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Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease affecting all age groups, particularly children. This systematic review provides an overview of the humanistic and economic disease burden in the pediatric population with AD in Spain. The evidence, collected from 11 observational studies published over the past 10 years, exhibits the most common characteristics of the patients, disease burden, patient-reported outcomes, use of resources, and treatment patterns.

Discovery of a DNA methylation profile in individuals with Sifrim-Hitz-Weiss syndrome.

Pathogenic heterozygous variants in CHD4 cause Sifrim-Hitz-Weiss syndrome, a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with brain anomalies, heart defects, macrocephaly, hypogonadism, and additional features with variable expressivity. Most individuals have non-recurrent missense variants, complicating variant interpretation. A few were reported with truncating variants, and their role in disease is unclear.

Does morbid obesity negatively impact perioperative outcomes following elective reverse shoulder arthroplasty?: a propensity-matched comparative study.

Background: The incidence of primary reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) and the prevalence of obesity have increased in the United States. Despite this, the literature assessing the effect of morbid obesity (body mass index≥40 kg/m) on perioperative surgical outcomes remains inconsistent.

Methods: A retrospective review of consecutive elective primary rTSA cases from January 2016 through September 2023 at a single tertiary referral center was performed.

Thirty years later: the lingering effects of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis surgery with third-generation implants on quality of life.

Purpose: To determine patient-reported clinical status in a cohort of patients operated on during adolescence for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) using Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation after a minimum follow-up (FU) of 25 years.

Methods: Multicentric cross-sectional observational study. We assessed the clinical status of patients using the lumbar-pain numeric rating scale (NRS), ODI, SRS-22r, SF-36, and EQ-5D-5L.

An exosome-based liquid biopsy predicts depth of response and survival outcomes to cetuximab and panitumumab in metastatic colorectal cancer: The EXONERATE Study.

PURPOSE EXONERATE (EXOsome and cell-free micro-RNAs of anti-EGFR ResistAnce) was an open-label, biomarker interventional study designed to develop, test, and validate a liquid biopsy predictive of progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and objective response rate (ORR) for first-line EGFR inhibitors in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with newly diagnosed RAS-WT, chemotherapy-naïve mCRC, both right- and left-sided, were enrolled in 2-nationwide trials to receive cetuximab or panitumumab along with chemotherapy. The primary endpoint was 12-month PFS, which was hierarchically tested in left- and right-sided mCRC to predict PFS, OS, and ORR.

Loneliness and social isolation in people with HIV.

Purpose Of Review: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly extended the life expectancy of people with HIV (PWH). However, as this population ages, they face increased risk of social isolation and loneliness (SIL), driven by stigma, discrimination, and shrinking social networks. SIL is a major public health issue, closely linked to mental health conditions, reduced adherence to treatment, and lower health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

How many stroke survivors develop problematic spasticity requiring pharmacological therapy? An international (Europe and USA) observational study protocol.

Introduction: Current care plans for stroke survivors typically focus on acute management, resulting in many stroke survivors being discharged to their communities without adequate follow-up, despite their often experiencing significant post-stroke complications, such as post-stroke spasticity (PSS). While studies have explored the incidence and prevalence of PSS, little is known about how early PSS develops and how many stroke survivors develop 'problematic' PSS that would benefit from pharmacological treatment.

Methods And Analysis: EPITOME is a prospective, international, observational, epidemiological study of participants (aged 18-90 years) who develop paresis within days 3-14 of a first-ever stroke that occurred within the past 4 weeks.

Effect of Pre-Transplant Renal Anticoagulation and Antiplatelet Therapy on Post-Transplant Outcomes: A Retrospective Single-Center Study.

The management of anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy in stage V chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients undergoing renal transplantation remains controversial. Some centers advocate for the use of reversal agents or procoagulants preoperatively, while others suggest that transplantation can proceed safely without halting these treatments. This study aims to evaluate the incidence of hemorrhagic and thrombotic complications in the first 72 hours post-transplant in patients receiving anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy compared to a control group without such treatments.

Recombinant Klotho administration after myocardial infarction reduces ischaemic injury and arrhythmias by blocking intracellular calcium mishandling and CaMKII activation.

Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) remains a major cause of death and morbidity. Klotho is a well-known anti-ageing factor with relevant cardioprotective actions, at least when renal dysfunction is present, but its actions are much less known when renal function is preserved. This study investigated Klotho as a biomarker and potential novel treatment of IHD-associated complications after myocardial infarction (MI) under preserved renal function.

A rare haplotype of the GJD3 gene segregating in familial Meniere's disease interferes with connexin assembly.

Background: Familial Meniere's disease (FMD) is a rare polygenic disorder of the inner ear. Mutations in the connexin gene family, which encodes gap junction proteins, can also cause hearing loss, but their role in FMD is largely unknown.

Methods: We retrieved exome sequencing data from 94 individuals in 70 Meniere's disease (MD) families.

Baricitinib dose reduction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis achieving sustained disease control: Final results from the RA-BEYOND study.

Objective: This study examines the impact of dose step-down in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who achieved sustained disease control with baricitinib 4-mg once-daily up to 96-weeks.

Methods: Patients who completed a baricitinib phase 3 study could enter a long-term extension (LTE). In the LTE, patients who received baricitinib 4-mg for ≥15 months and maintained clinical disease activity index (CDAI) low disease activity (LDA) or remission (REM) were blindly randomized to continue 4-mg or taper to 2-mg.

