Development of Triphenylamine Derived Photosensitizers for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution from Water.

A series of new (donor)₂-donor-π-acceptor (D2-D-π-A) and (acceptor)₂-donor-π-acceptor (A2-D-π-A) organic photosensitizers based on the framework of (Z)-2-cyano-3-(5-(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)thiophen-2-yl)acrylic acid have been synthesized and characterized. By incorporating groups with different electron-donating or withdrawing abilities, such as dibenzothiophene (DBT), dibenzofuran (DBF), and triazine (TA), into the triphenylamine segment, their photophysical properties have been regulated.  Theoretical calculations were used to explore how various donor-acceptor combinations influence their hydrogen production performance.

Exploring the congruence between perceived parent-teacher achievement goals and student academic outcomes: A study using polynomial regression with response surface analysis.

Background: The achievement goals set by parents and teachers play a crucial role in shaping students' personal goal orientation and academic performance. Previous studies have revealed discrepancies between achievement goals set by parents and teachers. However, limited research has examined how the congruence of perceived parents' and teachers' achievement goals is associated with students' academic performance.

Revolutionising oral organoids with artificial intelligence.

The convergence of organoid technology and artificial intelligence (AI) is poised to revolutionise oral healthcare. Organoids - three-dimensional structures derived from human tissues - offer invaluable insights into the complex biology of diseases, allowing researchers to effectively study disease mechanisms and test therapeutic interventions in environments that closely mimic in vivo conditions. In this review, we first present the historical development of organoids and delve into the current types of oral organoids, focusing on their use in disease models, regeneration and microbiome intervention.

Ten tips in lupus nephritis management.

Lupus nephritis is an important cause of severe glomerulonephritis, and a leading cause of kidney failure in young adults. While the disease can lead to rapid destruction of nephrons if untreated, there are effective therapies to reverse the severe acute kidney injury and prevent the lifetime risk of kidney failure. Early diagnosis and timely intervention are therefore of critical importance.

Construction of an anaplastic thyroid cancer stratification signature to guide immune therapy selection and validation of the pivotal gene HLF through experiments.

Introduction: While most thyroid cancer patients have a favorable prognosis, anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) remains a particularly aggressive form with a median survival time of just five months. Conventional therapies offer limited benefits for this type of thyroid cancer. Our study aims to identify ATC patients who might bene t from immunotherapy.

Unified transmission electron microscopy with the glovebox integrated system for investigating air-sensitive two-dimensional quantum materials.

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is an indispensable tool for elucidating the intrinsic atomic structures of materials and provides deep insights into defect dynamics, phase transitions, and nanoscale structural details. While numerous intriguing physical properties have been revealed in recently discovered two-dimensional (2D) quantum materials, many exhibit significant sensitivity to water and oxygen under ambient conditions. This inherent instability complicates sample preparation for TEM analysis and hinders accurate property measurements.

Distinct evolution patterns of influenza viruses and implications for vaccine development.

In conclusion, the distinct evolution patterns of panzootic influenza A(H5Nx) compared to A(H1N1) and A(H3N2) complicate vaccine development. Effective strategies must consider these unique patterns and the impact of pre-existing immunity. Leveraging AI-based methods for optimized antigen design is essential to mitigate the potential impact of emerging antigenically variable strains and will provide valuable insights for developing more effective vaccines to prepare for future pandemics.

Urban sensing in the era of large language models.

Urban sensing has become increasingly important as cities evolve into the centers of human activities. Large language models (LLMs) offer new opportunities for urban sensing based on commonsense and worldview that emerged through their language-centric framework. This paper illustrates the transformative impact of LLMs, particularly in the potential of advancing next-generation urban sensing for exploring urban mechanisms.

Fatty acid oxidation-induced HIF-1α activation facilitates hepatic urate synthesis through upregulating NT5C2 and XDH.

Dyslipidemia affects approximately half of all people with gout, and prior Mendelian randomization analysis suggested a causal role for elevated triglycerides in hyperuricemia (HU), but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. We hypothesize that dyslipidemia promotes hepatic urate biosynthesis in HU and gout and fatty acid (FA) oxidation (FAO) drives this process. Here we developed a targeted metabolomics to quantify major metabolites in purine metabolic pathway in the sera of a human cohort with HU, gout, and normaluricemic controls.

Managing the arthritic wrist: Complication prevention and management.

Wrist arthroscopy presents a significant learning curve, necessitating various precautions to avoid complications like tendon laceration or nerve injury. Arthroscopic procedures become even more challenging in arthritic wrists due to altered anatomy and reduced joint space, which in turn increase the risk of complications. In this review article, we offer tips and tricks to minimize these risks.

Integrated digit in noise test (iDIN) for rapid hearing and cognitive screening: a preliminary exploration.

Background: Hearing and cognitive impairments are common amongst older adults, both affecting communication and are not easy to distinguish from each other.

Objective: To preliminarily evaluate the efficacy of the integrated Digit in Noise Test (iDIN) for rapid screening of hearing and cognitive functions in older adults.

Design: This cross-sectional cohort study was conducted at multiple clinical sites.

Dual-Source Evaporation Processed Novel NaBiS Absorber Material for Eco-Friendly and Stable Photovoltaics.

