Respiratory Viruses in Patients With Hematological Malignancy in Boreal Autumn/Winter 2023-2024: EPICOVIDEHA-EPIFLUEHA Report.

Community-acquired respiratory viral infections (CARV) significantly impact patients with hematological malignancies (HM), leading to high morbidity and mortality. However, large-scale, real-world data on CARV in these patients is limited. This study analyzed data from the EPICOVIDEHA-EPIFLUEHA registry, focusing on patients with HM diagnosed with CARV during the 2023-2024 autumn-winter season.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors-associated vasculitis: a heterogeneous condition with possible severe disease course.

Objective: To describe presentation, treatment and outcome of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) associated-vasculitis in cancer patients in a multicentre study.

Methods: Thanks to the ImmunoCancer International Registry (ICIR), a multidisciplinary network focused on the research of the immune related adverse events related to cancer immunotherapies, patients presenting with a clinical and/or radiological suspicion of vasculitis, and histological evidence of vasculitis after being exposed to ICIs were retrospectively identified.

Results: Twenty eight cases were identified in the ICIR registry.

Novel percutaneous aspiration thrombectomy in Fontan conduit obstruction with cardiogenic shock. Case report.

Background: Obstructive complications in the Fontan circulation pose significant risks to affected patients. Traditional management strategies may be insufficient, necessitating innovative treatment approaches. This case report discusses the use of the FlowTriever Retrieval System for percutaneous aspiration thrombectomy in a patient with a history of Fontan procedure who developed conduit obstruction due to thrombus formation.

Factors that Determine Pelvic Obliquity in Adults Who Suffered Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease and the Role of Total Hip Arthroplasty in Its Restoration.

Background: The purpose of the study was to analyze the appearance of pelvic obliquity before total hip arthroplasty (THA) in adults who have Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) sequelae and its evolution in the first two postoperative years, identifying which factors influence its development.

Methods: The THAs performed between 2012 and 2021 at a single institution in adults who had LCPD during childhood were retrospectively identified. Each case was matched 1:1, based on age at surgery, sex, and body mass index, with a primary THA performed for hip osteoarthritis (primary OA).

Model organisms for investigating the functional involvement of NRF2 in non-communicable diseases.

Non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) are most commonly characterized by age-related loss of homeostasis and/or by cumulative exposures to environmental factors, which lead to low-grade sustained generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), chronic inflammation and metabolic imbalance. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (NRF2) is a basic leucine-zipper transcription factor that regulates the cellular redox homeostasis. NRF2 controls the expression of more than 250 human genes that share in their regulatory regions a cis-acting enhancer termed the antioxidant response element (ARE).

Clinical study on the predictive utility of high flow CPAP in weaning from prolonged mechanical ventilation in critical paediatric surgery patients.

Introduction And Objectives: Weaning paediatric patients from mechanical ventilation (MV) often results in extubation failure (EF) (14%-22%) and 2% of patients will require tracheostomy (2%).

Methods: We performed an observational study in 115 critically ill patients in whom a novel high-flow CPAP (CPAP-ANRI) system was connected to the tracheal tube during ventilation (CPAP + TI). After extubation, the same system was connected to various interfaces.

Metabolomic Changes Associated With the Change in HVPG After DAAs Therapy in HCV Cirrhotic Patients.

Background And Aims: In response to direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) therapy, patients who experience a decrease in hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) considerably reduce liver complications and have increased survival. This study aimed to assess the metabolomic changes associated with the changes in HVPG from the start of DAA therapy until 48 weeks after effective DAA therapy in patients with advanced HCV-related cirrhosis.

Methods: We carried out a multicenter longitudinal study in 31 patients with advanced hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related cirrhosis.

Ex vivo evaluation of the effect of plasma-derived factor VIII/von Willebrand factor in patients with severe hemophilia A on emicizumab prophylaxis.

Hemophilia A (HA) patients under emicizumab prophylaxis may require the concomitant use of procoagulant factors for breakthrough bleedings or immune tolerance induction (ITI). The aim of this study is to evaluate the ex vivo procoagulant effect of plasma-derived FVIII concentrates containing von Willebrand factor (pdFVIII/VWF) in samples from patients with severe HA without inhibitors on emicizumab prophylaxis. Samples from healthy controls (HC) and HA patients were drawn in sodium citrate plus corn trypsin inhibitor tubes and spiked with increasing concentrations of pdFVIII/VWF concentrates (10-400 IU/dL) (Fanhdi/Alphanate, Grifols), activated prothrombin complex concentrate (aPCC, 0.