Empirical antibiotic therapy improves outcomes in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19: An emulated targeted trial within a prospective, multicentre cohort study.

Background: Bacterial pulmonary superinfections develop in a substantial proportion of mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients and are associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation requirements and an increased mortality. Albeit recommended, evidence supporting the use of empirical antibiotics at intubation is weak and of low quality. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of empirical antibiotics, administered within 24hours of endotracheal intubation, on superinfections, duration of mechanical ventilation, and mortality in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19.

Survival with Trastuzumab Emtansine in Residual HER2-Positive Breast Cancer.

Background: Patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive early breast cancer with residual invasive disease after neoadjuvant systemic therapy have a high risk of recurrence and death. The primary analysis of KATHERINE, a phase 3, open-label trial, showed that the risk of invasive breast cancer or death was 50% lower with adjuvant trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) than with trastuzumab alone.

Methods: We randomly assigned patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer with residual invasive disease in the breast or axilla after neoadjuvant systemic treatment with taxane-based chemotherapy and trastuzumab to receive T-DM1 or trastuzumab for 14 cycles.

Validation of the KL6 Method on the G600II Analyser (Lumipulse) for Clinical Use in Interstitial Lung Disease.

The Clinical Laboratory (CL) is involved in the prevention, diagnosis and follow-up of disease, as well as in the monitoring of treatment. For this reason, the CL must have robust quality systems in place in order to provide reliable results that help to ensure correct health care. Since the entry into force of the European regulation (IVDR) on in vitro diagnostic medical devices (EU) 2017/746 has generated the loss of CE marking in some laboratory determinations.

Vitamin D Controversies in the Laboratory Medicine: A Review of Clinical Guidelines and Recommendations.

A narrative review of the main guidelines and recommendations published from 2011 up to date about the status of vitamin D deficiency has been carried out. The objective of this review is to discuss the origin of the controversy about the status of this entity, as well as the evolution of the methodological aspects and clinical situations that require vitamin D screening. The results obtained indicate that the criteria defining vitamin D status, according to two studies published in 2011, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations and the Endocrine Society (ES) guidelines, regardless the affected population.

Humoral and cellular immune responses after 6 months of a heterologous SARS-CoV-2 booster with the protein-based PHH-1V vaccine in a phase IIb trial.

The HIPRA-HH-2 was a multicentre, randomized, active-controlled, double-blind, non-inferiority phase IIb clinical trial comparing the immunogenicity and safety of the PHH-1V adjuvanted recombinant vaccine as a heterologous booster against homologous booster with BNT162b2. Interim results demonstrated strong humoral and cellular immune response against the SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan-Hu-1 strain and the Beta, Delta, and Omicron BA.1 variants up to day 98 post-dosing.

An assessment of burden associated with problem joints in children and adults with moderate or severe haemophilia A: analysis of the CHESS-Paediatrics and CHESS II cross-sectional studies.

Background: Clinical research has offered many definitions and fragmented perspectives of joint morbidity in haemophilia. As joint damage, pain and mobility impairment can be present without clinical record of persistent bleeding, a person-centric joint morbidity characterisation remained a priority for the haemophilia community, giving rise to the 'problem joint' concept. As diagnosing and managing joint morbidity is critical, the aim of this study was to analyse the holistic burden of problem joints in people with moderate or severe haemophilia A (HA).

Characterizing the early relationship between covert narcissism and cognitive empathy in medical students: a cross-sectional study.

Background: In medicine, empathy refers to a predominantly cognitive attribute (rather than an emotional one), which is important as a foundation for positive physician-patient relationships. Physicians with a narcissistic personality trait have an assortment of characteristics that undermine their interpersonal functioning in clinical encounters with their patients. Evidence suggests an inverse relationship between empathy and certain characteristics of a narcissistic personality trait in general population.

SGLT2i and Primary Prevention of Cancer Therapy-Related Cardiac Dysfunction in Patients With Diabetes.

Background: Specific cancer treatments can lead to cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD). Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) can potentially prevent these cardiotoxic effects.

Objectives: This study sought to determine whether SGLT2i use is associated with a lower incidence of CTRCD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cancer, exposed to potentially cardiotoxic antineoplastic agents, and without a prior documented history of cardiomyopathy or heart failure.

Evolution of arterial stiffness and association with cardiovascular risk factors in the Spanish population. Follow-up EVA.

Introduction And Objectives: To analyse the increase of arterial stiffness over a five-year period and its relationship with cardiovascular risk factors and sex-based differences in a Spanish population without cardiovascular disease.

Methods: Longitudinal study. Analysis of the increase in arterial stiffness measures evaluated with SphygmoCor and Vasera of 480 subjects followed for 5 years of the 501 subjects included in the baseline evaluation, selected through random sampling stratified by age and sex, mean age of 55.

Role and applications of [F]FDG PET/CT in the assessment of osteoarticular infection and inflammation - Part II.

[F]FDG PET/TC is an emerging tool in the evaluation of inflammatory arthropathies, characterised by their insidious course and clinical overlap. It allows detection of subclinical inflammation, assessment of systemic involvement and quantification of metabolic parameters useful in early diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring. In rheumatoid arthritis, it correlates with clinical indices (Disease Activity Score), serological markers (CRP, anti-citrullinated protein antibodies) and ultrasound findings, and facilitates the identification of complications such as cardiovascular and pulmonary involvement.