Systematic review of Neuropsychiatric Toxicity in Second Generation Antifungals with an illustrative Case Reports.

Background: Second generation triazole antifungals are extended-spectrum drugs that act against yeasts, molds, and dimorphic fungi. These agents include voriconazole, posaconazole, and isavuconazole. Voriconazole may cause neuropsychiatric toxicity such as hallucinations.

Practical implementation of automated insulin delivery systems in 2025: A French position statement update.

The advent of automated insulin delivery (AID) systems in 2020 marked a disruptive event in managing type 1 diabetes, benefiting children and adults alike. By 2024, advances in real-world data and research motivated an update to the French consensus on AID systems to expand accessibility, refine guidelines, and optimize patient follow-up. AID systems have consistently improved glycemic control by reducing HbA1c, increasing time-in-range (TIR), and minimizing hypoglycemia, with significant benefits even for specific populations such as individuals with poor glycemic control, brittle diabetes, children, very young children, pregnant women, those with insulin resistance or gastroparesis, or after bariatric surgery.

In Vitro Activity of Bacteriophages Against Ocular Methicillin-resistant S. aureus Isolates Collected in the US.

Introduction: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a leading cause of sight-threatening infections in the US. These strains pose a significant challenge in managing ocular infections, as they frequently exhibit resistance to first-line empirical antibiotics. To assess the potential of bacteriophages as innovative topical therapies for treatment of recalcitrant ocular infections, we evaluated the in vitro antimicrobial activity of a set of anti-S.

Spheroids Composed of Reaggregated Neonatal Porcine Islets and Human Endothelial Cells Accelerate Development of Normoglycemia in Diabetic Mice.

The engraftment of transplanted islets depends on the rapid establishment of a novel vascular network. The present study evaluated the effects of cord blood-derived blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOECs) on the viability of neonatal porcine islets (NPIs) and the post-transplant outcome of grafted NPIs. Dispersed NPIs and human BOECs were reaggregated on microwell cell culture plates and tested for their anti-apoptotic and pro-angiogenic capacity by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry.

Perioperative Management During Liver Transplantation: A National Survey From the French Special Interest Group in "Liver Anesthesiology and Intensive Care".

Background: Perioperative management practices in liver transplantation (LT) evolve very quickly. There are few specific recommendations, often based on a low level of evidence, resulting in wide heterogeneity of practices.

Methods: We performed a survey in all 16 French centers in 2021 by focusing on center organization, preoperative cardiovascular assessment, antimicrobial prophylaxis, hemostasis management, intraoperative use of hemodynamic monitoring and renal replacement therapy, immunosuppression, and postoperative prevention of arterial complications and compared it with current recommendations.

Vaccine Effectiveness Dynamics against Influenza and SARS-CoV-2 in Community-tested Patients in France 2023-2024.

Background: The epidemiology of respiratory viruses and vaccine effectiveness (VE) in the community is not well described. This study assessed VE against a positive test of influenza (VEf) and SARS-CoV-2 (VECov).

Methods: Data from two large networks of community-based laboratories in France were collected during standard of care in the 2023-2024 epidemic season (n = 511,083 RT-PCR tests).

Cardiogenic Shock Risk Score at Diagnosis of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: A Multicenter Study.

Severe cardiovascular involvement is associated with mortality in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). This study aimed to test a previously published cardiogenic shock risk score at diagnosis of MIS-C and build a new screening tool in a larger pediatric cohort. The first score published in a single-center cohort (age > 8 years, time to diagnosis ≥ 6 days, and NT-proBNP at diagnosis ≥ 11.

Dietary Intake and Gut Microbiome in Chronic Kidney Disease.

Gut dysbiosis, characterized by an imbalance in the gut microbiota, has emerged as a potential factor influencing chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. This condition plays a crucial role in the gut-kidney axis, where changes in microbial composition can contribute to systemic inflammation and uremic toxin production and ultimately exacerbate kidney damage. Understanding the dynamics of the gut-kidney axis provides new insights into potential therapeutic strategies to mitigate CKD progression.

Fine-tuning circulating oxalate levels to improve transplant strategies in primary hyperoxaluria: what is the ideal threshold in pediatrics?

Background: Interfering RNA therapies (RNAi) have changed the management of patients with hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1); data in dialysis remain scarce.

Results: A PH1 teenager undergoing intensive hemodiafiltration received lumasiran. POx levels almost halved during the loading phase (98 to 52 µmol/L), but rebound occurred when doses were quarterly-spaced, with POx at 94 µmol/L at 5 months.

Hierarchical clustering of clinical and flow cytometry parameters is associated with deterioration in patients with community-acquired pneumonia in the emergency department: A preliminary study.

Anticipating the evolution of septic patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is challenging for front-line physicians in the Emergency Department (ED). Prognosis depends mainly on early identification, antibiotics, organ support, but also immune status. The objective of this proof-of-concept study was to perform a cluster analysis to investigate whether specific phenotypes, including cellular immunology parameters, are associated with the prognosis in patients with CAP presenting to the ED.

The Extent of Pulmonary Vein Electrical Connections Predicts the Success of Stand-Alone Pulmonary Vein Isolation in Persistent Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: Identification of persistent AF (PsAF) patients who may be cured with stand-alone pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) would allow more efficient ablation strategies. Intuitively, the benefit of PVI is expected to be lower when PVs are poorly connected, but this assumption has never been tested.

