Inhibition of Kv1.3 channel restrains macrophage M2 polarization and ameliorates renal fibrosis via regulating STAT6 phosphorylation.

Macrophages play crucial roles in regulating both homeostatic and inflammatory responses, with classical activated (M1) and alternatively activated (M2) subsets defined by the surrounding micro-environment. Renal fibrosis, developed from persistent inflammation, is worsened by M2 macrophages, yet the precise mechanisms underlying macrophage M2 polarization remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of Kv1.

Enhancing astaxanthin production from Chromochloris zofingiensis via blue light and exogenous inducers in plate photobioreactors.

This study investigates the photoinduction techniques for the maximization of astaxanthin production in Chromochloris zofingiensis following heterotrophic growth. Leveraging blue light, this study enhanced carbon allocation by suppressing the tricarboxylic acid cycle and activating the methylerythritol phosphate and pentose phosphate pathways to facilitate astaxanthin accumulation. Under blue light, an astaxanthin content of 5.

Quantification of micro- and nano-plastics in atmospheric fine particles by pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with chromatographic peak reconstruction.

The effects of micro- and nano-plastics (MNPs) on human health are of global concern because MNPs are ubiquitous, persistent, and potentially toxic, particularly when bound to atmospheric fine particles (PM). Traditional quantitative analysis of MNPs by pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) is often inaccurate because of false positive signals caused by similar polymers and organic compounds. In this study, a reliable analytical strategy combining HNO digestion and chromatographic peak reconstruction was developed to improve the precision of pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of multiple MNPs bound to PM.

Singularity of Lévy walks in the lifted Pomeau-Manneville map.

Since groundbreaking works in the 1980s it is well-known that simple deterministic dynamical systems can display intermittent dynamics and weak chaos leading to anomalous diffusion. A paradigmatic example is the Pomeau-Manneville (PM) map which, suitably lifted onto the whole real line, was shown to generate superdiffusion that can be reproduced by stochastic Lévy walks (LWs). Here, we report that this matching only holds for parameter values of the PM map that are of Lebesgue measure zero in its two-dimensional parameter space.

Mapping the relationships among bullying, cyberbullying, child maltreatment, and parental intimate partner violence: A network analysis.

Objective: This study investigates the connections among various forms of violence experienced by adolescents, both online and offline, including bullying, cyberbullying, child maltreatment, and witnessing parental intimate partner violence (IPV). The aim was to elucidate the patterns of these adversities to enhance understanding from a child-centered perspective.

Method: We conducted an online survey with a sample of 934 parents ( = 41.

Hierarchical Porous Aggregate-Enabled Chromatography-Inspired Single-Sensor E-Nose for Volatile Monitoring.

Monitoring volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is crucial for ensuring safety and health. In this study, we introduce a strategy to engineer a chromatography-inspired single-sensor (CISS) e-nose tailored for VOC monitoring. This approach overcomes the limitations of traditional methodologies and conventional e-noses.

The Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scales-21: Principal component analysis and evaluation of abbreviated versions in young adults with temporomandibular disorders.

Background: The Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) contain three subscales measuring depression, anxiety, and stress. Several abbreviated DASS-21 versions have been developed, demonstrating better clinical utility and measurement properties than the original instrument. This study explored the factor structure of various abbreviated DASS-21 versions and identified/validated the optimal one for assessing young adults with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs).

Comparison of stop-jump muscle synergies in amateur basketball players with and without asymptomatic patellar tendon abnormalities during simulated games.

: Asymptomatic patellar tendon abnormality (APTA) is considered a precursor to patellar tendinopathy (PT), but its pathogenesis remains unclear, especially regarding changes in muscle coordination. Therefore, it is essential to explore the muscle synergy patterns in individuals with APTA. This study recorded sEMG data during stop-jump tasks in 8 APTA and 8 healthy amateur male basketball players in a simulated basketball game.

Burden and attributable risk factors of non-communicable diseases and subtypes in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2021.

