Fluorescent Particles Based on Aggregation-Induced Emission for Optical Diagnostics of the Central Nervous System.

In 2001, Tang's team discovered a unique type of luminogens with substantial enhanced fluorescence upon aggregation and introduced the concept of "aggregation-induced emission (AIE)". Unlike conventional fluorescent materials, AIE luminogens (AIEgens) emit weak or no fluorescence in solution but become highly fluorescent in aggregated or solid states, due to a mechanism known as restriction of intramolecular motions (RIM). Initially considered a purely inorganic chemical phenomenon, AIE was later applied in biomedicine to improve the sensitivity of immunoassays.

FusionU10: enhancing pedestrian detection in low-light complex tourist scenes through multimodal fusion.

With the rapid development of tourism, the concentration of visitor flows poses significant challenges for public safety management, especially in low-light and highly occluded environments, where existing pedestrian detection technologies often struggle to achieve satisfactory accuracy. Although infrared images perform well under low-light conditions, they lack color and detail, making them susceptible to background noise interference, particularly in complex outdoor environments where the similarity between heat sources and pedestrian features further reduces detection accuracy. To address these issues, this paper proposes the FusionU10 model, which combines information from both infrared and visible light images.

Association of ambient temperature with social isolation among the community-dwelling Chinese older adults: A cross-sectional study in Hong Kong.

Background: The adverse health impacts of ambient temperature have been well-documented, encompassing not only the mortality and morbidity burden but also mood and mental health disorders. However, the relationship between temperature and social isolation remains unexplored. The objective of the current study was to investigate the potential associations between ambient temperature and social isolation among the aging population.

City-level estimation of vehicle CO emission factors regarding driving behaviors: The case of Tianjin, China.

The estimation of CO emission factors (EFs) is a key step in calculating automobile CO emissions. However, city-level research on the integrated estimation of vehicle CO EFs under real conditions is insufficient. To enrich the research methods of city-level vehicle CO EFs, this paper constructs a vehicle-road-driver three-layer regression model and estimates vehicle CO EFs empirical parameters for Tianjin.

Global prevalence of human intestinal carriage of ESBL-producing during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: There is a pressing need for global surveillance of ESBL-producing due to its health impacts, travel and increased antibiotic use during the COVID-19 pandemic. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize evidence investigating the global prevalence of ESBL .

Methods: Four databases, including Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed and Web of Science, were searched for quantitative studies that reported prevalence data of faecal carriage of ESBL-producing published between 23 April 2021 and 22 April 2024.

MCU-i4, a mitochondrial Ca uniporter modulator, induces breast cancer BT474 cell death by enhancing glycolysis, ATP production and reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst.

Objectives: Mitochondrial Ca uniporter (MCU) provides a Ca influx pathway from the cytosol into the mitochondrial matrix and a moderate mitochondrial Ca rise stimulates ATP production and cell growth. MCU is highly expressed in various cancer cells including breast cancer cells, thereby increasing the capacity of mitochondrial Ca uptake, ATP production, and cancer cell proliferation. The objective of this study was to examine MCU inhibition as an anti-cancer mechanism.

Behavior, mechanisms, and applications of low-concentration CO in energy media.

This review explores the behavior of low-concentration CO (LCC) in various energy media, such as solid adsorbents, liquid absorbents, and catalytic surfaces. It delves into the mechanisms of diffusion, adsorption, and catalytic reactions, while analyzing the potential applications and challenges of these properties in technologies like air separation, compressed gas energy storage, and CO catalytic conversion. Given the current lack of comprehensive analyses, especially those encompassing multiscale studies of LCC behavior, this review aims to provide a theoretical foundation and data support for optimizing CO capture, storage, and conversion technologies, as well as guidance for the development and application of new materials.

Dendritic cells in developing and adult zebrafish arise from different origins and display distinct flt3 dependencies.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are key cellular components of the immune system and perform critical functions in innate and acquired immunity. In mammals, it is generally believed that DCs originate exclusively from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Using a temporal-spatial resolved fate-mapping system, here we show that in zebrafish, DCs arise from two sources: dorsal aorta-born endothelium-derived hematopoietic progenitors (EHPs) and HSCs.

