The optimal cut-off value in fit-based colorectal cancer screening: An observational study.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs using fecal immunochemical test (FIT) have to choose a cut-off value to decide which citizens to recall for colonoscopy. The evidence on the optimal cut-off value is sparse and based on studies with a low number of cancer cases.

Methods: This observational study used data from the Danish Colorectal Cancer Screening Database.

The impact of dysfunctional breathing on the level of asthma control in difficult asthma.

Background: Difficult asthma is defined as asthma requiring high dose treatment. However, systematic assessment is required to differentiate severe asthma from difficult-to-treat asthma. Dysfunctional breathing (DB) is a common comorbidity in difficult asthma, which may contribute to symptoms, but how it affects commonly used measures of symptom control is unclear.

The NAME trial: a direct comparison of classical oral Navelbine versus Metronomic Navelbine in metastatic breast cancer.

Chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is in general given in cycles of maximum tolerated doses to potentially maximize the therapeutic outcome. However, when compared with targeted therapies for MBC, conventional and dose intensified chemotherapy has caused only modest survival benefits during the recent decades, often compromising the quality of life considerably. Navelbine is an antineoplastic agent that has shown efficacy in the treatment of a variety of cancer types, including breast cancer.

Differentiation of adult severe asthma from difficult-to-treat asthma - Outcomes of a systematic assessment protocol.

Background: Guidelines recommend a differentiation of difficult-to-treat asthma from severe asthma. However, this might be complex and to which extent this distinction is achievable in clinical practice remains unknown.

Objective: To evaluate to which degree a systematic evaluation protocol enables a differentiation between severe versus difficult-to-treat asthma in patients in specialist care on high intensity asthma treatment, i.

Three years of colorectal cancer screening in Denmark.

Background: The Danish National Colorectal Cancer Screening Programme was implemented in March 2014 and is offered free of charge to all residents aged 50-74 years. The aim of this study is to compare performance indicators from the Danish National Colorectal Cancer Screening Programme to the recommendations from European Guidelines in order to assure the quality of the programme and to provide findings relevant to other population-based colorectal cancer screening programmes.

Methods: Based on data from the Danish Colorectal Cancer Screening Database, we evaluated all performance indicators for which the European Guidelines provided acceptable level, desirable level or the level from first screening rounds in population-based studies using FIT.

Characteristics of children aged 2-17 years undergoing anaesthesia in Danish hospitals 2005-2015: a national observational study.

Provision of paediatric anaesthesia requires careful consideration of the child's cognitive state, unique body composition and physiology. In an observational cohort study, we describe the population characteristics and conduct of anaesthesia in children aged 2-17 years from 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2015. Children were identified from the Danish Anaesthesia Database.

Characteristics of children less than 2 years of age undergoing anaesthesia in Denmark 2005-2015: a national observational study.

There are few data available that describe the current anaesthetic management of children. We have analysed anaesthetic practice and peri-operative complications for children in Denmark aged less than two years. We conducted a population-based observational cohort study using the Danish Anaesthesia Database to identify children who received anaesthesia in hospital from 1 January 2005 until 31 December 2015.

Differential effects of age and sex on insulin sensitivity and body composition in adolescent offspring of women with type 1 diabetes: results from the EPICOM study.

Aims/hypothesis: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of age and sex on insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in the adolescent offspring of women with type 1 diabetes, compared with the background population.

Methods: This was a prospective nationwide follow-up study (Epigenetic, Genetic and Environmental Effects on Growth, Cognitive Functions and Metabolism in Offspring of Women with Type 1 Diabetes [EPICOM]) in a Danish population. We examined 278 offspring of women with type 1 diabetes from the Danish Diabetes Association Register born during 1993-1999 (index offspring) and 303 control offspring, identified through the Danish Central Office of Civil Registration and matched to the index offspring with respect to date of birth, sex and postal code.

Abnormal levels of adipokines in adolescent offspring of women with type 1 diabetes - Results from the EPICOM study.

Aims/hypothesis: To investigate long-term consequences of diabetes during pregnancy, we determined adiponectin and leptin levels in adolescents born by women with type 1 diabetic (T1D) or non-diabetic mothers, and determined associations between adiponectin and leptin levels in adolescence and the magnitude of intrauterine hyperglycemia.

Research Design And Methods: We measured serum adiponectin and leptin and calculated leptin to adiponectin ratio (LAR) in 271 offspring of T1D women (index offspring) (13-20years), and 297 matched control offspring. Anthropometry included total body fat (TBF) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and an oral glucose tolerance test.

Fetal Hyperglycemia Changes Human Preadipocyte Function in Adult Life.

Context: Offspring of women with gestational diabetes (O-GDM) or type 1 diabetes mellitus (O-T1DM) have been exposed to hyperglycemia in utero and have an increased risk of developing metabolic disease in adulthood.

Design: In total, we recruited 206 adult offspring comprising the two fetal hyperglycemic groups, O-GDM and O-T1DM, and, as a control group, offspring from the background population (O-BP). Subcutaneous fat biopsies were obtained and preadipocyte cell cultures were established from adult male O-GDM (n = 18, age 30.

