Interaction of Polygenetic Variants for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Risk with Breastfeeding and Korean Balanced Diet to Influence Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Later Life in a Large Hospital-Based Cohort.

The etiologies of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are similar. Genetic and environmental factors interact to influence the risk of both types of diabetes. We aimed to determine if the polygenetic risk scores (PRS) for GDM risk interacted with lifestyles to influence type 2 diabetes risk in women aged >40 years in a large hospital-based city cohort.

Alleviation of Androgenetic Alopecia with Aqueous and Extract Intake through Suppressing the Steroid Hormone and Inflammatory Pathway.

Pallas (PL) and Wolf (PC) have been traditionally used to treat inflammatory diseases reported in Dongui Bogam and Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing, traditional medical books in Korean and China, respectively. We determined the efficacies and the molecular mechanisms of PL, PC, and PL + PC aqueous extracts on androgenetic alopecia (AGA) induced by testosterone propionate in C57BL/6 mice. The molecular mechanisms of PL and PC in AGA treatment were examined using experimental assays and network pharmacology.

Mathematical Modelling of Canola Oil Biodegradation and Optimisation of Biosurfactant Production by an Antarctic Bacterial Consortium Using Response Surface Methodology.

An Antarctic soil bacterial consortium (reference BS14) was confirmed to biodegrade canola oil, and kinetic studies on this biodegradation were carried out. The purpose of this study was to examine the ability of BS14 to produce biosurfactants during the biodegradation of canola oil. Secondary mathematical equations were chosen for kinetic analyses (Monod, Haldane, Teissier-Edwards, Aiba and Yano models).

Alleviation of Neuronal Cell Death and Memory Deficit with Chungkookjang Made with and Potentially through Promoting Gut-Brain Axis in Artery-Occluded Gerbils.

Short-term fermented soybeans (chungkookjang) with specific spp. have anti-obesity, antidiabetic, and anti-stroke functions. We examined the hypothesis that the long-term consumption of SCGB 1 fermented (CKJ1) and SCDB 291 (CKJ291) chungkookjang can alleviate clinical symptoms and hyperglycemia after ischemic stroke by promoting the gut microbiota-brain axis.

Why Workers Hesitate to Report Their Work-Related Musculoskeletal Symptoms: A Survey at a Korean Semiconductor Company.

Underreporting work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSD) has been an issue in South Korea. The purpose of this survey was to figure out how many employees of a semiconductor and liquid crystal display company in South Korea experience WRMSDs and what the possible obstacles in reporting to the company are. A survey was developed with demographic questions, perceived WRMSD symptoms, and reasons for reporting or not reporting WRMSD.

Young adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, defined using the fatty liver index, can be at increased risk of myocardial infarction or stroke.

Aim: To investigate the relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cardiovascular events among a nationally representative sample of young adults in Korea.

Methods And Results: This population-based cohort study from the Korean National Health Insurance Service included adults who were aged 20 to 39 years when they underwent a health examination between 2009 and 2012. NAFLD was defined as a fatty liver index (FLI) ≥60, and participants were divided into three groups according to FLI (<30, 30-59 and ≥60) to investigate the dose-dependent effect of FLI score.

Classification of Mouse Lung Metastatic Tumor with Deep Learning.

Traditionally, pathologists microscopically examine tissue sections to detect pathological lesions; the many slides that must be evaluated impose severe work burdens. Also, diagnostic accuracy varies by pathologist training and experience; better diagnostic tools are required. Given the rapid development of computer vision, automated deep learning is now used to classify microscopic images, including medical images.

A calcium channel blocker, manoalide exerts an anti-allergic inflammatory effect through attenuating NF-κB activity.

Background: Many people are troubled by allergic inflammation including ocular allergic diseases, anaphylaxis, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and eczema. Consequently, finding medications for use in allergic inflammation therapy is crucial in human health. Manoalide, a marine natural product isolated as an anti-bacterial metabolite from , is a calcium channel blocker.

Wound Healing-Promoting and Melanogenesis-Inhibiting Activities of Maxim. Flower Absolute In Vitro and Its Chemical Composition.

Maxim. (APM) is used in traditional medicine to treat chronic gastritis, rheumatic pain, and duodenal bulbar ulcers. However, it is not known whether APM has epidermis-associated biological activities.

