responsible for the oxidation and renal elimination of homogentisic acid (HGA), which causes its accumulation. The excessive accumulation of HGA results in ochronosis and ochronotic arthropathy, which mainly affects the thoracolumbar spine and the large joints, leading to the need for joint replacement seeking to improve function and quality of life.

Clinical Case: hereby is presented a 67-years-old female patient with history of alkaptonuria with diffuse painful right hip of 4 years of evolution.

[Triangular fibrocartilage complex and ligamentary injuries: correlation between MRI and wrist arthroscopy findings].

Introduction: wrist ligament injuries and triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) lesions are common but often underdiagnosed conditions causing chronic wrist pain. The diagnostic challenge necessitates a combination of clinical examination, imaging studies, and arthroscopy, considered the gold standard. Ligament injuries, particularly scapholunate ligament (SL), and TFCC lesions account for significant wrist instability and ulnar-sided wrist pain, respectively.

Distribution of the Pfirrmann Classification by BMI and Age in a Mexican Population.

This study aimed to delineate trends in intervertebral disc degeneration among Mexican patients, specifically focusing on the distribution and correlation between BMI and Pfirrmann classification results within the Mexican population. Conducted using the public health database of Mexico City. The study involved 51 patients sampled via convenience sampling, with exclusive utilization of internal MRI data from L4-L5 and L5-S1 discs.

Differences in Clinical Profiles and Biologic Treatment Approaches for Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases Across Regions in Mexico: An Analysis of the BIOBADAMEX Cohort.

Objective: Being Mexico a very diverse developing country, the access to health care varies among geographical regions. We aimed to assess the differences in clinical features and treatment prescription in 3 regions of Mexico using data from the Mexican Adverse Events Registry (BIOBADAMEX).

Methods: We included all BIOBADAMEX patients from 2016 to 2023, compared the prescription patterns, the sociodemographic, clinical, and treatment characteristics between the northern (NR), central (CR), and southern regions (SR), and addressed the treatment survival by calculating hazards ratios (HRs).

Desmoid-type fibromatosis of the breast in a male patient following cosmetic surgery: a rare case report.

Background: Desmoid-type fibromatosis of the breast is a rare, benign, but locally aggressive tumor that typically affects women. Its presentation in male patients is exceedingly rare, and even more so following a cosmetic procedure such as liposuction. This case report describes a unique presentation of breast fibromatosis in a male patient, who developed the condition after undergoing liposuction for cosmetic purposes to define the pectoral area.

Optimization of Subscapularis Tendon Repair in Stemless Shoulder Arthroplasty Using a Resorbable Pressure-Dissipating Onlay Suture Disk Implant.

Successful subscapularis repair in stemless shoulder arthroplasty is crucial to reduce complications and improve postoperative function. As stemless shoulder arthroplasty continues to grow in popularity, several subscapularis tendon repair techniques are being developed, with a current trend toward knotless devices and double-row anchor-based constructs. In this article, we present our technique for repair of a subscapularis tendon peel using a suture-capture construct that aids in compression of the tendon onto its footprint and then gradually releases the tension as the capture resorbs and tendon healing occurs.

Evidence-Based Medicine in Otolaryngology Part 15: Introduction to Peer Review-A Framework for Clinicians.

Peer review is an essential cornerstone of scientific advancement. This process involves understanding study design, data analytics, and interpretation of the evidence. For clinicians who are performing their initial peer reviews, and even for seasoned reviewers who assess complex manuscripts, it can be helpful to have a standard approach.

Experimental small fields output factors determination for an MR-linac according to the measuring position and orientation of the detector.

. To investigate the effect of the position and orientation of the detector and its influence on the determination of output factors (OF) for small fields for a linear accelerator (MR-linac) integrated with 1.5 T magnetic resonance following the TRS-483 formalism.

[Clinical approach to the patient with obesity document by the Argentine Society of Medicine, the Uruguayan Society of Internal Medicine, and the International Forum of Internal Medicine].

Obesity is one of the non-communicable chronic diseases with the highest increase in recent decades in Latin America, affecting children, adolescents, and especially young adults. Forty percent of adults have a body mass index greater than 25 kg/m2. Numerous studies have demonstrated a relationship between obesity and cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, coronary artery disease, heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias, diabetes, sleep apnea, and oncological diseases, among others.