Off-site training of laparoscopic skills, a scoping review using a thematic analysis.

Background: The focus of research in simulation-based laparoscopic training has changed from examining whether simulation training works to examining how best to implement it. In laparoscopic skills training, portable and affordable box trainers allow for off-site training. Training outside simulation centers and hospitals can increase access to training, but also poses new challenges to implementation.

Gene Expression and DNA Methylation of PPARGC1A in Muscle and Adipose Tissue From Adult Offspring of Women With Diabetes in Pregnancy.

Prenatal exposure to maternal hyperglycemia is associated with an increased risk of later adverse metabolic health. Changes in the regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PPARGC1A) in skeletal muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) is suggested to play a role in the developmental programming of dysmetabolism based on studies of human subjects exposed to an abnormal intrauterine environment (e.g.

The introduction of sialendoscopy has significantly contributed to a decreased number of excised salivary glands in Denmark.

Excision has been the treatment of choice in benign non-tumorous obstructive disorders of the major salivary glands, when symptoms persisted in spite of conservative measures. Unfortunately surgical resection has been associated with a relatively high rate of adverse effects. To meet the need for a less invasive treatment modality for benign obstructive non-tumorous disorders (i.

Comprehensive feedback on trainee surgeons' non-technical skills.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the content of conversations, feedback style, and perceived usefulness of feedback to trainee surgeons when conversations were stimulated by a tool for assessing surgeons' non-technical skills.

Methods: Trainee surgeons and their supervisors used the Non-Technical Skills for Surgeons in Denmark tool to stimulate feedback conversations. Audio recordings of post-operation feedback conversations were collected.

Assessing trainee surgeons' nontechnical skills: five cases are sufficient for reliable assessments.

Background: Trainee surgeons would benefit from regular, formative assessments to ensure they learn the nontechnical aspects of surgical performance. Non-Technical Skills for Surgeons in Denmark (NOTSSdk) is a tool to assess surgeons' nontechnical skills (NTS) during an operation. The aims of this study were to explore which parts of NOTSSdk supervisors use to assess trainee surgeons' NTS, to determine the internal consistency reliability of NOTSSdk, and to estimate how many operations were needed to obtain reliable ratings of a trainee surgeon's NTS.

Incidence of cold-induced peripheral neuropathy and dose modification of adjuvant oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy for patients with colorectal cancer.

Background: The CAPOX regimen is used for adjuvant treatment of colorectal cancer. A well-known side effect of oxaliplatin, which often leads to dose modification (DM), is acute neuropathy (AN). AN is provoked by cold, and it could therefore be expected that the degree of AN and thereby DM is more pronounced in the winter period compared to the summer period.

Hospital contacts for endocrine disorders in Adult Life after Childhood Cancer in Scandinavia (ALiCCS): a population-based cohort study.

Background: The pattern of endocrine disorders in long-term survivors of childhood cancer has not been investigated comprehensively. Here, we aimed to assess the lifetime risk of these disorders in Nordic survivors of childhood cancer.

Methods: From the national cancer registries of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden, we identified 31,723 1-year survivors of childhood cancer, notified since the start of registration in the 1940s and 1950s.

In vitro validation of an ultra-sensitive scanning fluorescence microscope for analysis of circulating tumor cells.

Analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTC) holds promise of providing liquid biopsies from patients with cancer. However, current methods include enrichment procedures. We present a method (CytoTrack), where CTC from 7.

Lingual neurofibroma causing dysaesthesia of the tongue.

Neurofibroma is a benign tumour derived from the neural sheaths of peripheral nerves and composed of Schwann cells, fibroblast-like cells and intermediate cells. The usual clinical presentation of an oral neurofibroma is swelling. A 62-year-old woman was referred to our department of otorhinolaryngology with irritation and dysaesthesia of the lateral aspect of the tongue.

Cognitive function in adult offspring of women with gestational diabetes--the role of glucose and other factors.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate cognitive function in adult offspring of women with diet-treated gestational diabetes and to study potential associations with maternal glucose values.

Materials And Methods: In 2003-2005 cognitive function was assessed in a cohort of 18-27 year old offspring of women with diet-treated gestational diabetes mellitus (n = 153) and offspring from the background population (n = 118). The main outcome measure was global cognitive score derived from Raven's Progressive Matrices and three verbal subtests from the Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale.

Experiences with global trigger tool reviews in five Danish hospitals: an implementation study.

Objectives: To describe experiences with the implementation of global trigger tool (GTT) reviews in five Danish hospitals and to suggest ways to improve the performance of GTT review teams.

Design: Retrospective observational study.

Setting: The measurement and monitoring of harms are crucial to campaigns to improve the safety of patients.

The efficacy of virtual reality simulation training in laparoscopy: a systematic review of randomized trials.

Background: Virtual reality (VR) simulators for surgical training might possess the properties needed for basic training in laparoscopy. Evidence for training efficacy of VR has been investigated by research of varying quality over the past decade.

Objective: To review randomized controlled trials regarding VR training efficacy compared with traditional or no training, with outcome measured as surgical performance in humans or animals.