Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a condition, where individuals report persistent decline of cognitive abilities, even though this decline is not detectable by neuropsychological screenings. Individuals with SCD are at a higher risk of suffering from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the future. It is important to better understand SCD to develop prevention measures, before a transition from a possible preclinical stage to MCI and AD.

More Than Body Parts: A New Ethos of Anatomy Education.

A new ethos of anatomy education goes beyond the learning of body parts in the traditional curriculum. In the traditional curriculum, the focus of only providing information on the structure of the human body left certain learning opportunities overlooked, marginalized, or dismissed as irrelevant; thus, opportunities to foster and shape professional attributes in health care learners were lost. Furthermore, changes in curricula structures and reductions in anatomy teaching hours have necessitated a transformation in how anatomy education is perceived and delivered.

A novel 3D image registration technique for augmented reality vision in minimally invasive thoracoscopic pulmonary segmentectomy.

Purpose: In this feasibility study, we aimed to create a dedicated pulmonary augmented reality (AR) workflow to enable a semi-automated intraoperative overlay of the pulmonary anatomy during video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) or robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (RATS).

Methods: Initially, the stereoscopic cameras were calibrated to obtain the intrinsic camera parameters. Intraoperatively, stereoscopic images were recorded and a 3D point cloud was generated from these images.

Five-Year Outcomes of Lenadogene Nolparvovec Gene Therapy in Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy.

Importance: Limited studies have assessed the long-term benefit/risk of gene therapy for Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON).

Objective: To determine the safety and efficacy of lenadogene nolparvovec in patients with LHON due to the MT-ND4 gene variant for up to 5 years after administration.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The RESCUE and REVERSE Long-Term Follow-up Study (RESTORE), conducted from 2018 to 2022, is the 5-year follow-up study of the 2 phase 3 clinical studies RESCUE (Efficacy Study of Lenadogene Nolparvovec for the Treatment of Vision Loss Up to 6 Months From Onset in LHON Due to the MT-ND4 Mutation) and REVERSE (Efficacy Study of Lenadogene Nolparvovec for the Treatment of Vision Loss From 7 Months to 1 Year From Onset in LHON Due to the MT-ND4 Mutation).

Significant nocturnal wakefulness after sleep onset in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a multisystemic disease with a multifactorial pathogenesis involving dietary, environmental, and genetic factors. Previous mouse models suggested that circadian misalignment may additionally influence its development as it influences metabolism in diverse organs including the liver. Further, data from sleep questionnaires proved sleep-wake disruption in patients with MASLD.

Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome Is Associated With a Unique Genetic Profile in a Highly Admixed Pediatric Population.

Introduction: The profile of genetic and nongenetic factors associated with progression to kidney failure (KF) in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) is largely unknown in admixed populations.

Methods: A total of 101 pediatric patients with primary SRNS were genetically assessed targeting Mendelian causes and status with a 62-NS-gene panel or whole exome sequencing, as well as genetic ancestry. Variant pathogenicity was evaluated using the American College Medical of Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) criteria.

Run-off impacts on Arctic kelp holobionts have strong implications on ecosystem functioning and bioeconomy.

Kelps (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae) are foundation species along Arctic rocky shores, providing the basis for complex ecosystems and supporting a high secondary production. Due to ongoing climate change glacial and terrestrial run-off are currently accelerating, drastically changing physical and chemical water column parameters, e.g.

Axillary Surgery in Breast Cancer - Primary Results of the INSEMA Trial.

Background: Whether surgical axillary staging as part of breast-conserving therapy can be omitted without compromising survival has remained unclear.

Methods: In this prospective, randomized, noninferiority trial, we investigated the omission of axillary surgery as compared with sentinel-lymph-node biopsy in patients with clinically node-negative invasive breast cancer staged as T1 or T2 (tumor size, ≤5 cm) who were scheduled to undergo breast-conserving surgery. We report here the per-protocol analysis of invasive disease-free survival (the primary efficacy outcome).

[From vibration trauma to pharyngeal muscle instability: A self-sustaining pathophysiological process (circulus vitiosus) in obstructive sleep apnea].