Background: Understanding based on up-to-date data on the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is limited, especially regarding how subtypes contribute to the overall NCD burden and the attributable risk factors across locations and subtypes. We aimed to report the global, regional, and national burden of NCDs, subtypes, and attributable risk factors in 2021, and trends from 1990 to 2021 by age, sex, and socio-demographic index (SDI).

Materials And Methods: We used data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 to estimate the prevalence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for NCDs and subtypes, along with attributable risk factors.

Assessing microclimatic influences in Colombo metropolitan area (CMA) amidst global climate change: a comprehensive study from 1980 to 2022.

Climate change has become an emerging topic, leading to widespread damage. However, when considering climate, attention is drawn to various scales, and urban microclimate has emerged as a trending subject due to its direct relevance to human living environments. Among the microclimatic factors, temperature and precipitation are utilized in order to identify trends.

Integrated care for mental health in epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-synthesis by the International League Against Epilepsy Integrated Mental Health Care Pathways Task Force.

Mental health (MH) comorbidities are prevalent among people with epilepsy (PWE), but many experience challenges accessing care. To address this, suggestions have been made to integrate MH care into epilepsy care settings, yet the current approaches, benefits, and implementation determinants to MH care integration are unclear. This review aims to synthesize existing integrated MH care models for PWE to inform the development and planning of future initiatives.

Understanding the perspectives of police officers regarding men who use drugs and drug rehabilitation in China: a qualitative study.

Drug use among men is a significant public health concern in China, with compulsory drug treatment centers being the primary approach. Police officers in these centers play a crucial role in shaping the interactions and experiences of men who use drugs (MWUD). However, little research exists on the attitudes of police officers toward MWUD in China.

Prognosis after one- and two-stage revision surgery for periprosthetic joint infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Revision surgeries for periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) in arthroplasty can follow either one- or two-stage treatment protocols. Previous studies have reported similar reinfection rates and reductions in complication rates for both treatment options. However, the literature on the selection of one protocol is still controversial.

Unmet Social Needs of Older Adults With Mobility Limitations Following Inpatient Rehabilitation Discharge in Nigeria: A Qualitative Narrative Inquiry Study.

Background And Purpose: Approximately, 30% to 60% of older adults experience functional decline following hospitalization, which has implications for their ability to meet social needs after discharge. Exploring the unmet social needs of older adults following discharge is warranted to rethink the elements of hospital discharge in low-resource countries. This study explored the unmet social needs of older adults with mobility limitations following discharge from an inpatient rehabilitation unit in a state hospital in Northern Nigeria.

Modifiable Risk Factors Including Self-Perceived Stress for Breast Cancer in Hong Kong: A Case-Control Study of 10 757 Subject.

Background: In Hong Kong, breast cancer is the commonest female cancer. In addition to intrinsic risk factors that cannot be modified, other factors may be potentially modifiable. The objective of this report was to determine modifiable risk factors in association with breast cancer among Chinese women in our locality.

Accelerated fracture healing accompanied with traumatic brain injury: A review of clinical studies, animal models and potential mechanisms.

The orthopaedic community frequently encounters polytrauma individuals with concomitant traumatic brain injury (TBI) and their fractures demonstrate accelerated fracture union, but the mechanisms remain far from clear. Animal and clinical studies demonstrate robust callus formation at the early healing process and expedited radiographical union. In humans, robust callus formation in TBI occurs independently of fracture fixation methods across multiple fracture sites.

Single-cell transcriptomics identifies the common perturbations of monocyte/macrophage lineage cells in inflammaging of bone marrow.

Background: Bone marrow inflammaging is a low-grade chronic inflammation that induces bone marrow aging. Multiple age-related and inflammatory diseases involve bone marrow inflammaging. Whether common pathological pathways exist in bone marrow inflammaging remains unclear.

Mechanism of hsa_circ_0069443 promoting early pregnancy loss through ALKBH5/FN1 axis in trophoblast cells.

