Lanthanide-tetrazine probes for bio-imaging and click chemistry.

The blood-brain-barrier prevents many imaging agents and therapeutics from being delivered to the brain that could fight central nervous system diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and strokes. However, techniques such as the use of stapled peptides or peptide shuttles may allow payloads through, with bioconjugation achieved bio-orthogonal tetrazine/norbornene click chemistry. A series of lanthanide-tetrazine probes have been synthesised herein which could be utilised in bio-orthogonal click chemistry with peptide-based delivery systems to deliver MRI agents through the blood-brain-barrier.

Mechanism of action and evaluation of ratiometric probes for uric acid using lanthanide complexes with tetraazatriphenylene sensitisers.

A series of new ligands has been prepared that incorporate electron-poor aromatic moieties (dpqMe and dpqPh chromophores) into tetraazacyclododecane or triazacyclononane based complex structures, and the time-dependent photophysical properties of their Eu(iii) and Tb(iii) complexes evaluated for the selective and rapid ratiometric analysis of urate in diluted serum solution, together with mechanistic studies probing the nature of the intermediate exciplex and the excited state dynamics using transient absorption spectroscopy.

Predict value of tumor markers combined with interleukins for therapeutic efficacy and prognosis in ovarian cancer patients.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most prevalent and fatal malignancy of the female reproductive system, with the majority of patients diagnosed at an advanced stage due to the lack of early screening. Despite surgery and chemotherapy being the standard treatments, overall survival rates have not improved significantly, highlighting the need for new biomarkers for therapeutic efficacy and prognostic evaluation. This study aimed to clarify the application value of tumor markers (TMs), including carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), combined with interleukins (ILs), such as IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10, in the evaluation of therapeutic efficacy and prognosis of OC, and to establish a prediction model.

Dicobalt(ii) helices kill colon cancer cells enantiomer-specific mechanisms; DNA damage or microtubule disruption.

Highly diastereoselective self-assembly reactions give both enantiomers (Λ and Δ) of anti-parallel triple-stranded bimetallic Co(ii) and Co(iii) cationic helices, without the need for resolution; the first such reaction for Co. The complexes are water soluble and stable, even in the case of Co(ii). Studies in a range of cancer and healthy cell lines indicate high activity and selectivity, and substantial differences between enantiomers.

Artificial intelligence in sport: Exploring the potential of using ChatGPT in resistance training prescription.

OpenAI's Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) technology enables conversational interactions with applications across various fields, including sport. Here, ChatGPT's proficiency in designing a 12-week resistance training programme, following specific prompts, was investigated. GPT3.

The reliability of a portable steam sauna pod for the whole-body passive heating of humans.

Introduction: Passive heating is receiving increasing attention within human performance and health contexts. A low-cost, portable steam sauna pod may offer an additional tool for those seeking to manipulate physiological (cardiovascular, thermoregulatory and sudomotor) and perceptual responses for improving sporting or health profiles. This study aimed to 1) report the different levels of heat stress and determine the pods' inter-unit reliability, and 2) quantify the reliability of physiological and perceptual responses to passive heating.

How COVID-19 stole Christmas: How the pandemic shifted the calculus around social media Self-Disclosures.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, social media use increased significantly, and news media also reported increased levels of social shaming for behaviors that were now deemed high-risk for spreading or contracting the virus. This study examines how this pandemic-afflicted environment changed what and how individuals disclosed online during the 2020 holiday season. Using data collected at two time periods in December 2020 from Facebook and Instagram users, the data show that social calculus constructs comprise most of the significant predictors for online self-disclosure; evaluation apprehension is also a significant moderator.

Correction: The morphology and surface charge-dependent cellular uptake efficiency of upconversion nanostructures revealed by single-particle optical microscopy.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/C8SC01828F.].

Methylation with Dimethyl Carbonate/Dimethyl Sulfide Mixtures: An Integrated Process without Addition of Acid/Base and Formation of Residual Salts.

Dimethyl sulfide, a major byproduct of the Kraft pulping process, was used as an inexpensive and sustainable catalyst/co-reagent (methyl donor) for various methylations with dimethyl carbonate (as both reagent and solvent), which afforded excellent yields of O-methylated phenols and benzoic acids, and mono-C-methylated arylacetonitriles. Furthermore, these products could be isolated using a remarkably straightforward workup and purification procedure, realized by dimethyl sulfide's neutral and distillable nature and the absence of residual salts. The likely mechanisms of these methylations were elucidated using experimental and theoretical methods, which revealed that the key step involves the generation of a highly reactive trimethylsulfonium methylcarbonate intermediate.

Visible light-induced oxidative -dealkylation of alkylamines by a luminescent osmium(vi) nitrido complex.

-Dealkylation of amines by metal oxo intermediates (M[double bond, length as m-dash]O) is related to drug detoxification and DNA repair in biological systems. In this study, we report the first example of -dealkylation of various alkylamines by a luminescent osmium(vi) nitrido complex induced by visible light.

A fluorescent probe for the discrimination of oxidation states of palladium.

