Impacts of donor age and HLA mismatch on HCT outcomes differ according to the donor CMV serostatus in unrelated allo-HCT.

In unrelated allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT), older and/or HLA-mismatched donors are known risk factors for survival outcomes. In healthy individuals, cytomegalovirus (CMV) seropositivity is associated with impaired adaptive immune systems. We assessed whether the adverse effects of donor risk factors are influenced by the donor CMV serostatus.

Machine learning validation of a simple prediction model for the correlation between advanced age and clinical outcomes in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Adverse effects of advanced age and poor initial neurological status on outcomes of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) have been documented. While a predictive model of the non-linear correlation between advanced age and clinical outcome has been reported, no previous model has been validated. Therefore, we created a prediction model of the non-linear correlation between advanced age and clinical outcome by machine learning and validated it using a separate cohort.

Usefulness of Myelin Quantification Using Synthetic Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Predicting Outcomes in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Background: Synthetic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an innovative MRI technology that enables the acquisition of multiple quantitative values, including T1 and T2 values, proton density, and myelin volume, in a single scan. Although the usefulness of myelin measurement with synthetic MRI has been reported for assessing several diseases, investigations in patients with stroke have not been reported. We aimed to explore the utility of myelin quantification using synthetic MRI in predicting outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

New future dental material: Antimicrobial material "cetylpyridinium chloride-montmorillonite" and implantable material "phosphorylated pullulan".

In dental practice, there are two major diseases: dental caries and periodontal disease. Although dental treatment techniques have advanced along with advances in dental materials, some diseases such as root surface caries and horizontal bone resorption have not yet achieved satisfactory treatment results. Since these diseases are infections caused by oral bacteria, we believe that materials with long-lasting antimicrobial properties would help control these diseases.

Significant Disparities in Adolescents With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Across Trauma Center Types: Wide Variation of Tracheostomy and Gastrostomy.

Objectives: To explore practice variations in the rate and timing of tracheostomy and gastrostomy for adolescent with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) across trauma center types.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Trauma centers participating in the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program (2017-2021) included adult (ATC), mixed (MTC), and pediatric trauma centers (PTC).

Noninvasive Assessment of Vascular Function: From Physiological Tests to Biomarkers.

Vascular function is impaired by conditions such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes as well as coronary risk factors including age, smoking, obesity, menopause and physical inactivity. Measurement of vascular function is useful not only for assessment of atherosclerosis itself but also in many other aspects such as understanding the pathophysiology, assessing treatment efficacy, and predicting prognosis of cardiovascular events. It is therefore important to accurately assess the extent of vascular function.

Association between hypoxemia and quality of life in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and sleep-disordered breathing.

Unlabelled: Sleep-disordered breathing is common among patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), and might impact their quality of life due to nighttime hypoxemia and awakenings. However, the factors contributing to deterioration in quality of life remain unclear. This study investigated the factors associated with quality of life deterioration in patients with HFpEF and sleep-disordered breathing.

Theoretical and machine learning models for reaction-barrier predictions: acrylate and methacrylate radical reactions.

We propose density functional theory (DFT)- and random forest (RF)-based theoretical and machine learning (ML) models, respectively, for predicting reaction barriers (Δ) using acrylate and methacrylate radical reactions as representatives. DFT is used to determine 100 transition state (TS) structures of both radicals, after which the obtained data are used to determine theoretical relationships (explained with Bell-Evans-Polanyi or Brønsted-Evans-Polanyi (BEP) and Marcus-like models) between Δ and stabilization energy of the product. Next, we construct several theoretical regression models for predicting Δ of the representative reactions based on our theoretical analyses, presenting an RF-based ML model that eases Δ predictions by circumventing time-consuming DFT calculations.

Approaches for difficult-to-induce-seizures electroconvulsive therapy cases (DEC): a Japanese expert consensus.

Background: Seizure threshold increases with age and the frequency of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Therefore, therapeutic seizures can be difficult to induce, even at maximum stimulus charge with available ECT devices. Such cases are known as difficult-to-induce-seizures electroconvulsive therapy cases (DECs).

Advocacy in Action: International Patient Group Improves Hereditary Angioedema Diagnosis and Care Across the Asia-Pacific.

This study demonstrates that patient advocacy groups significantly enhance medication availability and improve diagnosis of hereditary angioedema (HAE), particularly in emerging economies within the Asia-Pacific region. This study supports integrating patient advocacy group involvement into management guidelines, emphasising their role in improving access to diagnostics and treatment for HAE.

Analysis of Departures from Linearity in the Dose Response for Japanese Atomic Bomb Survivor Solid Cancer Mortality and Cancer Incidence Data and Assessment of Low-Dose Extrapolation Factors.

Although leukemia in the Japanese atomic bomb survivor data has long exhibited upward curvature, until recently this appeared not to be the case for solid cancer. It has been suggested that the recently observed upward curvature in the dose response for the Japanese atomic bomb survivor solid cancer mortality data may be accounted for by flattening of the dose response in the moderate dose range (0.3-0.

Methylglyoxal compromises callus mineralization and impairs fracture healing through suppression of osteoblast terminal differentiation.