Objective: Evaluate whether the circumferential extent of PV connections assessed pre-ablation predicts the success rate of PVI.

Ensuring internal quality control practices in medical Laboratories: IFCC recommendations for practical applications based on ISO 15189:2022.

This document describes the guidance on implementing and monitoring an IQC strategy that fulfills the requirements of the Standard ISO 15189:2022. It also explores the practical application of these principles in daily IQC processes within medical laboratories. The goal is to provide a practical, user-friendly resource that not only explains the Standard's requirements but also equips laboratory professionals with the tools and knowledge needed to enhance diagnostic reliability.

PET imaging of functional 5-HT receptors with [F]F13640: From PET kinetics modeling to static Standardized Uptake Values Ratio.

Purpose: F13640 is a highly selective serotonin 5-HT receptor ligand with agonist properties identified as a PET radiopharmaceutical candidate. In previous work, we showed the possibility to use long dynamic PET acquisition (225 min) combined with simplified kinetic modelling for [F]F13640 quantification. In this work, we assessed the feasibility of static acquisition and quantification using standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) as an alternative.

High Mortality Due to Pneumococcal Meningitis in Children With Sickle Cell Disease: A French Multicenter Observational Study From 2001 to 2021.

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) predisposes children to bacterial infections, particularly invasive pneumococcal disease. Pneumococcal immunization associated with antibiotic prophylaxis reduced the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease in these patients. However, the risk remains higher than in the general population.

High-Dose Vitamin D in Clinically Isolated Syndrome Typical of Multiple Sclerosis: The D-Lay MS Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS) and is associated with the risk of disease activity, but data on the benefits of supplementation are conflicting.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of high-dose cholecalciferol as monotherapy in reducing disease activity in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) typical for MS.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The D-Lay MS trial was a parallel, double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial in 36 MS centers in France.

Temporal evolution of functional immune reconstitution after allogeneic HSCT.

Background: Immune reconstitution (IR) following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is currently monitored by measuring the absolute number of immune effectors. However, this approach does not capture functional immune capacities. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the temporal evolution of functional IR alongside traditional immune cell counts measurements.

Coprime dual-VENC for extended velocity dynamic range in 4D Flow MRI.

Background: In the field of cardiovascular imaging, 4D flow MRI provides non-invasive assessment of blood flow. Dual velocity encoding (dual-VENC) strategies have emerged to obtain quantitative information on both low and high blood flow velocities simultaneously. However, these strategies often encounter difficulties in coping with large velocity ranges.

Evolving Models of Community-Based Pediatric Palliative Care in Eight Countries across Latin America.

Context: High-quality pediatric palliative care is best achieved through a comprehensive interdisciplinary effort that actively involves the family and engages resources within the community. Community-based palliative care specifically strives to incorporate palliative care into local healthcare systems, adapting the most suitable model of care to each unique context.

Objectives: In Latin America (LATAM), there is a paucity of palliative care teams, especially pediatric palliative care teams, working outside the hospital setting and immersed in the community.

Prediction of MRI in intra-operative findings for spinal meningeal diseases.

Background: A large variety of spinal meningeal diseases have been described in the literature, and differential diagnosis is often complex, requiring a good knowledge of the different entities and accurate neuroimaging. The purpose of this article was to depict the most relevant diagnostic features on the commonly utilized MRI sequences for the main and most frequent pathologies of the spinal arachnoid and to correlate them with intraoperative findings.

Material And Methods: Five cases harboring each different spinal meningeal diseases were analyzed, illustrated, extensively described, and discussed: arachnoid web, arachnoiditis, idiopathic spinal cord herniation, intradural arachnoid cyst, extradural arachnoid cyst.

Pituitary dysfunction after cranial radiotherapy for brain tumor.

Background: Cranial radiotherapy for extrapituitary brain tumor is a rare cause of acquired pituitary deficiency. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the incidence and time onset of pituitary deficit and to investigate predictive factors.

Material And Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 246 patients referred to our endocrinology department between 2005 and 2021 for hormone testing after radiotherapy for extra-pituitary brain tumor.

The MEF2D::NCOA2 Fusion Defines a Distinct Emerging Vulvovaginal Myxoid Epithelioid Tumor with Smooth Muscle Differentiation.

MEF2D::NCOA2 fusion was recently reported in two vulvovaginal myxoid epithelioid smooth muscle tumors. We aimed to performed an integrated approach combining clinical, morphological, immunohistochemical, and molecular profiling analyses, including targeted-RNA-sequencing, targeted-gene expression analysis profiling with clustering, DNA mutational analysis, and array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) in a series of three MEF2D::NCOA2 fusion-associated vulvovaginal tumors, to better described this entity. The median age at diagnosis was 45 years.

The impact of primary decompressive craniectomy in ruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysms with intraparenchymal hematoma.

Background: Ruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysm (MCAa) with intraparenchymal hematoma (IPH) can benefit at the same time from evacuation of the hematoma and exclusion of the aneurysm of a decompressive craniectomy (DC). To date, there are no clear recommendations for performing a DC in such cases.

Methods: We retrospectively collected data from nine French neurosurgical units from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2020.