Effects and Mechanism of Surface Water Wettability and Operating Frequency on Response Linearity of Flexible IDE Capacitive Humidity Sensor.

Flexible capacitive humidity sensors are promising for low-cost, wearable, and radio frequency identification sensors, but their nonlinear response is an important issue for practical applications. Herein, the linearity of humidity response was controlled by surface water wettability and operating frequency of sensor, and the mechanism was explained in detail by surface water condensation. For a sensor with a Ag interdigitated electrode (IDE) on a poly(ethylene terephthalate) substrate, the capacitance showed a small linear increase with humidity up to 70% RH but a large nonlinear increase in the higher range.

Estimation of Health-Related Physical Fitness (HRPF) Levels of the General Public Using Artificial Neural Network with the National Fitness Award (NFA) Datasets.

Estimation of health-related physical fitness (HRPF) levels of individuals is indispensable for providing personalized training programs in smart fitness services. In this study, we propose an artificial neural network (ANN)-based estimation model to predict HRPF levels of the general public using simple affordable physical information. The model is designed to use seven inputs of personal physical information, including age, gender, height, weight, percent body fat, waist circumference, and body mass index (BMI), to estimate levels of muscle strength, flexibility, maximum rate of oxygen consumption (VO), and muscular endurance.

Constitutively Activating Mutants of Equine LH/CGR Constitutively Induce Signal Transduction and Inactivating Mutations Impair Biological Activity and Cell-Surface Receptor Loss In Vitro.

The signal transduction of the equine lutropin/choriogonadotropin receptor (eLH/CGR) is unclear in naturally occurring activating/inactivating mutants of this receptor, which plays an important role in reproductive physiology. We undertook the present study to determine whether conserved structurally related mutations in eLH/CGR exhibit similar mechanisms of signal transduction. We constructed four constitutively activating mutants (M398T, L457R, D564G, and D578Y) and three inactivating mutants (D405N, R464H, and Y546F); measured cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) accumulation via homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence assays in Chinese hamster ovary cells; and investigated cell-surface receptor loss using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in human embryonic kidney 293 cells.

Patients' and Families' Experiences Regarding Disclosure of Patient Safety Incidents.

In South Korea, disclosure of patients' safety incidents is not common in health care settings. Thus, this study identified patients' and families' experiences regarding disclosure of patient safety incidents. Data were collected through in-depth individual interviews from May 25, 2020, to June 23, 2020, and analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological method.

Association between IL-10 rs3024505 and susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the small intestine, colon, and rectum. We evaluated associations between the interleukin 10 (IL-10) rs3024505 polymorphism and IBD, ulcerative colitis (UC), and Crohn's disease (CD) by meta-analysis. All peer-reviewed manuscripts concerning the relationship between IL-10_rs3024505 and IBD identified by searing the PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Chinese Medical Database were examined.

Lack of Acceptance of Digital Healthcare in the Medical Market: Addressing Old Problems Raised by Various Clinical Professionals and Developing Possible Solutions.

Various digital healthcare devices and apps, such as blood glucose meters, blood pressure monitors, and step-trackers are commonly used by patients; however, digital healthcare devices have not been widely accepted in the medical market as of yet. Despite the various legal and privacy issues involved in their use, the main reason for its poor acceptance is that users do not use such devices voluntarily and continuously. Digital healthcare devices generally do not provide valuable information to users except for tracking self-checked glucose or walking.

Extracts from the Leaves of Ameliorate High-Fat Diet-Induced Memory Deficits in Mice.

We investigated the effects of leaf extract (CVE) on a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and memory deficits. Male mice (5 weeks of age) were fed vehicle (distilled water), or 30, 100, or 300 mg/kg of CVE once a day for 8 weeks with an HFD. Treatment with CVE resulted in lower body weight and glucose levels in a concentration- and feeding time-dependent manner.

Association of Polygenetic Risk Scores Related to Immunity and Inflammation with Hyperthyroidism Risk and Interactions between the Polygenetic Scores and Dietary Factors in a Large Cohort.

