Neonatal morbidity associated with maternal Group B Streptococcal colonization in individuals undergoing planned cesarean delivery.

Objective: To examine the association between unknown maternal Group B Streptococcal (GBS) colonization and the risk of severe neonatal morbidity among individuals undergoing planned cesarean delivery.

Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of a multicenter, prospective observational study of individuals with singleton gestations and planned cesarean delivery ≥37 weeks gestation with cervical dilation ≤3 cm, intact membranes, and no evidence of labor or induction. GBS status was categorized as positive, negative, or unknown.

Antiphospholipid syndrome: advances in diagnosis, pathogenesis, and management.

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a thrombo-inflammatory disease propelled by circulating autoantibodies that recognize cell surface phospholipids and phospholipid binding proteins. The result is an increased risk of thrombotic events, pregnancy morbidity, and various other autoimmune and inflammatory complications. Although antiphospholipid syndrome was first recognized in patients with lupus, the stand alone presentation of antiphospholipid syndrome is at least equally common.

Prenatal patient perceptions of receiving difficult news over the telephone.

Difficult news has been described as any news that adversely and seriously affects an individual's view of their future. Research in oncology genetic counseling demonstrated that individuals do not prefer in-person or telephone delivery of their genetic test results. However, in the prenatal setting, there is limited research examining how patients prefer news related to their pregnancies be disclosed.

Characterizing modifications to a comparative effectiveness research study: the OPTIMIZE trial-using the Framework for Reporting Adaptations and Modifications to Evidence-based Interventions (FRAME).

Background: The OPTIMIZE trial is a multi-site, comparative effectiveness research (CER) study that uses a Sequential Multiple Assessment Randomized Trial (SMART) designed to examine the effectiveness of complex health interventions (cognitive behavioral therapy, physical therapy, and mindfulness) for adults with chronic low back pain. Modifications are anticipated when implementing complex interventions in CER. Disruptions due to COVID have created unanticipated challenges also requiring modifications.

Comprehensive molecular and clinical characterization of fusions in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia.

NUP98 fusions comprise a family of rare recurrent alterations in AML, associated with adverse outcomes. In order to define the underlying biology and clinical implications of this family of fusions, we performed comprehensive transcriptome, epigenome, and immunophenotypic profiling of 2,235 children and young adults with AML and identified 160 NUP98 rearrangements (7.2%), including 108 NUP98-NSD1 (4.

Are people with diabetes getting the support they need? Deficits between support desired and received from family and friends relates to poorer health.

Objective: To determine the mismatch of desired support versus support received and to evaluate the impact of these mismatches on health outcomes of people with diabetes.

Methods: This cross-sectional study is a secondary data analysis of medical record and survey data of participants with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes from a diabetes care and education program. Biophysical metrics included HbA1c, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, and high- and low-density lipoproteins.

Glyphosate exposure and preterm birth: A nested case-control pilot study.

Preterm birth (PTB) is associated with a high risk of infant mortality and long-term adverse health effects. Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum herbicide applied in agricultural and non-agricultural settings. Studies suggested an association between maternal exposure to glyphosate and PTB among mostly racially homogenous populations, though results were inconsistent.

A Game Theory Approach for Strategic Partnerships in Academic Medicine.

Forming strategic partnerships is vital to academic health centers to further their missions of patient care, education, research, and community engagement. Formulating a strategy for such partnerships can be daunting due to the complexities of the health care landscape. The authors propose a game theory approach to partnership formation with the players being gatekeepers, facilitators, organizational employees, and economic buyers.

Whole-genome sequencing analysis in families with recurrent pregnancy loss: A pilot study.

One to two percent of couples suffer recurrent pregnancy loss and over 50% of the cases are unexplained. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) analysis has the potential to identify previously unrecognized causes of pregnancy loss, but few studies have been performed, and none have included DNA from families including parents, losses, and live births. We conducted a pilot WGS study in three families with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss, including parents, healthy live births, and losses, which included an embryonic loss (<10 weeks' gestation), fetal deaths (10-20 weeks' gestation) and stillbirths (≥ 20 weeks' gestation).

Parents' quality of life and health after treatment decision for a fetus with severe congenital heart defect.

Purpose: This exploratory study examines differences in parents' quality of life by treatment decision and the child's survival outcome in the context of life-threatening congenital heart disease (CHD).

