Enzymatic and non-enzymatic reduction of brucine N-oxide by aldehyde oxidase and catalase.

1. Brucine N-oxide was reduced by aldehyde oxidase in rabbit liver cytosol in the presence of an electron donor, 2-hydroxypyrimidine, under anaerobic conditions. The flavoprotein purified from rabbit liver exhibited significant reductase activity in the presence of electron donors.

Molecular diagnosis of gastric cancer: present and future.

Although histopathological diagnosis is extremely useful for the definitive as well as the supportive diagnosis of gastric cancer in clinical practice, it is limited in certain respects. Over the past 15 years, integrated research in molecular pathology has clarified the details of genetic and epigenetic abnormalities of cancer-related genes in the course of the development and progression of gastric cancer. These abnormalities, which include telomerase activation, genetic instability, and abnormalities in oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, cell-cycle regulators, cell adhesion molecules, and DNA repair genes, could be effective markers in the molecular diagnosis of gastric cancer.

Meningioangiomatosis occurring in a young male without neurofibromatosis: with special reference to its histogenesis and loss of heterozygosity in the NF2 gene region.

A 16-year-old young male experienced persistent headache, and brain computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed an abnormal mass with calcification in the right temporal lobe of the cerebrum. The tumor was located in the leptomeninges and cerebral cortex. In the leptomeninges, multiple calcified-fibrous nodules were noted.

Lack of binding observed between human alpha-synuclein and Bcl-2 protein family.

alpha-Synuclein is a presynaptic protein of unknown function that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. To gain insight into the function of alpha-synuclein, the present study examined the association between alpha-synuclein and the following Bcl-2 family proteins: Bcl-2; Bcl-XL; Bcl-associated death promoter (BAD); and Bcl-2-associated X-protein. The results of a binding assay using gluthathione S-transferase (GST) fusion alpha-synuclein protein and an immunoprecipitation assay revealed that wild-type or mutant (A30P and A53T) alpha-synuclein (approximately 16 kDa) does not bind to any of these members of the Bcl-2 family.

Gut transit time after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis using a radiopaque marker.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the contribution of gastrointestinal motility to bowel function and the pathogenesis of pouchitis after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis.

Methods: Gastrointestinal transit time was assessed by a radiopaque marker technique in 32 patients with ulcerative colitis.

Results: Small intestinal transit time and pouch emptying time were 4.

Comparative pharmacokinetics of oral 6-mercaptopurine and intravenous 6-mercaptopurine riboside in children.

Background: The poor absorption of orally administered 6-mercaptopurine (6MP) causes a wide variation in its cytotoxic efficacy. An i.v.

Betaine and homocysteine concentrations in infant formulae and breast milk.

Background: Early diagnosis and treatment of homocystinuria with methionine-free or low methionine formulae significantly improve prognosis in children found by newborn screening and treated soon after birth. Betaine (Bet) supplementation is also an effective strategy for dietary treatment of homocystinuria. However, previous reports on diet therapy have only examined methionine and cysteine concentrations but not those of Bet and homocysteine (Hcy) in infant diets.

Glucose and prednisolone alter basic fibroblast growth factor expression in peritoneal mesothelial cells and fibroblasts.

The mechanism of peritoneal fibrosis in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis is poorly understood. The production of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) by human peritoneal mesothelial cells cultured in high glucose medium was investigated, and the behavior of peritoneal fibroblasts, as well as the inhibitory effect of prednisolone, was assessed. Reverse transcriptase-PCR and immunocytochemistry showed the expression of glucocorticoid receptors in mesothelial cells.

Heterogeneous genetic alterations in ovarian mucinous tumors: application and usefulness of laser capture microdissection.

Histologic observation of ovarian mucinous tumors suggests that there is a multistep transition through the accumulation of genetic alterations. We analyzed loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and replication error (RER) on TP53 and D17S855 as well as K-ras point mutations of the heterogeneous histologic areas of the same tumor in 26 cases of ovarian mucinous tumor. The laser capture microdissection (LCM) technique has been applied to the study of K-ras point mutation in 10 cases.

[Diagnosis of acute phase of venous infarction by diffusion-weighted image: case report and review of the literature].

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) can diagnose early stage not only of the arterial infarction but also of venous infarction. We successfully diagnosed a case as acute venous infarction by DWI. The patient, an infant of one year and ten months, presented disturbance of consciousness and left hemiparesis two weeks after dehydration and infections.

Endothelial dysfunction is an independent factor responsible for vasospastic angina.

In order to evaluate peripheral endothelial function in patients with vasospastic angina (VSA), we measured flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery in patients with VSA and compared it with FMD in patients without VSA. Endothelial dysfunction is considered one of the mechanisms underlying VSA. However, its exact role remains to be clarified.

A small asymptomatic intracranial aneurysm in an elderly woman that ruptured soon after discovery.

A 78-year-old woman underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to assess the deterioration of her right hemiparesis initially caused by putaminal hemorrhage that occurred 5 years prior to referral. MR imaging detected an anterior communicating artery aneurysm but no new lesion was seen that might have caused the deterioration was observed. Hemiparesis improved within several days and she was referred for endovascular treatment of the aneurysm.

