Effect of lignin-blocking agent on enzyme hydrolysis of acid pretreated hemp waste.

Hemp wastes (stems and branches), fractionated after hemp flower extraction for the production of cannabidiol oil, were utilized as a potentially renewable resource for the sugar flatform process. Hydrolysis of cellulose from the acid pretreated hemp biomass using a commercial enzyme was tested and evaluated for its chemical composition, morphological change, and sugar recovery. Acid pretreated hemp stems and branches, containing 1% glucan (w/v) solids, were hydrolyzed for 72 h using 25 mg enzyme protein per g glucan.

A Deep Convolutional Neural Network-XGB for Direction and Severity Aware Fall Detection and Activity Recognition.

Activity and Fall detection have been a topic of keen interest in the field of ambient assisted living system research. Such systems make use of different sensing mechanisms to monitor human motion and aim to ascertain the activity being performed for health monitoring and other purposes. Towards this end, in addition to activity recognition, fall detection is an especially important task as falls can lead to injuries and sometimes even death.

Hedgehog pathway modulation by glypican 3-conjugated heparan sulfate.

Glypicans are a family of cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans that play critical roles in multiple cell signaling pathways. Glypicans consist of a globular core, an unstructured stalk modified with sulfated glycosaminoglycan chains, and a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor. Though these structural features are conserved, their individual contribution to glypican function remains obscure.

Improving hypertension control and cardiovascular health: An urgent call to action for nursing.

Background: Hypertension is a leading cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and affects nearly one in two adults in the United States when defined as a blood pressure of at least 130/80 mm Hg or on antihypertensive medication (Virani et al., 2021, Circulation, 143, e254). Long-standing disparities in hypertension awareness, treatment, and control among racial and ethnic populations exist in the United States.

A proposed standard for quantifying 3-D hindlimb joint poses in living and extinct archosaurs.

The last common ancestor of birds and crocodylians plus all of its descendants (clade Archosauria) dominated terrestrial Mesozoic ecosystems, giving rise to disparate body plans, sizes, and modes of locomotion. As in the fields of vertebrate morphology and paleontology more generally, studies of archosaur skeletal structure have come to depend on tools for acquiring, measuring, and exploring three-dimensional (3-D) digital models. Such models, in turn, form the basis for many analyses of musculoskeletal function.

Mitigation of CyanoHABs Using Phoslock to Reduce Water Column Phosphorus and Nutrient Release from Sediment.

Cyanobacterial blooms can be stimulated by excessive phosphorus (P) input, especially when diazotrophs are the dominant species. A series of mesocosm experiments were conducted in a lake dominated by a cyanobacteria bloom to study the effects of Phoslock, a phosphorus adsorbent. The results showed that the addition of Phoslock lowered the soluble reactive phosphate (SRP) concentrations in water due to efficient adsorption and mitigated the blooms.

A Hierarchical Approach to Activity Recognition and Fall Detection Using Wavelets and Adaptive Pooling.

Human activity recognition has been a key study topic in the development of cyber physical systems and assisted living applications. In particular, inertial sensor based systems have become increasingly popular because they do not restrict users' movement and are also relatively simple to implement compared to other approaches. In this paper, we present a hierarchical classification framework based on wavelets and adaptive pooling for activity recognition and fall detection predicting fall direction and severity.

Rats' use of hierarchical organization in serial pattern learning.

Many organisms show aptitude for learning and performing patterned sequences. However, we do not yet have a complete account of how they accomplish this. One of the most successful is Restle's hierarchical model, which supposes organisms represent sequences using the simplest form available through using hierarchies to organize the sequences' elements.

Public Health Nursing and Community Health Worker Teams: A Community-Based Preventive Services Clinic Exemplar.

Since 2009, a community-based, collaborative exemplar in Richmond, Virginia, involving 8 satellite clinics of the state health department, has been implemented within public housing units to focus on prevention and access to care. These satellite centers, known a resource center (RCs), are staffed by public health nurses, community health workers, and nurse practitioners working in complementary roles. The RCs have provided education to 2609 clients on family planning, safe sex practices, safe car seat use, and screening for sexually transmitted infections and have made 9591 patient referrals to health, social, and community services.

Development of a Resting Energy Expenditure Estimation in Patients Undergoing Targeted Temperature Management with a Surface Gel Pad Temperature Modulating Device.

Targeted temperature management (TTM) directly impacts energy expenditure via temperature modulation and shivering associated with temperature modulating devices. We hypothesized that resting energy expenditure (REE) can be accurately estimated utilizing data obtained from a surface gel pad temperature modulating device (TMD) and demographic factors. Baseline demographic data, along with concurrent temperature, sedation, and shivering data, and indirect calorimetry (IDC) were collected from patients undergoing TTM.

Use of features and geometry in leopard geckos (Eublepharis macularius).

All animals must move efficiently throughout their world. However, the mechanisms through which they accomplish this potentially vary among species. Previous work exploring the use of feature information and geometric information in movement through space has indicated that geometric information is commonly used and that some species sometimes also use feature information.

Do renewable portfolio standards increase renewable energy capacity? Evidence from the United States.

This research evaluates the impacts of the Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) on renewable electricity capacity using annual data spanning 47 states between 1990 and 2014 in the United States. RPS is a state-level policy that requires electricity suppliers to include a certain fraction of renewable electricity in their total electricity sales over a specified time period. Following nuanced identification strategies, generalized difference-in-difference method is used to transform observational data into a quasiexperimental setting to mitigate against potentially inconsistent estimator or selection bias concerns vis-à-vis the adoption of RPS across states.

Photodynamics of Asymmetric Di-Iron-Cyano Hydrogenases Examined by Time-Resolved Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy.