The Proximal Protonation Source in Cu-NHx-C Single Atom Catalysts Selectively Boosts CO2 to Methane Electroreduction.

Regulating the coordination environment of active sites has proved powerful for tapping into their catalytic activity and selectivity in homogeneous catalysis, yet the heterogeneous nature of copper single-atom catalysts (SACs) makes it challenging. This work reports a bottom-up approach to construct a SAC (rGO@Cu-N(Hx)-C) by inlaying preformed amine coordinated Cu2+ units into reduced graphene oxide (rGO), permitting molecular level revelation on how the proximal N-site functional groups (N-H or N-CH3) impact on the carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR). It is demonstrated that the N-H moiety of rGO@Cu-NHx-C can serve as an in-situ protonation agent to accelerate the CO2-to-methane reduction kinetics, delivering a methane current density (163 mA/cm2) 2.

Interfacial Work Function Modulation of Wide Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cell for Efficient Perovskite/CIGS Tandem Solar Cell.

Wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells (PVSCs), a promising top-cell candidate for high-performance tandem solar cells, often suffer from larger open-circuit voltage (V) deficits as the bandgap increases. Surface passivation is a common strategy to mitigate these V deficits. However, understanding the mechanisms underlying the differences in passivation effects among various types of molecules remains limited, which is crucial for developing universal interface passivation strategies and guiding the design of passivation molecules.

Evolution Driven Microscale Combinatorial Chemistry in Intracellular Mimicking Droplets to Engineer Thermostable RNA for Cellular Imaging.

Fluorescent light-up aptamer/fluorogen pairs are powerful tools for tracking RNA in the cell, however limitations in thermostability and fluorescence intensity exist. Current in vitro selection techniques struggle to mimic complex intracellular environments, limiting in vivo biomolecule functionality. Taking inspiration from microenvironment-dependent RNA folding observed in cells and organelle-mimicking droplets, an efficient system is created that uses microscale heated water droplets to simulate intracellular conditions, effectively replicating the intracellular RNA folding landscape.

Constructing Anion Solvation Microenvironment Toward Durable High-Voltage Sodium-Based Batteries.

Sodium-based rechargeable batteries are some of the most promising candidates for electric energy storage with abundant sodium reserves, particularly, sodium-based dual-ion batteries (SDIBs) perform advantages in high work voltage (≈5.0 V), high-power density, and potentially low cost. However, irreversible electrolyte decomposition and co-intercalation of solvent molecules at the electrode interface under a high charge state are blocking their development.

The relation between family factors and children's vocabulary knowledge: a comparative study of rural and urban preschoolers in China.

Although family factors are considered important for children's language acquisition, the evidence comes primarily from affluent societies. Thus, this study aimed to examine the relations between family factors (family's socioeconomic status [SES], home literacy activities, access to print resources, and parental beliefs) and children's vocabulary knowledge in both urban and rural settings in China. Data from 366 children (urban group: 109, 4.

Dispersion-based cognitive intra-individual variability in former American football players: Association with traumatic encephalopathy syndrome, repetitive head impacts, and biomarkers.

Exposure to repetitive head impacts (RHI), such as those experienced in American football, is linked to cognitive dysfunction later in life. Traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES) is a proposed clinical syndrome thought to be linked to neuropath-ology of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), a condition associated with RHI from football. Cognitive intra-individual variability (d-CIIV) measures test-score dispersion, indicating cognitive dysfunction.

Protonation-Independent Charge Transport Across Diphenylamine Single-Molecule Junctions.

Amines are one of the most ubiquitous functional groups in molecular junctions; however, the exact regulation of the charge transport through the protonation state of an amine group in the junction backbone remains elusive. We address this question here by designing a diphenylamine molecular backbone and experimentally investigating how protonation of the central amine group affects the charge transport. Our ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy measurements demonstrate the protonation reaction of the diphenylamine compound in the presence of either trifluoroacetic acid or HCl, and we observe a consistent trend of a modestly increased conductance for diphenylamine in the presence of acid, indicating that a protonated amine group in a diphenylamine backbone slightly enhances the electron conduction.