Studies have shown that circRNAs play an important regulatory role in trophoblast function and embryonic development. Based on sequencing and functional experiments, we found that hsa_circ_0069443 can regulate the function of trophoblast cells, and its presence is found in the exosomes secreted by trophoblast cells. It is known that exosomes mediate the interaction between the uterus and embryo, which is crucial for successful pregnancy.

Partner phubbing and relational aggression in romantic relationships among young adults in China: the roles of social support and gender.

Introduction: Phubbing may have significant interpersonal consequences. This study examines the association between partner phubbing and relational aggression, the mediation effect of social support, and the moderation effect of gender among young Chinese adults.

Method: A total of 772 young adults currently in a romantic relationship participated in an online survey that assessed their partner phubbing, relational aggression, and social support (i.

Modular assembly of amines and diborons with photocatalysis enabled halogen atom transfer of organohalides for C(sp)-C(sp) bond formation.

In the past few years, the direct activation of organohalides by ligated boryl radicals has emerged as a potential synthetic tool for cross-coupling reactions. In most existing methods, ligated boryl radicals are accessed from NHC-boranes or amine-boranes. In this work, we report a new photocatalytic platform by modular assembly of readily available amines and diboron esters to access a library of ligated boryl radicals for reaction screening, thus enabling the cross-coupling of organohalides and alkenes including both activated and unactivated ones for C(sp)-C(sp) bond formation by using the assembly of DABCO A1 and BNepB1.

Lanthanide-tetrazine probes for bio-imaging and click chemistry.

The blood-brain-barrier prevents many imaging agents and therapeutics from being delivered to the brain that could fight central nervous system diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and strokes. However, techniques such as the use of stapled peptides or peptide shuttles may allow payloads through, with bioconjugation achieved bio-orthogonal tetrazine/norbornene click chemistry. A series of lanthanide-tetrazine probes have been synthesised herein which could be utilised in bio-orthogonal click chemistry with peptide-based delivery systems to deliver MRI agents through the blood-brain-barrier.

Efficient harvesting of triplet excitons multiple fast TTA up-conversion and high-lying reverse intersystem crossing channels for efficient blue fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes.

The efficient harvesting of triplet excitons is key to realizing high efficiency blue fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) up-conversion is one of the effective triplet-harvesting strategies. However, during the TTA up-conversion process, a high current density is necessary due to the competitive non-radiative triplet losses.

Enhancing diabetic muscle repair through W-GA nanodots: a nanomedicinal approach to ameliorate myopathy in type 2 diabetes.

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that significantly impairs muscle regeneration following injuries, contributing to numerous complications and reduced quality of life. There is an urgent need for therapeutic strategies that can enhance muscle regeneration and alleviate these pathological mechanisms. In this study, we evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of W-GA nanodots, which are composed of gallic acid (GA) and tungstate (W6+), on muscle regeneration in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D)-induced muscle injury, with a focus on their anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects.

Interaction between 24 h Urinary Free Cortisol and Obesity in Hypertension-Mediated Organ Damage in Patients with Untreated Hypertension.

Background: Given the close relationship between excessive cortisol secretion and obesity, as well as their intimate associations with cardiometabolic sequelae, this study aimed to evaluate whether elevated cortisol levels and obesity are independently and potentially interactively related to hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD) in patients with untreated hypertension.

Methods: A total of 936 untreated hypertensive patients were recruited. Body mass index (BMI), 24-hour urinary free cortisol (24 h UFC), and HMOD indicators, including left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), and albuminuria, were assessed.

Bioengineering strategies targeting angiogenesis: Innovative solutions for osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a prevalent orthopedic disorder characterized primarily by compromised blood supply. This vascular deficit results in cell apoptosis, trabecular bone loss, and structural collapse of the femoral head at late stage, significantly impairing joint function. While MRI is a highly effective tool for diagnosing ONFH in its early stages, challenges remain due to the limited availability and high cost of MRI, as well as the absence of routine MRI screening in asymptomatic patients.