Integrated microRNA and transcriptome profiling reveal key miRNA-mRNA interaction pairs associated with seed development in Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum).

Background: Tartary buckwheat seed development is an extremely complex process involving many gene regulatory pathways. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as the important negative regulators of gene expression and performed crucial regulatory roles in various plant biological processes. However, whether miRNAs participate in Tartary buckwheat seed development remains unexplored.

Scale-dependent contribution of host-specificity and environmental factors to wood-boring longhorn beetle community assemblage in SW China.

Longhorn beetles are extremely rich wood-boring insects possessing larvae that feed on the xylem of trees and/or lianas, which have detrimental effects on plants; in turn, the hosting plants may play a fundamental role in shaping the longhorn beetle community assemblage. However, factors determining the community assemblage of wood-boring longhorn beetles, particularly along the multiple spatial scales is still in need of further exploration. In this study, we designed an experiment across several spatial scales (from local to macro scales) from tropical to temperate climate gradients in Yunnan province, southwest China to examine to what extend the attributes of host-specificity is shaping the community assemblage along different spatial scales.

Neural basis underlying the trait of attachment anxiety and avoidance revealed by the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations and resting-state functional connectivity.

Background: Attachment theory demonstrates that early attachment experience shapes internal working models with mental representations of self and close relationships, which affects personality traits and interpersonal relationships in adulthood. Although research has focused on brain structural and functional underpinnings to disentangle attachment styles in healthy individuals, little is known about the spontaneous brain activity associated with self-reported attachment anxiety and avoidance during the resting state.

Methods: One hundred and nineteen individuals participated in the study, completing the Experience in Close Relationship scale immediately after an 8-min fMRI scanning.

Halolysin R4 of confers its host antagonistic and defensive activities.

Halolysins, which are subtilisin-like serine proteases of haloarchaea, are usually secreted into the extracellular matrix via the twin-arginine translocation pathway. A small number of activated molecules can greatly affect cell growth owing to their proteolytic activity. It is, however, unclear as to whether this proteolysis-based growth inhibition by halolysins conveys antagonistic or defensive effects against other resident abd potentially competitive microorganisms.

Development of 23 novel microsatellite markers of Amomum tsao-ko (Zingiberaceae) based on restriction-site-associated DNA sequencing.

Amomum tsao-ko (Zingiberaceae) is a traditional Chinese medicine and condiment, and an important economic crop in the tropical forest of southwest China. However, few simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers are available in A. tsao-ko, which is hindering genetic research in this species.

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Lour.

Lour. (Zingiberaceae) is an important edible and medicinal crop. The complete chloroplast (cp) genome of was determined using Illumina sequencing platform.

The complete chloroplast genome of .

(Zingiberaceae) is an important edible and medicinal crop. The complete chloroplast (cp) genome of was determined using Illumina sequencing platform. The size of whole cp genome was 163,648 bp, containing a small single copy (SSC) region of 15,355 bp and a large single copy (LSC) region of 88,741 bp, which were separated by a pair of inverted repeat (IRs) regions (29,776 bp).

Acclimatization of photosynthetic apparatus and antioxidant metabolism to excess soil cadmium in Buddleja spp.

Heavy metal (HM) pollutants can cause serious phytotoxicity or oxidative stress in plants. Buddleja L., commonly known as "butterfly bushes", are frequently found growing on HM-contaminated land.

A New Genus and Two New Species of Freshwater Crab (Crustacea: Brachyura: Potamidae) with Unusual Coiled Tip of Male Second Gonopods from Yunnan, Southwestern China.

Two new species of a new genus, puer n. gen. n.

Does Ulcerative Colitis Influence the Inter-individual Heterogeneity of the Human Intestinal Mucosal Microbiome?

The dysbiosis of the gut microbiome associated with ulcerative colitis (UC) has been extensively studied in recent years. However, the question of whether UC influences the spatial heterogeneity of the human gut mucosal microbiome has not been addressed. Spatial heterogeneity (specifically, the inter-individual heterogeneity in microbial species abundances) is one of the most important characterizations at both population and community scales, and can be assessed and interpreted by Taylor's power law (TPL) and its community-scale extensions (TPLEs).

The Impact of Parent-Child Attachment on Self-Injury Behavior: Negative Emotion and Emotional Coping Style as Serial Mediators.

In order to explore the relationship between parent-child attachment, negative emotion, emotional coping style, and self-injury behavior, 662 junior high school students in four junior middle schools in China's Yunnan Province were investigated using a parent-child attachment questionnaire, adolescent negative emotion questionnaire, emotional coping style scale, and adolescent self-injury behavior scale. As a result, two mediate models were created to explain how parent-child attachment affects self-injury behavior. Negative emotion and emotional coping style play serial mediating roles in mother-child and father-child attachment models, respectively.

sp. nov., a novel halophilic archaeon isolated from a salt mine.

A halophilic archaeon named strain LR21 was isolated from a salt mine in Yunnan Province, PR China. Cells were spherical, Gram-stain-negative and motile. Strain LR21 grew at 20-50 °C (optimum, 42 °C), with 8-30 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 23 %) and at pH 5.