Design And Methods: Parents of a fetus or neonate diagnosed with severe CHD enrolled in the observational control group of a clinical trial (NCT04437069) and completed quality of life (i.e.

Effect of Patient and Family Centered I-PASS on adverse event rates in hospitalized children with complex chronic conditions.

Background: Children with complex chronic conditions (CCCs) are at risk for adverse events (AEs) during hospitalizations.

Objective: We compared the effect of Patient and Family Centered (PFC)I-PASS on AE rates in children with and without CCCs.

Designs, Settings, And Participants: Patients were drawn from the PFCI-PASS study, which included 3106 hospitalized children from seven North American pediatric hospitals between December 2014 and January 2017.

Technology-Mediated Support Among Siblings of Children with Cancer.

A diagnosis of pediatric cancer can leave healthy siblings with limited access to support. Technology-mediated interpersonal interactions have been noted among adolescent and young adults with cancer and may be an effective source of support for adolescent siblings of children with cancer. In this study, we understand how adolescent siblings use technology to connect with their support network and how their technology use changes after their sibling's cancer diagnosis.

The economic burden associated with stillbirth: A systematic review.

Background: Evidence on the economic burden of stillbirth is limited. In this systematic review, we aimed to identify studies focusing on the economic burden of stillbirth, describe the methods used, and summarize the findings.

Method: We performed a systematic search in Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane library, and EconLit from inception to July 2021.

Sources of informal financial support among adolescent and young adult cancer survivors: a mixed methods analysis from the HIAYA CHAT study.

Purpose: The purpose of this exploratory sequential mixed methods study was to describe the sources of informal financial support used by adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors and how financial toxicity and demographic factors were associated with different types and magnitudes of informal financial support.

Methods: This analysis is part of a larger health insurance literacy study that included pre-trial interviews and a randomized controlled trial (RCT) for AYA cancer survivors. Eligible study participants were 18 years of age, diagnosed with cancer as an AYA (15-39 years), insured, and for the RCT sample less than 1 year from diagnosis.

Foundational Collective Actions for Achieving Agile High-Quality Primary Care in the United States.

In 2021, the National Academy of Science, Engineering, and Medicine Committee on Implementing High-Quality Primary Care published its recommendations to expand the provision of high-quality primary care in the USA. These include paying for primary care teams to care for people, ensuring that high-quality primary care is available, training primary care teams where people live and work, and designing information technology that serves the patient, family, and care team. Many of these recommendations echo those of prior calls for action, including the Institute of Medicine's 1996 report.

Percutaneous MitraClip Device or Surgical Mitral Valve Repair in Patients With Primary Mitral Regurgitation Who Are Candidates for Surgery: Design and Rationale of the REPAIR MR Trial.

Background The current standard of care for the treatment of patients with primary mitral regurgitation (MR) is surgical mitral valve repair. Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair with the MitraClip device provides a less invasive treatment option for patients with both primary and secondary MR. Worldwide, >150 000 patients have been treated with the MitraClip device.

Validity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in the Urgent Care Setting and Impact on Antibiotic Prescribing Rates.

We validated  different coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (ICD-10) encounter definitions across 2 urgent care clinics. Sensitivity of definitions varied throughout the pandemic. Inclusion of COVID-19 and COVID-19-like illness (CLI) ICD-10s rendered highest sensitivity but lowest specificity.

Evaluation of the portability of computable phenotypes with natural language processing in the eMERGE network.

The electronic Medical Records and Genomics (eMERGE) Network assessed the feasibility of deploying portable phenotype rule-based algorithms with natural language processing (NLP) components added to improve performance of existing algorithms using electronic health records (EHRs). Based on scientific merit and predicted difficulty, eMERGE selected six existing phenotypes to enhance with NLP. We assessed performance, portability, and ease of use.

Advances in Fetal Surgical Repair of Open Spina Bifida.

Spina bifida remains a common congenital anomaly of the central nervous system despite national fortification of foods with folic acid, with a prevalence of 2-4 per 10,000 live births. Prenatal screening for the early detection of this condition provides patients with the opportunity to consider various management options during pregnancy. Prenatal repair of open spina bifida, traditionally performed by the open maternal-fetal surgical approach through hysterotomy, has been shown to improve outcomes for the child, including decreased need for cerebrospinal fluid diversion surgery and improved lower neuromotor function.