The Efficacy of Cecropin Against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Is Linked to the Destabilization of Outer Membrane Structure LPS of Gram-Negative Bacteria.

The escalating prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has emerged as a formidable threat to global health, and the quest for alternative antimicrobial agents is imperative. Cecropins, a class of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), have garnered attention due to their potent bactericidal properties. This investigation delves into the antibacterial prowess of Cecropin A (CA) and Cecropin AD (CAD), showcasing their robust activity against Gram-negative bacteria, inclusive of multidrug-resistant bacteria.

Application characteristics and clinical effectiveness of clinical finding staging in guiding non-surgical treatment of knee osteoarthritis involving 92 medical institutions.

Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that the radiographic phenotypes of patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) often do not correlate with their clinical findings, which are the primary reason for seeking medical care. Therefore, at OARSI 2024, we proposed a clinical finding staging system-Chinese medicine staging (CMS)-to guide the treatment of KOA. However, the clinical effectiveness and application characteristics of CMS in guiding non-surgical treatment of KOA remain unclear.

Global impact of ten-valent and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on invasive pneumococcal disease in all ages (the PSERENADE project): a global surveillance analysis.

Background: Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) that are ten-valent (PCV10) and 13-valent (PCV13) became available in 2010. We evaluated their global impact on invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) incidence in all ages.

Methods: Serotype-specific IPD cases and population denominators were obtained directly from surveillance sites using PCV10 or PCV13 in their national immunisation programmes and with a primary series uptake of at least 50%.

Accelerated arsenic decontamination using graphene oxide-supported metal-organic framework nanoconfined membrane for sustainable performance.

Developing highly efficient bimetallic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as catalysts for Fenton-like reactions holds significant promise for decontamination processes. Although MOFs with excellent decontamination capabilities are achievable, ensuring their long-term stability, especially in the organoarsenic harmless treatment, remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we proposed a unique nanoconfinement strategy using graphene oxide (GO)-supported Prussian blue analogs (PBA) as catalytic membrane, which modulated the peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation in p-arsanilic acid (p-ASA) degradation from traditional radical pathways to a synergy of both radical and non-radical pathways.

Global prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in different trimesters of pregnancy: A meta-analysis and meta-regression.

The global prevalence of psychological problems in different trimesters is unclear due to methodological constraints in previous reviews. A precise estimate would be a key first step in raising awareness and allocating resources. This review aims to (1) calculate the global prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms during different trimesters and (2) determine the factors influencing their prevalence estimates.

Ferrocene-decorated graphene nanosheets built by edge-to-face π-π interaction for room temperature ppb-level NO sensing.

The development of materials toward ppb-level nitric oxide (NO) sensing at room temperature remains in high demand for the monitoring of respiratory inflammatory diseases. In order to find an iron-containing molecule without steric hindrance to combine with graphene for room temperature NO gas sensing, here a supramolecular assembly of ferrocene (Fc) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was designed and prepared for NO sensing. The assembly of Fc/rGO was characterized using FT-IR, TEM, and XPS measurements.

Diagnostic performance of metagenomic next-generation sequencing based on alveolar lavage fluid in unexplained lung shadows.

Background: Unexplained lung shadows are challenging in respiratory medicine, with both infectious and non-infectious etiologies. Lung biopsy is definitive but invasive, prompting a need for non-invasive alternatives. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) is emerging as a promising diagnostic tool.

EGHRIN conclusions on pandemic preparedness: no whole-of-society approach without society.

Pandemic preparedness necessitates a multifaceted approach that emphasizes societal factors, such as building trust and acknowledges cultural and societal differences, with a focus on protecting vulnerable groups. To support these goals, the European Global Health Research Institutes Network has outlined a comprehensive transdisciplinary approach through a set of multilevel recommendations.

MiR-378 exaggerates angiogenesis and bone erosion in collagen-induced arthritis mice by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder marked by pain, inflammation, and discomfort in the synovial joints. It is critical to understand the pathological mechanisms of RA progression. MicroRNA-378 (miR-378) is highly expressed in the synovium of RA patients and positively correlated with disease severity, but its function and underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Anthropogenic marine debris accumulation and its ecological impact on the highly urbanized mangroves of Hong Kong.

Mangroves are recognized as a sink for plastic and other anthropogenic marine debris (AMD). The accumulation rates of AMD within these ecosystems, however, have not yet been assessed anywhere in the world. Here, we investigated the standing stock and accumulation rate of AMD at four of the most polluted mangroves in Hong Kong over one year, focussing on its ecological impact on the diversity and abundance of vegetation and benthic macrofauna.

Bidirectional causality of physical exercise in retinal neuroprotection.