Exploring and developing novel, low-cost, and environmentally friendly photovoltaic materials is a vital trend in the evolution of solar cell technology. The distinctive properties of alkali bismuth ternary sulfides have spurred increased research and application in optoelectronic devices. In this study, a novel method is reported for preparing NaBiS film by sequential thermal evaporation of NaS and BiS layers followed by heating post-treatment for the first time, as well as the preparation of solar cells with NaBiS as the light-absorbing layer.

Oriented Cortical-Bone-Like Silk Protein Lamellae Effectively Repair Large Segmental Bone Defects in Pigs.

Assembling natural proteins into large, strong, bone-mimetic scaffolds for repairing bone defects in large-animal load-bearing sites remain elusive. Here this challenge is tackled by assembling pure silk fibroin (SF) into 3D scaffolds with cortical-bone-like lamellae, superior strength, and biodegradability through freeze-casting. The unique lamellae promote the attachment, migration, and proliferation of tissue-regenerative cells (e.

Exploring the progress and trends of immunotherapy for type 1 diabetes: A comprehensive bibliometric analysis spanning nearly two decades.

Introduction: Immunotherapy is a crucial treatment for type 1 diabetes (T1D), yet analyses focusing on research priorities and trends in this field are limited. Therefore, this study employs bibliometric methods to systematically explore the current research status of immunotherapy for T1D.

Methods: Based on the Web of Science Core Collection Database, 1573 articles and review articles related to immunotherapy for T1D published from 2004 to 2023 were screened for bibliometric analysis.

Effects of Exergaming on Frailty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Aim: To evaluate the effects of exergaming on physical frailty in older adults.

Design: Systematic review with meta-analysis.

Methods: Six electronic databases were searched for randomised controlled trials evaluating the effects of exergaming on frailty in older adults.

Effects of Cancer Rehabilitation Interventions for Women Treated for Gynaecological Cancers: A Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials.

Aim: To analyse and synthesise current evidence on the effectiveness of cancer rehabilitation interventions in increasing physical activity, increasing healthy dietary habits, alleviating psychological distress, and increasing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in women treated for gynaecological cancers (GCs).

Design: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs).

Data Sources: A systematic search was conducted in 12 databases from inception to 31 May 2024.

A generative deep neural network for pan-digestive tract cancer survival analysis.

Background: The accurate identification of molecular subtypes in digestive tract cancer (DTC) is crucial for making informed treatment decisions and selecting potential biomarkers. With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence, various machine learning algorithms have been successfully applied in this field. However, the complexity and high dimensionality of the data features may lead to overlapping and ambiguous subtypes during clustering.

The quest for environmental analytical microbiology: absolute quantitative microbiome using cellular internal standards.

Background: High-throughput sequencing has revolutionized environmental microbiome research, providing both quantitative and qualitative insights into nucleic acid targets in the environment. The resulting microbial composition (community structure) data are essential for environmental analytical microbiology, enabling characterization of community dynamics and assessing microbial pollutants for the development of intervention strategies. However, the relative abundances derived from sequencing impede comparisons across samples and studies.

Does diabetes modify the triglyceride-glucose index associated with cardiovascular events and mortality? A meta-analysis of 50 cohorts involving 7,239,790 participants.

Introduction: Previous studies highlighted the association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes. However, whether diabetes affects TyG-cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the TyG index and CVD risk, stratified by diabetes status, as well as the potential modifying effect of diabetic status.

Polyoxometalate-based injectable coacervate inhibits HCC metastasis after incomplete radiofrequency ablation via scavenging ROS.

Background: Incomplete radiofrequency ablation (iRFA) stimulates residual hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis, leading to a poor prognosis for patients. Therefore, it is imperative to develop an effective therapeutic strategy to prevent iRFA-induced HCC metastasis.

Results: Our study revealed that iRFA induced an abnormal increase in ROS levels within residual HCC, which enhanced tumor cell invasiveness and promoted macrophage M2 polarization, ultimately facilitating HCC metastasis.

Cryogenic in-memory computing using magnetic topological insulators.

Machine learning algorithms have proven to be effective for essential quantum computation tasks such as quantum error correction and quantum control. Efficient hardware implementation of these algorithms at cryogenic temperatures is essential. Here we utilize magnetic topological insulators as memristors (termed magnetic topological memristors) and introduce a cryogenic in-memory computing scheme based on the coexistence of a chiral edge state and a topological surface state.

The trajectory of crime: Integrating mouse-tracking into concealed memory detection.

The autobiographical implicit association test (aIAT) is an approach of memory detection that can be used to identify true autobiographical memories. This study incorporates mouse-tracking (MT) into aIAT, which offers a more robust technique of memory detection. Participants were assigned to mock crime and then performed the aIAT with MT.

Effectiveness of Poverty Reduction Programs on Psychological Development of Children and Adolescents at Risk of Poverty: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Considering the potential detrimental impact of poverty on psychological development and the resulting harmful cycles, implementing poverty alleviation interventions is necessary for children and adolescents. Although several meta-analyses have demonstrated the effectiveness of monetary poverty reduction programs, there remains a significant gap in understanding how multidimensional poverty reduction strategies boost psychological development. This meta-analysis aims to address this gap by disclosing the impact of multifaceted anti-poverty interventions on the psychological development of children and adolescents.