Falcotentorial meningioma accompanied by temporal lobe hematoma.

We report a case of a falcotentorial meningioma accompanied by hematoma in the temporal lobe. A healthy 51 year-old-female with no history of hypertension presented with sudden onset of consciousness disturbance and right hemiparesis. Computed tomography revealed a hematoma 5.

Quantification of coronary artery calcium using multidetector CT and a retrospective ECG-gating reconstruction algorithm.

Objective: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the quality of and motion artifacts on multidetector CT scans and to compare the results with those of and on electron beam CT scans for the assessment of coronary calcium scores.

Materials And Methods: First, 20 volunteers were scanned using multidetector CT. We compared the signal-to-noise ratio in the heart, motion artifacts at the heart border, and the highest CT values in the regions of the coronary arteries using single-sector and multisector reconstruction algorithms.

Hyperinsulinemia as a risk factor for restenosis after coronary balloon angioplasty.

The present study evaluated whether hyperinsulinemia is a predictor of restenosis after coronary balloon angioplasty in 69 patients who underwent elective coronary balloon angioplasty; patients were excluded if they were known diabetics being treated with insulin. Quantitative coronary angiography was performed before and after angioplasty and at follow-up. Restenosis was defined as the presence of > or = 50% stenosis at follow-up.

(+)-Isolarisiresinol 3a-O-sulphate from leaves of Myrsine seguinii.

From leaves of Myrsine seguinii, (+)-isolarisiresinol 3a-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside and 3a-O-sulphate were isolated. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses.

Effect of obesity on endothelium-dependent, nitric oxide-mediated vasodilation in normotensive individuals and patients with essential hypertension.

The purpose of this study was to determine the interdependent and independent effects of hypertension and obesity on endothelial function in humans. We evaluated the forearm blood flow (FBF) response to acetylcholine, an endothelium-dependent vasodilator, and isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), an endothelium-independent vasodilator, in 16 lean and 12 obese normotensive individuals and the 18 lean and 15 obese hypertensive patients with no history of smoking, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, or renal dysfunction. The FBF was measured using a mercury-filled Silastic strain-gauge plethysmograph.

Usefulness of flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery and/or the intima-media thickness of the carotid artery in predicting coronary narrowing in patients suspected of having coronary artery disease.

It has been reported that flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery and the carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), markers of atherosclerosis, are altered in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), but it is still not known if the presence of CAD can be detected using these markers. We examined whether the presence of CAD can be detected by FMD of the brachial artery and/or IMT. Eighty-one patients who underwent coronary angiography for the first time were enrolled.

Thickening of sphenoid sinus mucosa during the acute stage of pituitary apoplexy.

The authors treated two patients with pituitary apoplexy in whom magnetic resonance (MR) images were obtained before and after the episode. Two days after the apoplectic episodes, MR imaging demonstrated marked thickening of the mucosa of the sphenoid sinus that was absent in the previous studies. The relevance of this change in the sphenoid sinus was investigated.

The Golgi apparatus of goblet cells in the mouse descending colon: three-dimensional visualization using a confocal laser scanning microscope.

The three-dimensional structure of the Golgi apparatus was studied in goblet cells in lectin-stained sections of the mouse descending colon by using a confocal laser scanning microscope. In the lower part of the crypt, the Golgi apparatus formed a dome- or globe-like structure in the supranuclear region. The wall of the dome had some holes, one of which usually faced toward the nucleus and others toward the apical cytoplasm.

Clinical features and treatment response of patients with major depression and silent cerebral infarction.

Previously, we reported a relationship between silent cerebral infarction (SCI), as detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and late onset major depression. In the present study, we clarify the clinical features of the depressive phase of patients with major depression and SCI, and their response to antidepressant pharmacotherapy. Using clinical charts, we retrospectively examined patients with depression, who were first admitted for antidepressant pharmacotherapy.

Effect of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor imidapril on reactive hyperemia in patients with essential hypertension: relationship between treatment periods and resistance artery endothelial function.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor imidapril and the calcium antagonist amlodipine on endothelial function before and after 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 weeks of treatment.

Background: There are limited data on whether and how long endothelial function is improved after initiation of ACE inhibitor treatment and how the grade of endothelial function further progresses after improvement of endothelial dysfunction in patients with essential hypertension.

Methods: The forearm blood flow (FBF) was measured in 25 patients with essential hypertension and in 25 normotensive subjects by using strain-gauge plethysmography during reactive hyperemia (RH) (280 mm Hg for 5 min) and after sublingual administration of nitroglycerin (NTG, 0.

Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of ADH (SIADH) following cisplatin administration in a pulmonary adenocarcinoma patient with a malignant pleural effusion.

We report a patient with pulmonary adenocarcinoma complicated by the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) following systemic chemotherapy with cisplatin (CDDP) and vindesine (VDS). A 66-year-old woman was diagnosed as having pulmonary adenocarcinoma with malignant pleural effusion following investigations for cough and dyspnea. After drainage of the effusion she received combination chemotherapy with CDDP and VDS.