[Child and adolescent obesity: what assessment?].

WHAT ASSESSMENT? The prescription of laboratory tests or imaging in obese children and adolescents should be guided by the clinical features. It recognizes two main objectives: to eliminate a differential diagnosis (in particular, due to hypercorticism or hypothyroidism) and to detect the presence of comorbidities, assuming that some complications of obesity in adults can be sometimes present even in young age.

Risk of Admission to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit for SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron Infections.

Background: The severity of SARS-CoV-2-related diseases in children remains unclear. This study aimed to describe the incidence of French pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) admissions with acute COVID-19, incidental positive SARS-CoV-2 test result, and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) during the delta and omicron variant periods.

Methods: This study used the French PICU registry to obtain data on all patients admitted to 41 French PICUs diagnosed with acute COVID-19, incidental positive SARS-CoV-2 test result, or MIS-C between August 30, 2021 and April 20, 2022.

PERFUSE: Non-Interventional Cohort Study of Patients Receiving Infliximab Biosimilar SB2: Results in Pediatric Patients.

Objectives: PERFUSE is a non-interventional study of 1233 patients [inflammatory rheumatic disease, n = 496; inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), n = 737] receiving infliximab (IFX) biosimilar SB2 therapy. This analysis describes response to treatment and persistence on SB2 for up to 12 months in pediatric IBD patients (n = 126).

Methods: Pediatric IBD patients with Crohn disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC), either naïve or switched from originator IFX, who started SB2 in routine practice after September 2017 were eligible.

Early urine output monitoring in very preterm infants to predict in-hospital neonatal outcomes: a bicentric retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate whether urine output (UO), rarely assessed in the literature, is associated with relevant neonatal outcomes in very preterm infants, and which UO threshold may be the most clinically relevant.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Two Level IV neonatal intensive care units.

Mental health troubles among Cameroonian adolescents perinatally infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

Introduction: Adolescents living with HIV are more likely to experience mental health challenges compared to their peers who do not have HIV. However, there is a lack of data regarding the mental health of adolescents living with HIV in Cameroon. Understanding risk factors and protective factors that influence mental health amongst adolescents is critical for effective programming.

Nonskeletal and skeletal effects of high doses versus low doses of vitamin D in renal transplant recipients: Results of the VITALE (VITamin D supplementation in renAL transplant recipients) study, a randomized clinical trial.

Vitamin D sufficiency is associated with a reduced risk of fractures, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular events, and cancers, which are frequent complications after renal transplantation. The VITALE (VITamin D supplementation in renAL transplant recipients) study is a multicenter double-blind randomized trial, including nondiabetic adult renal transplant recipients with serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH) vitamin D) levels of <30 ng/mL, which is randomized 12 to 48 months after transplantation to receive high (100 000 IU) or low doses (12 000 IU) of cholecalciferol every 2 weeks for 2 months and then monthly for 22 months. The primary outcome was a composite endpoint, including diabetes mellitus, major cardiovascular events, cancer, and death.

Breast Cancer Care Pathways for Women with Preexisting Severe Mental Disorders: Evidence of Disparities in France?

The excess cancer mortality in persons with severe mental illness (SMI) has been well documented, and research suggests that it may be influenced by care-related factors. Our objective was to assess breast cancer care pathways in women with SMI in France, using an exhaustive population-based data-linkage study with a matched case-control design. The cases were 1346 women with incident breast cancer in 2013/2014 and preexisting SMI who were matched with three controls without SMI presenting similar demographics, initial breast cancer type, and year of incidence.

A Smoking Prevention Intervention Among Young People in an Online Community Game: Results from a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Innovative methods for smoking prevention interventions need to be investigated to increase attractiveness, access hard-to-reach populations, and increase effectiveness. We studied the feasibility and immediate effects of an intervention to reinforce norms and behaviors of young people related to antismoking, integrated into a popular online community game. A pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted through the HABBO online community.

Glucocorticoid induced adrenal insufficiency in children: Morning cortisol values to avoid LDSST.

Objectives: Glucocorticoid-induced adrenal insufficiency (GI-AI) is a common side effect of glucocorticoid therapy. However, its diagnosis currently relies on the realization of a Low Dose Short Synacthen Test (LD-SST) that requires an outpatient hospital and several blood samples. Our goal was to evaluate whether morning cortisol values could predict the response to LD-SST, in children, to avoid useless dynamic tests and facilitate diagnosis of glucocorticoid induced adrenal insufficiency.

