Synergistic antitumor effects of polysaccharides and anthocyanins from Murr. on human colorectal carcinoma LoVo cells and the molecular mechanism.

The antitumor effects of Murr. polysaccharides (LRPS) and Murr. anthocyanins (LRAC) were comprehensively investigated in this study.

Exosomes derived from olfactory ensheathing cells provided neuroprotection for spinal cord injury by switching the phenotype of macrophages/microglia.

Transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) has been demonstrated to be beneficial for spinal cord injury (SCI) by modulating neuroinflammation, supporting neuronal survival and promoting angiogenesis. Besides OECs, the conditioned medium (CM) from OECs has also been proved to have therapeutic effects for SCI, indicating that the bioactive substances secreted by OECs are essential for its protective effects. Nevertheless, there is still little information regarding the underlying mechanisms.