High performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry quantification of tryptophan metabolites in human serum and stool - Application to clinical cohorts in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.

Tryptophan, an essential amino acid, and its metabolites are involved in many physiological processes including neuronal functions, immune system, and gut homeostasis. Alterations to tryptophan metabolism are associated with various pathologies such as neurologic, psychiatric disorders, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), metabolic disorders, and cancer. It is consequently critical to develop a reliable, quantitative method for the analysis of tryptophan and its downstream metabolites from the kynurenine, serotonin, and indoles pathways.

Differentiating high-grade glioma progression from treatment-related changes with dynamic [F]FDOPA PET: a multicentric study.

Objectives: Diagnostic accuracy of amino-acid PET for distinguishing progression from treatment-related changes (TRC) is currently based on single-center non-homogeneous glioma populations. Our study assesses the diagnostic value of static and dynamic [F]FDOPA PET acquisitions to differentiate between high-grade glioma (HGG) recurrence and TRC in a large cohort sourced from two independent nuclear medicine centers.

Methods: We retrospectively identified 106 patients with suspected glioma recurrences (WHO GIII, n = 38; GIV, n = 68; IDH-mutant, n = 35, IDH-wildtype, n = 71).

Antibiotics in mastoid and epitympanic obliteration with S53P4 bioactive glass: A retrospective study.

Objective: The role of antibiotics in ear surgery is still controversial. The aim of this study was to assess their need in cholesteatoma surgery when performing obliteration with S53P4 bioactive glass, a biocompatible material with antibacterial properties.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary referral center between January 2017 and May 2019.

Freezing of gait depends on cortico-subthalamic network recruitment following STN-DBS in PD patients.

Introduction: Subthalamic deep-brain-stimulation (STN-DBS) is an effective means to treat Parkinson's disease (PD) symptoms. Its benefit on gait disorders is variable, with freezing of gait (FOG) worsening in about 30% of cases. Here, we investigate the clinical and anatomical features that could explain post-operative FOG.

Normal-high IGF-1 level improves pregnancy rate after ovarian stimulation in women treated with growth hormone replacement therapy.

Objective: Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are not mandatory for reproductive life, but data suggest their synergistic action with follicle-stimulating hormone throughout ovarian folliculogenesis. We aimed to evaluate the association of IGF-1 level on clinical pregnancy rate after ovarian stimulation, with or without intrauterine insemination, in women with GH deficiency (GHD) treated with GH replacement therapy (GHRT) at conception.

Design And Methods: Data from 19 women with both GHD and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism referred to our reproductive medicine department were retrospectively collected.

Effect of Cholinesterase Inhibitors on Mortality in Patients With Dementia: A Systematic Review of Randomized and Nonrandomized Trials.

Background And Objectives: Cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) have cardiovascular effects in addition to their neurologic activity and might alter mortality. We wanted to know whether treatment with ChEIs modifies mortality in patients with dementia.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.

Role of Positron Emission Tomography in Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma.

The incidence of primary central nervous system lymphoma has increased over the past two decades in immunocompetent patients and the prognosis remains poor. A diagnosis and complete evaluation of the patient is needed without delay, but histologic evaluation is not always available and PCNSL can mimic a variety of brain lesions on MRI. In this article, we review the potential role of F-FDG PET for the diagnosis of PCNSL in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients.

Hypofractionated postoperative stereotactic radiotherapy for large resected brain metastases.

Purpose: The aim of the present retrospective study was to report outcomes after hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (HSRT) for resected brain metastases (BM).

Patients And Methods: We reviewed results of patients with resected BM treated with postoperative HSRT (3×7.7Gy to the prescription isodose 70%) between May 2013 and June 2020.

Update of Perinatal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Transmission in France: Zero Transmission for 5482 Mothers on Continuous Antiretroviral Therapy From Conception and With Undetectable Viral Load at Delivery.

Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is remarkably effective in preventing perinatal transmission (PT) of HIV-1. We evaluated the PT rate in a population of women with widespread access to ART before conception.

Methods: The analysis included 14 630 women with HIV-1 who delivered from 2000 to 2017 at centers participating in the nationwide prospective multicenter French Perinatal Cohort (ANRS-EPF).

Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Metastasis Suppressors NME1 and NME2 Modify Lipid Metabolism in Fibroblasts.

Nowadays, extracellular vesicles (EVs) raise a great interest as they are implicated in intercellular communication between cancer and stromal cells. Our aim was to understand how vesicular NME1 and NME2 released by breast cancer cells influence the tumour microenvironment. As a model, we used human invasive breast carcinoma cells overexpressing NME1 or NME2, and first analysed in detail the presence of both isoforms in EV subtypes by capillary Western immunoassay (WES) and immunoelectron microscopy.

