Laparoscopic Ladd'S Procedure in Children: Challenges, Results, and Problems.

Background: Laparoscopic correction of malrotation in children is challenging. Authors review their experience with indications, results and problems of laparoscopic correction of malrotation.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective study of 41 cases of children who were diagnosed as Intestinal malrotation on clinical and radiological evaluation.

18F-fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography computed tomography-guided diagnosis of prostatic and leptomeningeal tuberculosis.

Genitourinary tuberculosis contributes to 10%-14% of extrapulmonary TB. Prostate tuberculosis is rare and usually found incidentally following transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia. We report a case of an immunocompetent patient with pyrexia of unknown origin, on evaluation with whole-body 18F-fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography computed tomography scan found to have suspicious prostatic primary, with hypermetabolic abnormalities involving the brain.

IgG4-Related disease simulating paraneoplastic syndrome: Role of FDG PET/CT imaging.

Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related systemic disease (IgG4-RSD) is a new systemic entity associated with autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). Other organ involvements take the form of sclerosing cholangitis, sclerosing cholecystitis, sclerosing sialadenitis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, and interstitial nephritis. Recently, lung diseases related to IgG4 have been described to occur with or without other organ involvement.

Effectiveness and safety of bedaquiline-containing regimens in the treatment of MDR- and XDR-TB: a multicentre study.

Large studies on bedaquiline used to treat multidrug-resistant (MDR-) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) are lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of bedaquiline-containing regimens in a large, retrospective, observational study conducted in 25 centres and 15 countries in five continents.428 culture-confirmed MDR-TB cases were analysed (61.

Potassium Chloride Infusion as the Cause of Altered Bio Distribution of F-Fluorodeoxyglucose on Whole-Body Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography Scan.

F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography is a standard diagnostic imaging tool in many types of cancer. Its physiological distribution includes the brain, liver, heart, kidneys, and urinary tract at 1 h after tracer injection. Skeletal muscle is known to show variable amounts of F-FDG uptake because it has a relatively high-glucose metabolism.

Measurement of eye lens dose for Varian On-Board Imaging with different cone-beam computed tomography acquisition techniques.

The objective of this work was to measure patient eye lens dose for different cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) acquisition protocols of Varian's On-Board Imaging (OBI) system using optically stimulated luminescence dosimeter (OSLD) and to study the variation in eye lens dose with patient geometry and distance of isocenter to the eye lens. During the experimental measurements, OSLD was placed on the patient between the eyebrows of both eyes in line of nose during CBCT image acquisition to measure eye lens doses. The eye lens dose measurements were carried out for three different cone-beam acquisition protocols (standard dose head, low-dose head [LDH], and high-quality head [HQH]) of Varian OBI.

Who will teach the teachers: An analysis of the inhaler technique of Indian patients and health care providers in a tertiary health care centre.

Introduction: The proper use of inhalers is essential for ensuring proper control of the disease. Various studies have shown high levels of improper use and lack of knowledge of the correct technique among patients with asthma. However, less data are available on how health care workers (HCW's) use inhalers.

Pioneers in Antimicrobial Chemotherapy.

"If we are not careful, we soon will be in the post-antibiotic era, and for some patients and some microbes we are already there"- Tom Friedan Antibiotics revolutionized medicine in the 20th century. The era of antibacterial chemotherapy began in 1907 with the discovery of arsphenamine, first synthesized by Alferd Bertheim and Paul Ehrlich in 1907, used to treat syphilis. The first systemically active antibiotic, Prontosil was discovered in 1933 by Gerhard Domagk, for which he was awarded the 1939 Nobel Prize.

Recent Advances in Psoriatic Arthritis from Obscurity to Prominence.

Psoriatic arthritis is a fascinating inflammatory arthritis. Till recently it did not generate interest for lack of understanding of its immunopathology, and lack of effective treatment. This has changed.

The Concepts that Revolutionized the Field of Infectious Diseases.

The fields of Microbiology and Infectious diseases have developed tremendously in the 19th and the 20th centuries. Four revolutionary concepts that evolved during this period form the cornerstones on which these fields have developed further.

Caveats of bisphosphonate abuse.

Background: Bisphosphonates (BPs) are the common drugs used for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Short term benefits of the BPs are well known. However, there are concerns regarding their long term use.

Unusual case of infantile fibrosarcoma evaluated on F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography.

Infantile fibrosarcoma (IFS) is a rare soft-tissue sarcoma originating from extremities and occasionally from axial soft tissue. The prognosis is good with favorable long-term survival. It is rarely metastasizing tumor, the chances being lesser with IFS originating from extremities.

Possible impact of the standardized Category IV regimen on multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients in Mumbai.

Background: Treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in the Programmatic Management of Drug-resistant TB program involves a standard regimen with a 6-month intensive phase and an 18-month continuation phase. However, the local drug resistance patterns in high MDR regions such as Mumbai may not be adequately reflected in the design of the regimen for that particular area.

Setting: The study was carried out at a private Tertiary Level Hospital in Mumbai in a mycobacteriology laboratory equipped to perform the second-line drug susceptibility testing (DST).

A Rare Cause of Chronic Life Threatening Bleeding in a Girl: The Ulcerated Blind Loops.

Ulceration in a blind loop can lead to massive gastrointestinal tract (GIT) bleeding. A 13-year old girl presented with symptomatic melena requiring repeated blood transfusion since childhood. She was an operated case of small bowel atresia in neonatal life.

Internal iliac artery pseudoaneurysm in primary total hip arthroplasty.

Vascular injury is one of the rare complications of primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). We report an unusual case of lobulated pseudoaneurysm arising from one of the branches of the left internal iliac artery during acetabulum preparation in THA, which was successfully treated with coil embolization and multidisciplinary care. After 6 years follow up, patient did not have any symptoms related to the hip replacement.

Novel modification of second generation intramedullary PMMA cementing technique for narrow upper and lower extremity canals.

Purpose: It is very difficult to cement intramedullary canals smaller than 10 mm with standard commercially available cement syringes due to mismatch in canal and syringe diameters. This is often encountered in children and in the upper limb. We describe a simple method of cementing, using cement gun with size-matched plastic endotracheal tube (ET).

Use of image guided radiation therapy techniques and imaging dose measurement at Indian hospitals: A survey.

A national survey was conducted to obtain information about the use of image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) techniques and IGRT dose measurement methods being followed at Indian radiotherapy centers. A questionnaire containing parameters relevant to use of IGRT was prepared to collect the information pertaining to (i) availability and type of IGRT delivery system, (ii) frequency of image acquisition protocol and utilization of these images for different purpose, and (iii) imaging dose measurement. The questionnaire was circulated to 75 hospitals in the country having IGRT facility, and responses of 51 centers were received.

Manubriosternal dislocation with spinal fracture: A rare cause for delayed haemothorax.

Type 2 manubriosternal dislocations with concomitant spinal fracture are rare and may be associated with thoracic visceral injuries. The complication of delayed haemothorax has not been reported yet. We report a case of a young male who suffered manubriosternal dislocation with chance type thoracic spine fracture due to fall of a tree branch over his back.