Identification of Long-Distance Transmissible mRNA between Scion and Rootstock in Cucurbit Seedling Heterografts.

Grafting has been widely used to improve plant growth and tolerance in crop production, as well as for clarifying systemic mRNA signaling from donor to recipient tissues in organ-to-organ communication. In this study, we investigated graft partner interaction mechanisms of Cucumis sativus (Csa) and Cucurbita moschata (Cmo) using a large-scale endogenous mRNA transport. The results indicated that most mobile transcripts followed an allocation pathway from source to sink.

Iodine-catalyzed efficient synthesis of xanthene/thioxanthene-indole derivatives under mild conditions.

An iodine-catalyzed nucleophilic substitution reaction of xanthen-9-ol and thioxanthen-9-ol with indoles has been developed, providing an efficient procedure for the synthesis of xanthene/thioxanthene-indole derivatives with good to excellent yields. This protocol offers several advantages, such as short reaction times, green solvent, operational simplicity, easily available catalyst and mild reaction conditions. Moreover, this method showed good tolerance of functional groups and a wide range of substrates.

Y-doped CaZrO/CoO as novel dense diffusion barrier materials for a limiting current oxygen sensor.

Herein, we illustrate a feasible strategy to strengthen the gas sensing of Y-doped CaZrO (YCaZrO (x = 0.05, 0.06, and 0.

Genome-Wide Characterization of GRAS Family and Their Potential Roles in Cold Tolerance of Cucumber ( L.).

Cucumber ( L.) is one of the most important cucurbit vegetables but is often subjected to stress during cultivation. () genes encode a family of transcriptional factors that regulate plant growth and development.

Highly efficient and selective membrane separation of copper from nickel in ammoniacal solution using mixtures of M5640 and BESO as membrane carriers.

Separation of copper from nickel in ammoniacal/ammonium chloride solution using a flat-sheet supported liquid membrane impregnated with mixtures of Acorga M5640 and bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfoxide (BESO) was investigated. The crucial parameters influencing copper transport and separation abilities of copper and nickel, such as carrier concentration of M5640 and BESO in the membrane phase, initial concentration of ions in the feed phase, HSO concentration in the strip phase and membrane stability, were discussed. The results show that the mixtures of carriers (20 vol% M5640 + 20 vol% BESO) in the membrane have a considerable antagonistic effect on membrane transport of nickel, but favor copper transport.

Mechanism of Shuang-Huang-Lian Oral Liquid for Treatment of Mycoplasmal Pneumonia in Children on Network Pharmacology.

Background And Objective: Mycoplasmal pneumonia (MP) can lead to inflammation, multiple system immune damage, and mixed infection in children. The pathogenesis is still unclear. Shuang-Huang-Lian (SHL) oral liquid can treat acute upper respiratory tract infection, acute bronchitis and light pneumonia.

Conductivity and mixed conductivity of a novel dense diffusion barrier and the sensing properties of limiting current oxygen sensors.

First-principles calculations were used to explore the effect of various Y-doping levels on the electrical conductivity of SrTiO. Herein, we prepared ((YSrTiFeO)/x/3CoO (x = 0.1, 0.

Synthesis and biological activity of new bisbenzofuran-imidazolium salts.

A series of novel bisbenzofuran-imidazolium salts were designed and prepared. The in vitro antitumor activity of these derivatives was evaluated against a panel of human tumor cell lines (A549, HL-60, MCF-7, SMMC-7721 and SW480). Results demonstrated that 2-methyl-benzimidazole ring and substitution of the imidazolyl-3-position with a 4-methoxyphenacyl or 2-naphthylacyl substituent were important for promoting cytotoxic activity.

How little is known about "the little brown frogs": description of three new species of the genus (Anura: Megophryidae) from Yunnan Province, China.

Asian leaf-litter toads of the genus represent a great anuran diversification in Asia. Previous studies have suggested that the diversity of this genus is still underestimated. During herpetological surveys from 2013 to 2018, a series of specimens were collected from the international border areas in the southern and western parts of Yunnan Province, China.

Methylation-driven model for analysis of dinucleotide evolution in genomes.

Background: CpGs, the major methylation sites in vertebrate genomes, exhibit a high mutation rate from the methylated form of CpG to TpG/CpA and, therefore, influence the evolution of genome composition. However, the quantitative effects of CpG to TpG/CpA mutations on the evolution of genome composition in terms of the dinucleotide frequencies/proportions remain poorly understood.

Results: Based on the neutral theory of molecular evolution, we propose a methylation-driven model (MDM) that allows predicting the changes in frequencies/proportions of the 16 dinucleotides and in the GC content of a genome given the known number of CpG to TpG/CpA mutations.

Why Are There so Many Plant Species That Transiently Flush Young Leaves Red in the Tropics?

Delayed greening of young leaves is a ubiquitous and visually striking phenomenon in the tropics. Here, we investigated the potential ecological functions of red coloration patterns in young leaves. To detect any protective function of the red coloration on the young leaves, leaf damage by insect herbivores was recorded in the field.

, an E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Gene in , Confers Self-Incompatibility in Transgenic .

(Vant.) Hand.-Mazz.