Viral suppression and HIV-1 drug resistance 1 year after pragmatic transitioning to dolutegravir first-line therapy in Malawi: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Many countries are now replacing non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) with a regimen containing tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, lamivudine, and dolutegravir (TLD). Recognising laboratory limitations, Malawi opted to transition those on NNRTI-based first-line ART to TLD without viral load testing. We aimed to assess viral load and HIV drug resistance during 1 year following transition to TLD without previous viral load testing.

Intrasaccular flow disruption for ruptured aneurysms: an international multicenter study.

Background: The Woven EndoBridge (WEB) device is a novel intrasaccular flow disruptor tailored for bifurcation aneurysms. We aim to describe the degree of aneurysm occlusion at the latest follow-up, and the rate of complications of aneurysms treated with the WEB device stratified according to rupture status.

Methods: Our data were taken from the WorldWideWeb Consortium, an international multicenter cohort including patients treated with the WEB device.

Effectiveness of Geriatric Assessment-Driven Interventions on Survival and Functional and Nutritional Status in Older Patients with Head and Neck Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial (EGeSOR).

This study assesses the efficacy of Geriatric Assessment (GA)-driven interventions and follow-up on six-month mortality, functional, and nutritional status in older patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). HNC patients aged 65 years or over were included between November 2013 and September 2018 by 15 Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) and maxillofacial surgery departments at 13 centers in France. The study was of an open-label, multicenter, randomized, controlled, and parallel-group design, with independent outcome assessments.

High seroconversion rate and SARS-CoV-2 Delta neutralization in people with HIV vaccinated with BNT162b2.

Objectives: To assess humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 Delta-variant in people with HIV (PWH) after BNT162b2-vaccination.

Design: Multicenter cohort study of PWH with CD4 + cell count less than 500 cells/μl and viral load less than 50 copies/ml on stable antiretroviral therapy for at least 3 months.

Methods: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding-domain IgG antibodies (anti-RBD IgG) were quantified and neutralization capacity was evaluated by ELISA/GenScript and virus-neutralization-test against the D614G-strain, beta and delta variants before vaccination (day 0) and 1 month after complete schedule (M1).

Performance accuracy, advantages and limitations of a store-and-forward teledermatology platform developed for general practitioners: A retrospective study of 298 cases.

Background: Store-and-forward (SAF) tele-dermatology (TD) platforms could help promote coordination between hospital and general practitioners (GPs). However, very little data exists on the performance accuracy and opinions of GPs participating in this type of project in France.

Methods: We report on the diagnostic and management plan accuracy of an SAF-TD platform developed for neighbouring GPs around our hospital compared with routine face-to-face (FTF) dermatological consultation in our department.

Weaning of maintenance immunosuppressive therapy in lupus nephritis (WIN-Lupus): results of a multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: Lupus nephritis (LN) is a frequent complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Severe (proliferative) forms of LN are treated with induction immunosuppressive therapy (IST), followed by maintenance IST, to target remission and avoid relapses. The optimal duration of maintenance IST is unknown.

Case Report: Immune Checkpoint Blockade Plus Interferon-Γ Add-On Antifungal Therapy in the Treatment of Refractory Covid-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis and Cerebral Mucormycosis.

Invasive fungal diseases (IFD) still cause substantial morbidity and mortality, and new therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. Recent data suggest a benefit of checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). We report the case of a diabetic patient with refractory IFD following a SARSCoV-2 infection treated by ICI and interferon-gamma associated with antifungal treatment.

Trajectory Pattern of Cognitive Decline in Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy With Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy.

Background And Objectives: The course and pattern of cognitive decline in ischemic cerebral small vessel disease remain poorly characterized. We analyzed the trajectory pattern of cognitive decline from age 25 to 75 years in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL).

Methods: We applied latent process mixed models to data obtained from patients with CADASIL who were repeatedly scored during their follow-up using 16 selected clinical scales or cognitive tests.

Quality control in PET/CT and PET/MRI: Results of a survey amongst European countries.

Purpose: An EFOMP Working Group (WG) was created in 2020 to establish recommendations for PET/CT/MRI Quality Control (QC). The WG's intention was to create a document containing a set of measurements suitable for routine practice. In order to map the current situation in PET facilities, the WG prepared a survey addressed to European Medical Physics Experts (MPE).

Selected plasma oxysterols as a potential multi-marker biosignature panel for Behçet's Disease.

Clinical, genetic, and medical evidence has shown the inflammatory vasculitis aspect of Behçet's Disease (BD). Whereas oxysterols are vital factors in inflammation and oxidative stress, it is still unknown whether they are involved in the pathophysiology of BD. The current study aims to explore the profile of oxysterols in plasma of BD patients.