Pharyngeal stability is ensured by both anatomical and non-anatomical factors. In addition to the anatomical width, functional factors are also significant in determining the degree of obstruction of the upper airway. The functionality of the pharyngeal muscles depends on an undisturbed sensorimotor system.

Late Pleistocene onset of mutualistic human/canid ( spp.) relationships in subarctic Alaska.

Large canids (wolves, dogs, and coyote) and people form a close relationship in northern (subarctic and arctic) socioecological systems. Here, we document the antiquity of this bond and the multiple ways it manifested in interior Alaska, a region key to understanding the peopling of the Americas and early northern lifeways. We compile original and existing genomic, isotopic, and osteological canid data from archaeological, paleontological, and modern sites.

Parenthood status and plasma oxytocin levels predict specific emotion perception abilities.

Superior recognition of positive emotional facial expressions compared to negative expressions is well established. However, it is unclear whether this superiority effect differs between non-parents and parents, for whom emotion perception (EP) is an indispensable skill. Although EP has been shown to be modulated by the neuropeptide oxytocin, a central factor in the development of parental care, very little research has addressed the relationship between EP skills, the transition to parenthood, and plasma oxytocin levels.

Effect of particles from wind turbine blades erosion on blue mussels Mytilus edulis.

Offshore wind farms (OWFs) pose new anthropogenic pressures on the marine environment as the erosion of turbine blades release organic and inorganic substances with potential consequences for marine life. In the present study, possible effects of the released particles and their chemical constituents on the metabolic profile of the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis, were investigated, utilizing H NMR spectroscopy. In the lab, mussels were exposed for 7 and 14 days to different concentrations (10 and 40 mg L) of microplastic (MP) particles which were derived from cryo-milled rotor blade coatings and core materials (glass fiber polymer, GFP).

Hydrogen Bonding and Noncovalent Electric Field Effects in the Photoconversion of a Phytochrome.

A profound understanding of protein structure and mechanism requires dedicated experimental and theoretical tools to elucidate electrostatic and hydrogen bonding interactions in proteins. In this work, we employed an approach to disentangle noncovalent and hydrogen-bonding electric field changes during the reaction cascade of a multidomain protein, i.e.

Stabilizing selection in an identified multisensory neuron in blind cavefish.

The ability to follow the evolutionary trajectories of specific neuronal cell types has led to major insights into the evolution of the vertebrate brain. Here, we study how cave life in the Mexican tetra () has affected an identified giant multisensory neuron, the Mauthner neuron (MN). Because this neuron is crucial in driving rapid escapes, the absence of predation risk in the cave forms predicts a massive reduction in this neuron.

Diagnosing Bone Metastases in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis on Diagnostic Test Accuracy Studies of 2-[F]FDG-PET/CT, F-NaF-PET/CT, MRI, Contrast-Enhanced CT, and Bone Scintigraphy.

This systematic review and network meta-analysis aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of 2-[F]FDG-PET/CT, F-NaF-PET/CT, MRI, contrast-enhanced CT, and bone scintigraphy for diagnosing bone metastases in patients with breast cancer. Following PRISMA-DTA guidelines, we reviewed studies assessing 2-[F]FDG-PET/CT, F-NaF-PET/CT, MRI, contrast-enhanced CT, and bone scintigraphy for diagnosing bone metastases in high-stage primary breast cancer (stage III or IV) or known primary breast cancer with suspicion of recurrence (staging or re-staging). A comprehensive search of MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, and Embase was conducted until February 2024.

Progress Toward Genetic Rescue of the Northern White Rhinoceros ().

The northern white rhinoceros (NWR) is functionally extinct, with only two nonreproductive females remaining. However, because of the foresight of scientists, cryopreserved cells and reproductive tissues may aid in the recovery of this species. An ambitious program of natural and artificial gamete and in vitro embryo generation was first outlined in 2015, and many of the proposed steps have been achieved.

Comparative Validation of Scintillator Materials for X-Ray-Mediated Neuronal Control in the Deep Brain.

When exposed to X-rays, scintillators emit visible luminescence. X-ray-mediated optogenetics employs scintillators for remotely activating light-sensitive proteins in biological tissue through X-ray irradiation. This approach offers advantages over traditional optogenetics, allowing for deeper tissue penetration and wireless control.