Post-transplant relapse in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the era of CAR-T cell therapy. A multicenter analysis of Grupo Español de Trasplante Hematopoyetico y Terapia Celular (GETH-TC) Pediatric Committee.

Background: The management of relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has evolved significantly. Initially, treatment options were limited to palliative care, salvage chemotherapy, and second HSCT. Currently, the focus has shifted to innovative immunotherapies, particularly CAR T-cell therapy.

High-Power Short-Duration Radiofrequency Application for Faster and Safer Pulmonary Vein Isolation: The POWER-FAST III Trial.

Background: The optimal radiofrequency application (RFa) parameters for safe and durable pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) are debated. High-power short-duration (HPSD) has been used as an alternative to conventional power delivery (CPD).

Objectives: This study sought to compare HPSD 70 W/9-10 s (HPSD-70) with CPD 25-40 W in patients undergoing PVI.

Patient Blood Management: A conceptual and analytical vision from the leadership in Spain.

The evolution of blood saving programs to Patient Blood Management (PBM) represents a broader and more comprehensive approach to optimize the use of the patient's own blood, thus improving clinical outcomes and minimizing the risks associated with allogeneic blood transfusion with a holistic view of socio-economic sustainability. Implementing the strategies of the three PBM pillars in any hospital center involves a transversal change throughout the organization in which it can be very useful to apply the strategy defined by Kotter at the business level for change management. The support of renowned institutions such as the World Health Organization and the European Commission demonstrates the importance and urgency of implementing PBM programs, setting guidelines at an international level and supporting the adoption of effective strategies in the management of blood transfusion at a national and institutional level.

The Clinical Relevance of Prior Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery in Alcohol-Related Liver Disease in a Nationwide Belgian Liver Transplant Population.

Background And Aims: Patients with a history of metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) are susceptible to developing alcohol use disorder. Outcome after transplantation for alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) has not been studied in-depth.

Methods: We included adult patients who underwent a liver transplantation (LT) in Belgium between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2022 for ALD.

Colorectal Robotic-Assisted Surgery in Children. Long-Term Outcomes and Pitfalls.

Background: Colorectal surgical procedures may benefit from a minimally invasive approach in children, although there are few studies.

Methods: A retrospective, single-centre observational study was conducted on paediatric patients who underwent colorectal robotic-assisted surgery between 2011 and 2022.

Results: A total of 50 patients (33 male; 17 female) were included, with a median age of 4.

Position Paper on the Treatment of Eosinophilic Esophagitis With Dupilumab.

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic allergic condition affecting the esophagus and driven by food antigens. Many individuals diagnosed with EoE have other allergic conditions, such as food allergy, asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. The clinical goals of therapy in EoE include symptomatic, histologic, and endoscopic remission.

Cost-effectiveness of a machine learning risk prediction model (LungFlag) in the selection of high-risk individuals for non-small cell lung cancer screening in Spain.

Objective: The LungFlag risk prediction model uses individualized clinical variables to identify individuals at high-risk of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) for screening with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT). This study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of LungFlag implementation in the Spanish setting for the identification of individuals at high-risk of NSCLC.

Methods: A model combining a decision-tree with a Markov model was adapted to the Spanish setting to calculate health outcomes and costs over a lifetime horizon, comparing two hypothetical scenarios: screening with LungFlag versus non-screening, and screening with LungFlag versus screening the entire population meeting 2013 US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) criteria.

Plasma transfusion in the intensive care unit.

Background: Current guidelines discourage prophylactic plasma use in non-bleeding patients. This study assesses global plasma transfusion practices in the intensive care unit (ICU) and their alignment with current guidelines.

Study Design And Methods: This was a sub-study of an international, prospective, observational cohort.

Efficacy and safety of osteoporosis treatment in older adults. Approach for the secondary prevention of fractures in older populations. A proposal by SEFRAOS.

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of the microarchitecture, resulting in bone fragility and risk of fractures. As the life expectancy of the population increases, fragility fractures are expected to become more common. Indeed, the incidence rate for major fracture (hip, vertebra, pelvis, etc.