Effects of an Online Theory-Based Educational Programme for Primiparous Women on Improving Breastfeeding-Related Outcomes: A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a theory-based, Real-time-online Education and Support with Telephone follow-ups (REST) programme for primiparous women on their breastfeeding outcomes over 6 months postpartum.

Study Design: Randomised controlled trial.

Methods: Convenience sampling was used to recruit 150 low-risk primiparous mothers, and then they were randomly assigned into intervention and control groups by computerised block randomisation.

Advances in Prenatal Cell-Free DNA Screening for Dominant Monogenic Conditions: A Review of Current Progress and Future Directions in Clinical Implementation.

Prenatal cell-free DNA (cfDNA) screening has advanced significantly, extending beyond detecting aneuploidies to sub-chromosomal copy number variations. However, its application for screening dominant single-gene conditions, often caused by de novo variants, remains underutilized in the general obstetric population. This study reviews recent data and experience on prenatal cfDNA screening for dominant monogenic conditions using multiple-gene panels, highlighting its potential to enhance early detection and management of genetic disorders.

Computational Insights Into Corrosion Inhibition Mechanism: Dissociation of Imidazole on Iron Surface.

Corrosion inhibitors are widely used to mitigate safety risks and economic losses in engineering, yet post-adsorption processes remain underexplored. In this study, we employed density functional theory calculations with a periodic model to investigate the dissociation mechanisms of imidazole on the Fe(100) surface. Imidazole was found to adsorb optimally in a parallel orientation, with an adsorption energy of -0.

Semaphorin-4D signaling in recruiting dental stem cells for vascular stabilization.

Background: Achieving a stable vasculature is crucial for tissue regeneration. Endothelial cells initiate vascular morphogenesis, followed by mural cells that stabilize new vessels. This study investigated the in vivo effects of Sema4D-Plexin-B1 signaling on stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED)-supported angiogenesis, focusing on its mechanism in PDGF-BB secretion.

Chain-mediated effect of physical activity between Chinese language-based L2 motivational self-system and intended effort.

The L2 Motivational Self System (L2MSS) determines an individual's motivation in second language learning and influences the learning experience and intended effort. Although physical activity (PA) has been shown to enhance academic efficacy, the role of PA in whether it promotes second language learning efficacy has not been elucidated. Therefore, the present study examined PA as a mediator and explored its ameliorative effects in L2MSS.

Disorder-induced enhancement of lithium-ion transport in solid-state electrolytes.

Enhancing the ion conduction in solid electrolytes is critically important for the development of high-performance all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Lithium thiophosphates are among the most promising solid electrolytes, as they exhibit superionic conductivity at room temperature. However, the lack of comprehensive understanding of their ion conduction mechanism, especially the effect of structural disorder on ionic conductivity, is a long-standing problem that limits further innovations in all-solid-state LIBs.

Isovitexin targets SIRT3 to prevent steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head by modulating mitophagy-mediated ferroptosis.

The death of osteoblasts induced by glucocorticoid (GC)-mediated oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the development of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SIONFH). Improving bone formation driven by osteoblasts has shown promising outcomes in the prognosis of SIONFH. Isovitexin has demonstrated antioxidant properties, but its therapeutic effects on GC-induced oxidative stress and SIONFH remain unexplored.

Single soliton microcomb combined with optical phased array for parallel FMCW LiDAR.

The frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) technology combined with optical phased array (OPA) is promising for the all-solid-state light detection and ranging (LiDAR). We propose and experimentally demonstrate a silicon integrated OPA combined with an optical frequency microcomb for parallel LiDAR system. For realizing the parallel wavelengths emission consistent with Rayleigh criterion, the wide waveguide beyond single mode region combined with the bound state in the continuum (BIC) effect is harnessed to obtain an ultra-long optical grating antenna array.