Impaired fracture healing in diabetic patients leads to prolonged morbidity and increased healthcare costs. Methylglyoxal (MG), a reactive metabolite elevated in diabetes, is implicated in various complications, but its direct impact on bone healing remains unclear. Here, using a non-diabetic murine tibial fracture model, we demonstrate that MG directly impairs fracture healing.

Phase transitions, Dirac and Weyl semimetal states in MnGeBiTe.

Using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and density functional theory (DFT), an experimental and theoretical study of changes in the electronic structure (dispersion dependencies) and corresponding modification of the energy band gap at the Dirac point (DP) for topological insulator (TI) [Formula: see text] have been carried out with gradual replacement of magnetic Mn atoms by non-magnetic Ge atoms when concentration of the latter was varied from 10% to 75%. It was shown that when Ge concentration increases, the bulk band gap decreases and reaches zero plateau in the concentration range of 45-60% while trivial surface states (TrSS) are present and exhibit an energy splitting of 100 and 70 meV in different types of measurements. It was also shown that TSS disappear from the measured band dispersions at a Ge concentration of about 40%.

Effectiveness for remission maintenance rate and safety of different rituximab regimens for treating anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis in Japan: a J-CANVAS study.

Rituximab (RTX) has been reported to effectively maintain remission in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV). In this multicenter study involving 57 patients who achieved remission after 24 weeks, we evaluated the effectiveness of RTX in maintaining remission in patients with AAV. Patients were divided into three groups based on RTX administration: continuous, induction phase-only, and maintenance phase-only groups.

Deciphering repair pathways of clustered DNA damage in human TK6 cells: insights from atomic force microscopy direct visualization.

Ionizing radiation induces various types of DNA damage, and the reparability and lethal effects of DNA damage differ depending on its spatial density. Elucidating the structure of radiation-induced clustered DNA damage and its repair processes will enhance our understanding of the lethal impact of ionizing radiation and advance progress toward precise therapeutics. Previously, we developed a method to directly visualize DNA damage using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and classified clustered DNA damage into simple base damage clusters (BDCs), complex BDCs and complex double-strand breaks (DSBs).

The Association of Sodium or Potassium Intake Timing with Athens Insomnia Scale Scores: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background/objectives: Insomnia is a significant public health problem affecting a large population. Although previous research has explored the relationship between specific nutrients and insomnia, comprehensive analyses of daily eating patterns of macro- and micronutrients remain limited. Since nocturnal hypertension is related to sodium/potassium intake and sleep disturbances, the present cross-sectional study hypothesized that daily eating patterns of potassium and sodium would be associated with Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) scores.

FXR Activation Accelerates Early Phase of Osteoblast Differentiation Through COX-2-PGE-EP4 Axis in BMP-2-Induced Mouse Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a nuclear receptor, is expressed in calvaria and bone marrow stromal cells and plays a role in bone homeostasis. However, the mechanism of FXR-activated osteoblast differentiation remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the regulatory mechanism underlying FXR-activated osteoblast differentiation using bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2)-induced mouse ST-2 mesenchymal stem cells.

Impact of Nurse Staffing Levels on Patient Fall Rates: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study in General Wards in Japan.

: Falls are common adverse events among hospitalized patients, affecting outcomes and placing a financial burden on patients and hospitals. This study investigated the relationship between nurse staffing/workload and patient falls during hospitalization. : The patients studied were hospitalized in the general wards (excluding pediatrics and obstetrics/gynecology) of 11 National Hospital Organization institutions between April 2019 and March 2020.

Association Between Dynapenia/Sarcopenia, Extrapyramidal Symptoms, Negative Symptoms, Body Composition, and Nutritional Status in Patients with Chronic Schizophrenia.

This study aimed to determine the association between chronic schizophrenia, extrapyramidal symptoms (EPSs), body composition, nutritional status, and dynapenia/sarcopenia. Data from 68 chronic patients with schizophrenia were analyzed using Spearman's rho correlation coefficients, Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Cramér's V statistics. Among the participants, 32.

Efficacy of tranilast in preventing exacerbating cardiac function and death from heart failure in muscular dystrophy patients with advanced-stage heart failure: a single-arm, open-label, multicenter study.

Background: Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 2 (TRPV2) functions as a stretch-sensitive calcium channel, with overexpression in the sarcolemma of skeletal and cardiac myocytes leading to detrimental calcium influx and triggering muscle degeneration. In our previous pilot study, we showed that tranilast, a TRPV2 inhibitor, reduced brain natriuretic peptide levels in two patients with muscular dystrophy and advanced heart failure. Building on this, we performed a single-arm, open-label, multicenter study herein to evaluate the safety and efficacy of tranilast in the treatment of advanced heart failure in patients with muscular dystrophy.

An item response theory analysis of the Dissociative Experiences Scale II: examining psychometric properties and longitudinal stability among Japanese adults.

Background: The Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES-II) is widely used globally. However, psychometric properties of the scale have not been adequately examined. The present study aimed to examine the psychometric properties and longitudinal stability of the DES-II.