Physical exercise is recognized as an effective intervention to improve mood, physical performance, and general well-being. It achieves these benefits through cellular and molecular mechanisms that promote the release of neuroprotective factors. Interestingly, reduced levels of physical exercise have been implicated in several central nervous system diseases, including ocular disorders.

Insights into the transcriptomic heterogeneity of brain endothelial cells in normal aging and Alzheimer's disease.

Drug development for Alzheimer's disease Is extremely challenging, as demonstrated by the repeated failures of amyloid-β-targeted therapeutics and the controversies surrounding the amyloid-β cascade hypothesis. More recently, advances in the development of Lecanemab, an anti-amyloid-β monoclonal antibody, have shown positive results in reducing brain A burden and slowing cognitive decline in patients with early- stage Alzheimer's disease in the Phase III clinical trial (Clarity Alzheimer's disease). Despite these promising results, side effects such as amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) may limit its usage.

Intervention accelerator to prevent and respond to abuse of older people: insights from key promising interventions.

Globally, abuse of older people (AOP) affects one in six individuals aged 60 years and older every year. Despite the widespread prevalence of AOP, evidence-based interventions for preventing and responding to this issue are insufficient. To address this gap, WHO proposed an initiative to accelerate the development of effective interventions for AOP across all country income levels.

Prospective Randomized Study on Switching Triple Inhaler Therapy in COPD from Multiple Inhaler Devices to a Single Inhaler Device in a Chinese Population.

Background: Triple therapy with inhaled corticosteroids and dual bronchodilator was recommended in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients who had exacerbations and eosinophilia. It can be administered by single inhaler (SITT) or multiple inhaler (MITT). There was lack of evidence of the benefits of SITT over MITT in Chinese population, especially on switching from existing MITT to SITT.

Health and economic evaluation of herbal medicines for heart failure: A population-based cohort study.

Background: Heart failure (HF) represents an advanced stage of various cardiovascular disorders, with its elevated admission rates and resultant health economic burden posing an ongoing global concern.

Purpose: To evaluate the health and economic benefits of herbal medicine (HM) for patients with HF.

Study Design: Population-based cohort study.

Development of a Modified QuEChERS Extraction for the Detection of Rosemary Extracts (E392) Expressed as Sum of Carnosol and Carnosic Acid in Food by LC-MS/MS.

Background: Rosemary extracts are derived from the leaves of Rosmarinus officinalis and commonly employed as natural food preservative. They serve as natural antioxidants in food, preventing spoilage and extending shelf life.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a modified QuEChERS extraction with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for the analysis of rosemary extracts in food as sum of its markers Carnosol and Carnosic Acid.

KBTBD8/RRP15 as a potential novel therapeutic target associates with lenvatinib-inhibited progression in hepatocellular carcinoma both in vitro and in vivo.

Introduction: We have previously demonstrated that RRP15 (Ribosomal RNA Processing 15 Homolog) was significantly elevated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and correlated directly with poor prognosis. RRP15 suppression curtails HCC progression through induction of cellular senescence and apoptosis. However, the impact of RRP15 on the precise therapeutic potential of lenvatinib has remained underexplored.

2024 European Heart Rhythm Association/Heart Rhythm Society/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation.

In the last three decades, ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) has become an evidence-based safe and efficacious treatment for managing the most common cardiac arrhythmia. In 2007, the first joint expert consensus document was issued, guiding healthcare professionals involved in catheter or surgical AF ablation. Mounting research evidence and technological advances have resulted in a rapidly changing landscape in the field of catheter and surgical AF ablation, thus stressing the need for regularly updated versions of this partnership which were issued in 2012 and 2017.

Effects of non-invasive brain stimulation over the supplementary motor area on motor function in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Motor dysfunction profoundly affects individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) targeting the supplementary motor area (SMA), a critical region for movement-related processing, offers a promising approach to enhance motor function for PD.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy of NIBS over the SMA (SMA-NIBS) in alleviating motor symptoms in PD.

Bioinspired Iron Porphyrin Covalent Organic Frameworks-Based Nanozymes Sensor Array: Machine Learning-Assisted Identification and Detection of Thiols.

Given the crucial role of thiols in maintaining normal physiological functions, it is essential to establish a high-throughput and sensitive analytical method to identify and quantify various thiols accurately. Inspired by the iron porphyrin active center of natural horseradish peroxidase (HRP), we designed and synthesized two iron porphyrin covalent organic frameworks (Fe-COF-H and Fe-COF-OH) with notable peroxidase-like (POD) activity, capable of catalyzing 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) into oxidized TMB with three distinct absorption peaks. Based on these, a six-channel nanozyme colorimetric sensor array was constructed, which could map the specific fingerprints of various thiols.