Two anionic asymmetric Fe-Fe hydrogenase model compounds containing a single cyano (CN) and five carboxyl (CO) ligands, [EtN][Fe(μ-SCH)(CO)(CN)] and [EtN][Fe(μ-SCH)(CO)(CN)], dissolved in room-temperature acetonitrile, are examined. The molecular asymmetry affects the redox potentials of the central iron atoms, thus changing the photophysics and possible catalytic properties of the compounds. Femtosecond ultraviolet excitation with mid-infrared probe spectroscopy of the model compounds was employed to better understand the ultrafast dynamics of the enzyme-active site.

Recognition of novelty in leopard geckos (Eublepharis macularius) and tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum).

Novelty recognition helps organisms identify changes over time. Studies to date have usually involved mammals, particularly rodents. We explored leopard geckos' (Eublepharis macularius; Experiment 1) and tiger salamanders' (Ambystoma tigrinum, Experiment 2) sensitivity to spatial and object novelty.

First report: Co-infection of (sweetbox) by and causes a foliar disease of sweetbox in Pennsylvania.

Sweetbox () are high value ornamental shrubs susceptible to disease caused by () and () (Malapi-Wight et al. 2016; Salgado-Salazar et al. 2019).

Safety and Feasibility of a Novel Transnasal Cooling Device to Induce Normothermia in Febrile Cerebrovascular Patients.

Background: Inducing normothermia with surface cooling temperature modulating devices (TMDs) is cumbersome and often associated with significant shivering. We tested the safety and feasibility of a novel transnasal evaporative cooling device to induce and maintain normothermia in febrile patients following ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.

Methods: A single-center study utilizing the CoolStat® transnasal cooling device was used to achieve core temperature reduction in mechanically ventilated stroke patients with fever (T ≥ 38.

Comparison of a Continuous Noninvasive Temperature to Monitor Core Temperature Measures During Targeted Temperature Management.

Background: Temperature modulating devices (TMD) currently utilize core temperature measurements during targeted temperature management (TTM) that are currently limited to esophageal (Et), bladder (Bt), or rectal (Rt) temperatures. We assessed the ability of a continuous noninvasive temperature monitor to accurately approximate core temperature during TTM.

Methods: All patients undergoing TTM using a gel pad surface TMD and an existing core temperature monitoring device were eligible for this study.

Production and Characterization of Anti-Inflammatory Pigment Derivatives.

The prevention and treatment of chronic inflammation using food-derived compounds are desirable from the perspectives of marketing and safety. pigments, widely used as food additives, can be used as a chronic inflammation treatment. Orange pigments were produced by submerged fermentation in a 5 L bioreactor, and multiple orange pigment derivatives with anti-inflammatory activities were synthesized using aminophilic reaction.

National Cancer Institute (NCI) Program for Natural Products Discovery: Rapid Isolation and Identification of Biologically Active Natural Products from the NCI Prefractionated Library.

An automated, high-capacity, and high-throughput procedure for the rapid isolation and identification of biologically active natural products from a prefractionated library is presented. The semipreparative HPLC method uses 1 mg of the primary hit fraction and produces 22 subfractions in an assay-ready format. Following screening, all active fractions are analyzed by NMR, LCMS, and FTIR, and the active principle structural classes are elucidated.

The Cannabis Proteome Draft Map Project.

Recently we have seen a relaxation of the historic restrictions on the use and subsequent research on the plants, generally classified as and . What research has been performed to date has centered on chemical analysis of plant flower products, namely cannabinoids and various terpenes that directly contribute to phenotypic characteristics of the female flowers. In addition, we have seen many groups recently completing genetic profiles of various plants of commercial value.

Effect of Lignin Content on Cellulolytic Saccharification of Liquid Hot Water Pretreated Sugarcane Bagasse.

Lignin contributes to the rigid structure of the plant cell wall and is partially responsible for the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic materials to enzymatic digestion. Overcoming this recalcitrance is one the most critical issues in a sugar-flat form process. This study addresses the effect of low lignin sugarcane bagasse on enzymatic hydrolysis after liquid hot water pretreatment at 190 °C and 20 min (severity factor: 3.

evaluation of the anti-obesity effects of combinations of pigment derivatives.

The prevention and treatment of obesity using naturally derived compounds is desirable in terms of marketing and safety in the nutraceutical and functional food markets. One of the noticeable effects of pigment derivatives is the inhibition/deactivation of lipid metabolism. Our earlier studies reported that threonine (Thr), tryptophan (Trp), and 2-(-tolyl)-ethylamine (TEA) derivatives of pigment showed cholesterol-lowering, lipase-inhibitory, and adipogenic differentiation-inhibitory activities, respectively.

Development of a Coxiella burnetii culture method for high-throughput assay to identify host-directed therapeutics.

The intracellular Gram-negative bacterium, Coxiella burnetii, is a worldwide zoonotic pathogen and the causative agent of Q fever. The standard of care for C. burnetii infections involves extended periods of antibiotic treatment and the development of doxycycline-resistant strains stress the need for new treatment strategies.

Sex differences in serial pattern learning in mice.

Numerous investigators have examined the hypothesis that males and females learn or perform differentially on various tasks. However, many of the behavioural investigations with nonhuman animals (e.g.

Bolt: a New Age Peptide Search Engine for Comprehensive MS/MS Sequencing Through Vast Protein Databases in Minutes.

Recent increases in mass spectrometry speed, sensitivity, and resolution now permit comprehensive proteomics coverage. However, the results are often hindered by sub-optimal data processing pipelines. In almost all MS/MS peptide search engines, users must limit their search space to a canonical database due to time constraints and q value considerations, but this typically does not reflect the individual genetic variations of the organism being studied.