Hookworm infection and its determinants among schoolchildren in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Hookworm infection is a common problem among schoolchildren and mothers in tropical and subtropical countries, causing cognitive impairment, growth retardation in children and anaemia, low birth weight, preterm birth, and intrauterine growth delay in susceptible mothers. Since schoolchildren generally have a higher prevalence due to behavioral and hygiene-related factors, our systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors for Hookworm infection among schoolchildren in Ethiopia.

Methods: Relevant studies were retrieved from several search databases.

Investigation of the Occurrence of Zoonotic Intestinal Parasites along the Karmanasa River Bank in Lalitpur, Nepal.

Introduction: Increasing urbanization has particularly affected rivers and their outer edges in cities, including Kathmandu Valley, which encompasses Lalitpur, the nation's third-largest city. This study aims to conduct a parasitological survey to investigate the occurrence of zoonotic intestinal protozoa and helminths along the Karmanasa River bank in central Nepal.

Methods: Faecal samples from openly defaecating animals were collected via non-invasive techniques, and coproscopy was carried out using direct wet mount, concentration and acid-fast staining methods to ensure reliable findings.

Morphological identification of hookworm species in five regions of Cameroon.

Infections with hookworms ( and ) remain a major public health problem in low- and middle-income countries. However, the information about the distribution of each species is inaccurate in many countries since their traditional diagnosis is based only on the identification of eggs in stool under a microscope. We aimed to identify the prevalence of hookworm species using morphological stools to identify L3 larvae to gain insights into the distribution of both species in five regions of Cameroon.

Survey on canine hookworms: Knowledge, perceptions and practices among U.S. veterinarians.

Canine hookworms (Ancylostoma caninum) are highly prevalent in pet dogs in the United States of America (U.S.).

High-Throughput Screening of More Than 30,000 Compounds for Anthelmintics against Gastrointestinal Nematode Parasites.

Gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) are among the most common parasites of humans, livestock, and companion animals. GIN parasites infect 1-2 billion people worldwide, significantly impacting hundreds of millions of children, pregnant women, and adult workers, thereby perpetuating poverty. Two benzimidazoles with suboptimal efficacy are currently used to treat GINs in humans as part of mass drug administrations, with many instances of lower-than-expected or poor efficacy and possible resistance.

Benzimidazole Resistance-Associated Mutations in the β-tubulin Gene of Hookworms: A Systematic Review.

There is a growing number of reports on the occurrence of benzimidazole resistance-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the β-tubulin isotype 1 gene of various helminths of veterinary, and public health concerns. However, a comprehensive analysis of their occurrence, and their contributions to conferring benzimidazole resistance among hookworms has yet to be done. The objectives of this systematic review are to summarize and synthesize peer-reviewed evidence on the occurrence of these resistance-associated mutations in hookworms, document their geographical distribution, and assess their contributions to conferring phenotypic resistance.

A Small Intestinal Helminth Infection Alters Colonic Mucus and Shapes the Colonic Mucus Microbiome.

Infecting humans with controlled doses of small intestinal helminths, such as human hookworm, is proposed as a therapy for the colonic inflammatory disease ulcerative colitis. Strengthening the colonic mucus barrier is a potential mechanism by which small intestinal helminths could treat ulcerative colitis. In this study, we compare C57BL/6 mice infected with the small intestinal helminth and uninfected controls to investigate changes in colonic mucus.

Diversity and Prevalence of Helminths and Protozoa Among Pregnant Women in Tropical Ecuador: Implications for Chemotherapy.

Deworming for pregnant women using a single dose of albendazole or mebendazole is recommended by the WHO in areas where the baseline prevalence of hookworm and/or trichuriasis is >20%. However, other helminths and protozoa infecting pregnant women are not affected by these drugs and dosages. To assess the prevalence and diversity of intestinal helminth and protozoan infections, we analyzed stool samples from pregnant women recently enrolled into a birth cohort, along a rural-urban gradient in northern coastal Ecuador from 2019 to 2022.

Co-infection of and soil-transmitted helminth among pregnant women in Abaya district, South Ethiopia: A community-based study.

Objectives: Co-infection of malaria with helminths poses significant risks, including fetomaternal hemorrhage, fetal growth retardation, spontaneous abortion, and preterm delivery. However, there is a lack of community studies to demonstrate the prevalence of co-infection of helminths with and soil-transmitted helminths (STH) and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia.

Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 287 randomly selected pregnant women in the Abaya district from September to December 2022.

High-throughput screening of more than 30,000 compounds for anthelmintics against gastrointestinal nematode parasites.

Gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) are amongst the most common parasites of humans, livestock, and companion animals. GIN parasites infect 1-2 billion people worldwide, significantly impacting hundreds of millions of children, pregnant women, and adult workers, thereby perpetuating poverty. Two benzimidazoles with suboptimal efficacy are currently used to treat GINs in humans as part of mass drug administrations, with many instances of lower-than-expected or poor efficacy and possible resistance.

Unveiling soil-transmitted helminth infections and associated risk factors in rural primary schoolchildren in Malaysia.

Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) are known as one of the neglected parasitic diseases, leading to significant health issues and associated complications. This study aims to assess the current prevalence of STH infections and the associated risk factors among rural primary schoolchildren in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 638 schoolchildren (7-11 years old) from 10 rural primary schools in five regions of Malaysia.