Immediate consecutive microvascular decompression for bilateral classical trigeminal neuralgia.

Background: Classical trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is characterized by sudden, severe facial pain, typically resulting from a neurovascular conflict affecting the trigeminal nerve. In rare cases, both nerves are affected simultaneously causing bilateral TN (BTN), increasing the complexity of the treatment. Microvascular decompression (MVD) is a well-established treatment for TN; however, the experience with immediate consecutive bilateral MVD procedures is limited and requires further evaluation.

From Injury to Innovation: Margaret Dix's Pioneering Work in Neuro-Otology.

Margaret Ruth Dix made groundbreaking contributions to neuro-otology, particularly in the study of vestibular disorders. Together with Charles Hallpike, Dix developed the Dix-Hallpike maneuver, a diagnostic technique that is still widely used today for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Their research provided critical insights into BPPV, although they initially misidentified its cause, attributing it to otolithic disturbances instead of semicircular canal dysfunction.

Profile of bacterial resistance in emergency wards, non-intensive care unit areas, and intensive care units in Mexican hospitals with the antimicrobial stewardship program.

Objectives: Bacterial infections are important causes of death. Some reports have shown that the COVID-19 pandemic may have had an impact on drug resistance. The objective of this work was to compare the resistance profiles between 2019 and 2020 in the emergency department, non-intensive care units (ICU), and ICU areas in Mexican hospitals.

Factors Associated With Shock at Presentation in Kawasaki Disease Versus Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated With Covid-19.

Background: Although clinical overlap between Kawasaki disease (KD) and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) has been evident, information regarding those presenting with shock has been limited. We sought to determine associations with shock within and between diagnosis groups.

Methods: The International KD Registry enrolled contemporaneous patients with either KD or MIS-C from 39 sites in 7 countries from January 1, 2020, to January 1, 2023.

Postictal vertebral fractures: Incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes. A systematic review.

Introduction: Vertebral fractures in postictal patients with no prior acute or chronic trauma history are rare but can lead to severe neurological complications if missed during the initial evaluation.

Research Question: What are the prevalence and risk factors associated with vertebral fractures? What are the characteristics of these fractures in terms of their location, severity, and clinical outcome?

Materials And Methods: A comprehensive literature search using MeSH terms was conducted. Data from previously published studies and three new cases from the authors' institution were collected.

Postoperative Pain at Discharge From the Post-anesthesia Care Unit: A Case-Control Study.

Introduction: Despite advancements in postoperative pain management, approximately 20% of patients still experience severe pain within the first 24 hours post-surgery. Previous studies utilizing machine learning have shown promise in predicting postoperative pain with various models. This study investigates postoperative pain predictors using a machine learning approach based on physiological indicators and demographic factors in a Mexican cohort.

Transposition of Megadolichoectatic Basilar Artery in Trigeminal Neuralgia: 3-Dimensional Operative Video.

Trigeminal neuralgia is usually associated with vascular compression of the nerve entry zone. However, a dolichoectatic basilar artery represents the cause in only up to 3% of cases. This is characterized by dilation, elongation, or tortuosity of the vertebrobasilar arteries.

Galectin-1 Elicits a Tissue-Specific Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Degradative Effect Upon LPS-Induced Response in an Ex Vivo Model of Human Fetal Membranes Modeling an Intraamniotic Inflammation.

Problem: Intrauterine infection is one of the most jeopardizing conditions associated with adverse outcomes, including preterm birth; however, multiple tolerance mechanisms operate at the maternal-fetal interface to avoid the rejection of the fetus. Among the factors that maintain the uterus as an immunoprivileged site, Galectin-1 (Gal-1), an immunomodulatory glycan-binding protein secreted by the maternal-fetal unit, is pivotal in promoting immune cell homeostasis. This work aimed to evaluate the role of Gal-1 during a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced-inflammatory milieu.

Strategic interventions in clinical randomized trials for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and obesity in the pediatric population: a systematic review with meta-analysis and bibliometric analysis.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is a prevalent hepatic condition linked to metabolic alterations. It gradually causes liver damage and potentially progresses to cirrhosis. Despite its significance, research, especially in the pediatric population, is limited, leading to contradictory findings in diagnosis and treatment.