Graves's disease and thyroiditis induce hyperthyroidism, the causes of which remain unclear, although they are involved with genetic and environmental factors. We aimed to evaluate polygenetic variants for hyperthyroidism risk and their interaction with metabolic parameters and nutritional intakes in an urban hospital-based cohort. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) of participants with (cases;  = 842) and without (controls,  = 38,799) hyperthyroidism was used to identify and select genetic variants.

Association between polygenetic risk scores related to sarcopenia risk and their interactions with regular exercise in a large cohort of Korean adults.

Background & Aims: Sarcopenia elevates metabolic disorders in the elderly, and genetic and environmental factors influence the risk of sarcopenia. The purpose of the study was to examine the hypothesis that polygenetic variants for sarcopenic risk had interactions with metabolic disorders and lifestyles associated with sarcopenia risk in adults >50 years in a large urban hospital cohort.

Methods: Sarcopenia was defined as an appendicular skeletal muscle mass/body weight (SMI) < 29.

Detoxification of Bee Venom Increases Its Anti-inflammatory Activity and Decreases Its Cytotoxicity and Allergenic Activity.

Bee venom is a medicinal product that is widely used in traditional therapies owing to its excellent anti-inflammatory activity. However, the use of bee venom has shown adverse effects. Therefore, there is a need for research that can remove the cytotoxicity of bee venom and enhance its efficacy.

Roles of N-linked and O-linked glycosylation sites in the activity of equine chorionic gonadotropin in cells expressing rat luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptor and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor.

Background: Equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG), which comprises highly glycosylated α-subunit and β-subunit, is a unique member of the glycoprotein hormone family as it elicits both follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-like and luteinizing hormone (LH)-like responses in non-equid species. To examine the biological function of glycosylated sites in eCG, the following glycosylation site mutants were constructed: eCGβ/αΔ56, substitution of Asn of α-subunit with Gln; eCGβ-D/α, deletion of the O-linked glycosylation site at the carboxyl-terminal peptide (CTP) region of the β-subunit; eCGβ-D/αΔ56, double mutant. The recombinant eCG (rec-eCG) mutants were expressed in Chinese hamster ovary suspension (CHO-S) cells.

Functional characterization of naturally-occurring constitutively activating/inactivating mutations in equine follicle-stimulating hormone receptor.

Objective: Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is the central hormone involved in mammalian reproduction, maturation at puberty, and gamete production that mediates its function by control of follicle growth and function. The present study investigated the mutations involved in the regulation of FSH receptor (FSHR) activation.

Methods: We analyzed seven naturally-occurring mutations that were previously reported in human FSHR (hFSHR), in the context of equine FSHR (eFSHR); these include one constitutively activation variant, one allelic variant, and five inactivating variants.

Association between Polygenetic Risk Scores of Low Immunity and Interactions between These Scores and Moderate Fat Intake in a Large Cohort.

White blood cell (WBC) counts represent overall immunity. However, a few studies have been conducted to explore the genetic impacts of immunity and their interaction with lifestyles. We aimed to identify genetic variants associated with a low-WBC risk and document interactions between polygenetic risk scores (PRS), lifestyle factors, and nutrient intakes that influence low-WBC risk in a large hospital-based cohort.

Enhancement of electrode performance through surface modification using carbon nanotubes and porous gold nanostructures.

Recently, the demand for the sensitive detection of nanomaterials and biomolecules has been increasing for evaluating the toxicity of nanomaterials and early diagnosis of diseases. Although many studies have developed new detection assays, these are heavily influenced by the capabilities of the detection equipment. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to improve electrode performance by modifying the surface of the detection electrode using a simple method.

Regular exercise, alcohol consumption, and smoking interact with the polygenetic risk scores involved in insulin sensitivity and secretion for the risk of concurrent hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.

Objectives: 3GO, defined as the simultaneous presence of hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia, is rising in Asians. We determined polygenetic risk scores (PRS) for 3GO risk and the interactions between PRS and lifestyle habits on 3GO risk in Korean adults aged 40 to 77 y recruited from the urban hospital cohort of the Korean Genomic and Epidemiology Study (KoGES), conducted from 2004 to 2013.

Methods: Participants were divided into a group with 3GO (n = 570) and a group without any of the three components of 3GO (0GO; n = 14 155).