Palladium-based catalysts are widely used in pharmaceutical industries, which can sometimes cause palladium contamination in pharmaceutical drug manufacture. It is important to separately quantify the different oxidation states of palladium (Pd and Pd) in pharmaceuticals as they react with scavengers differently. Although palladium sensors have been under intense investigation, oxidation state differentiators are very rare.

Mass spectrometry imaging and monitoring of glutathione-triggered cisplatin release from nanoparticles in the kidneys.

An increasing number of studies have reported the use of various nanoparticles to encapsulate cisplatin, a frontline chemotherapeutic drug against a broad-spectrum of cancers, for overcoming its inherent drawbacks in clinical applications. Nevertheless, few analytical methods or instruments could provide the precise distribution information on this platinum drug in biological tissues. Herein, we provide the first evidence of applying matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) to assess the spatial distribution of cisplatin released from the cell-penetrating poly(disulfide) (CPD)-modified hollow iron oxide nanoparticles (hFeO-MPS-CPD) at the kidneys an glutathione (GSH) responsive mode.

Climatic and vegetational drivers of insect beta diversity at the continental scale.

Aim: We construct a framework for mapping pattern and drivers of insect diversity at the continental scale and use it to test whether and which environmental gradients drive insect beta diversity.

Location: Global; North and Central America; Western Europe.

Time Period: 21st century.

A robust photoluminescence screening assay identifies uracil-DNA glycosylase inhibitors against prostate cancer.

Many cancers have developed resistance to 5-FU, due to removal by the enzyme uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG), a type of base excision repair enzyme (BER) that can excise uracil and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) from DNA. However, the development of UDG inhibitor screening methods, especially for the rapid and efficient screening of natural product/natural product-like compounds, is still limited so far. We developed herein a robust time-resolved photoluminescence method for screening UDG inhibitors, which could significantly improve sensitivity over the screening method based on the conventional steady-state spectroscopy, reducing the substantial fluorescence background interference.

Synthesis and properties of hyperbranched polymers for polymer light emitting devices with sunlight-style white emission.

A new series of hyperbranched polymers consisting of fluorene--carbazole as the branches and the three-dimensional-structured spiro[3.3]heptane-2,6-dispirofluorene (SDF) as the core were designed and synthesized by one-pot Suzuki coupling polycondensation. A phosphor group with broad full width at half maximum (FWHM) bis(1-phenyl-isoquinoline)(acetylacetonato)iridium(iii) (Ir(Brpiq)acac, 0.

Xiao Qing Long Tang essential oil exhibits inhibitory effects on the release of pro-inflammatory mediators by suppressing NF-κB, AP-1, and IRF3 signalling in the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.

Xiao Qing Long Tang (literally "Minor blue dragon decoction" in Chinese), a traditional Chinese formula, is prescribed to treat respiratory diseases. However, only few studies have been reported on its anti-inflammatory mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of Xiao Qing Long Tang essential oil on inflammatory mediators and explored the mechanisms of action of XQEO in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.

Bioactive Fraction of Bark (or) Root Bark along with Insulin Attenuates Painful Diabetic Neuropathy through Inhibiting NF-κB Inflammatory Cascade.

The present study explains the neuroprotective ability of bioactive fractions of bark (ARB) and root bark (ZJ) along with insulin against diabetic neuropathy. By using different solvents of increasing polarity ARB and ZJ were undergone for bioactive guided fractionation. The neuroprotective ability of the all the plant fractions were tested against HO induced toxicity in SHSY5Y neuroblastoma cell lines and DRG neuronal cells.

The database of the PREDICTS (Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems) project.

The PREDICTS project-Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems (www.predicts.org.

Curcumin Suppressed Activation of Dendritic Cells via JAK/STAT/SOCS Signal in Mice with Experimental Colitis.

Dendritic cells (DCs) play a pivotal role as initiators in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease and are regulated by the JAK/STAT/SOCS signaling pathway. As a potent anti-inflammatory compound, curcumin represents a viable treatment alternative or adjunctive therapy in the management of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The mechanism of curcumin treated IBD on DCs is not completely understood.

Bruceine D induces apoptosis in human chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells via mitochondrial pathway.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), an acquired malignant myeloproliferative disorder of hematopoietic stem cells, is one of the three most common forms of leukemia. In this study, we investigated the effects of bruceine D, which have been isolated from Brucea javanica (L.) Merr.

MiR-1180 promotes apoptotic resistance to human hepatocellular carcinoma via activation of NF-κB signaling pathway.

Apoptosis resistance in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a significant factor in carcinogenesis. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in apoptosis resistance is crucial for developing anticancer therapies. Importantly, small non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported as key biomarkers for detecting tumour onset and progression.

Noble Metal-Iron Oxide Hybrid Nanomaterials: Emerging Applications.

This account provides an overview of current research activities that focus on the synthesis and applications of nanomaterials from noble metal (e.g., Au, Ag, Pd) and iron oxide (Fe3O4) hybrids.