[Excess mortality of people living with a mental disorder: lessons from literature and perspectives].

Aim: Considering the persistent excess mortality of people living with a mental disorder, this article provides an overview of potential causes to identify relevant research perspectives and to support the development of short-term measures in the French context.

Methods: We rely on a narrative review of the literature, both quantitative and qualitative, to define a conceptual framework of the different factors which could contribute to this excess mortality. Particular attention is given to research carried out in France to identify possible measures to implement in line with the specificities of the national context.

Preclinical Evaluation of a Novel Small Molecule Inhibitor of LIM Kinases (LIMK) CEL_Amide in Philadelphia-Chromosome Positive () Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL).

Ph+ () B-ALL was considered to be high risk, but recent advances in -targeting TKIs has shown improved outcomes in combination with backbone chemotherapy. Nevertheless, new treatment strategies are needed, including approaches without chemotherapy for elderly patients. LIMK1/2 acts downstream from various signaling pathways, which modifies cytoskeleton dynamics via phosphorylation of cofilin.

LAMA2-Related Muscular Dystrophy: The Importance of Accurate Phenotyping and Brain Imaging in the Diagnosis of LGMD.

We report three siblings from a non-consanguineous family presenting with contractural limb-girdle phenotype with intrafamilial variability. Muscle MRI showed posterior thigh and quadriceps involvement with a sandwich-like sign. Whole-exome sequencing identified two compound heterozygous missense TTN variants and one heterozygous LAMA2 variant.

Genotype-phenotype Description of Vitamin D-dependent Rickets 1A: CYP27B1 p.(Ala129Thr) Variant Induces a Milder Disease.

Introduction: Vitamin D-dependent rickets type 1A (VDDR1A) is a rare genetic disease associated with loss-of-function variations in the gene encoding the vitamin D-activating enzyme 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1). Phenotype-genotype correlation is unclear. Long-term outcome data are lacking.

Three-year results from phase I of ZUMA-4: KTE-X19 in pediatric relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Here we present the 3-year results of ZUMA-4, a phase I/II multicenter study evaluating the safety and efficacy of KTEX19, an autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, in pediatric/adolescent patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Phase I explored two dose levels and formulations. The primary endpoint was the incidence of dose-limiting toxicities.

Phase 1b study of carfilzomib with induction chemotherapy in pediatric relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer diagnosed in childhood. Survival for patients following relapse remains poor, and achieving complete remission (CR) after relapse is the first critical step to cure. Carfilzomib is a proteasome inhibitor with an acceptable safety profile and clinical activity in adults with multiple myeloma but has not been assessed in children.

ROHHAD syndrome without rapid-onset obesity: A diagnosis challenge.

Background: ROHHAD syndrome (Rapid-onset Obesity with Hypothalamic dysfunction, Hypoventilation and Autonomic Dysregulation) is rare. Rapid-onset morbid obesity is usually the first recognizable sign of this syndrome, however a subset of patients develop ROHHAD syndrome without obesity. The prevalence of this entity is currently unknown.

Outcome of COVID-19 in patients with rheumatic and inflammatory diseases treated with mycophenolic acid: data from the French RMD COVID-19 cohort.

Background: Patients with inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (iRMD) receiving mycophenolic acid (MPA) may have a less favourable outcome from COVID-19 infection. Our aim was to investigate whether MPA treatment is associated with severe infection and/or death.

Methods: IRMD patients with and without MPA treatment with highly suspected/confirmed COVID-19 were included in this observational multicentre study.

Tisagenlecleucel therapy for relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in infants and children younger than 3 years of age at screening: an international, multicentre, retrospective cohort study.

Background: Children aged younger than 3 years were excluded from the ELIANA phase 2 trial of tisagenlecleucel in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. The feasibility, safety, and activity of tisagenlecleucel have not been defined in this group, the majority of whom have high-risk (KMT2A-rearranged) infant acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and historically poor outcomes despite intensification of chemotherapy, and for whom novel therapies are urgently needed. We aimed to provide real-world outcome analysis of the feasibility, activity, and safety of tisagenlecleucel in younger children and infants with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.