Emerging biosensing platforms based on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for detection of exosomes as diagnostic cancer biomarkers: case study for the role of the MOFs.

Exosomes, which are considered nanoscale extracellular vesicles (EVs), are secreted by various cell types and widely distributed in different biological fluids. They consist of multifarious bioactive molecules and use systematic circulation for their transfer to adjoining cells. This phenomenon enables exosomes to take part in intercellular and intracellular communications.

Assessing radioactivity levels in agricultural soil: a comparative study of traditional vs. modern fertilization techniques in Tunisian oases.

To establish a radiological national reference for agricultural soil across Tunisian oases and assess the risk to human health associated with date consumption, with a focus on comparing the impact of traditional and modern fertilization, radiological parameters and activity levels of ⁶Ra, Th, and ⁰K were determined for 27 oases. These oases were located in three southern Tunisian governorates. The activity concentration of ⁶Ra, Th, and ⁰K was measured using a 3 × 3 inch NaI(Tl) scintillation detector, which was found to be 21.

Case Study: Contribution of Extended Sequencing and Phylogeographic Analysis in the Investigation of Measles Outbreaks in Tunisia in 2019.

Despite the availability of an effective vaccine for several decades, the measles virus continues to spread worldwide. From 2018 to 2019, several countries experienced large measles outbreaks with genotype B3, including Tunisia. We analyzed 66 samples collected from serologically confirmed measles cases during this outbreak.

Recombination Events Among SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants: Impact on Spike Interaction With ACE2 Receptor and Neutralizing Antibodies.

The recombination plays a key role in promoting evolution of RNA viruses and emergence of potentially epidemic variants. Some studies investigated the recombination occurrence among SARS-CoV-2, without exploring its impact on virus-host interaction. In the aim to investigate the burden of recombination in terms of frequency and distribution, the occurrence of recombination was first explored in 44 230 Omicron sequences among BQ subvariants and the under investigation "ML" (Multiple Lineages) denoted sequences, using 3seq software.

Label-Free Field Effect Transistors (FETs) for Fabrication of Point-of-Care (POC) Biomedical Detection Probes.

Field effect transistors (FETs)-based detection probes are powerful platforms for quantification in biological media due to their sensitivity, ease of miniaturization, and ability to function in biological media. Especially, FET-based platforms have been utilized as promising probes for label-free detections with the potential for use in real-time monitoring. The integration of new materials in the FET-based probe enhances the analytical performance of the developed probes by increasing the active surface area, rejecting interfering agents, and providing the possibility for surface modification.

Bio(sensors) based on molecularly imprinted polymers and silica materials used for food safety and biomedical analysis: Recent trends and future prospects.

In recent decades, analytical techniques have increasingly focused on the precise quantification. Achieving this goal has been accomplished with conventional analytical approaches that typically require extensive pretreatment methods, significant reagent usage, and expensive instruments. The need for rapid, simple, and highly selective identification platforms has become increasingly pronounced.

Scan With Me: A Train-the-Trainer Program to Upskill MRI Personnel in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Purpose: Access to MRI in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) remains among the poorest in the world. The lack of skilled MRI personnel exacerbates access gaps, reinforcing long-standing health disparities. The Scan With Me (SWiM) program aims to sustainably create a network of highly skilled MRI technologists in LMICs who will facilitate the transfer of MRI knowledge and skills to their peers and contribute to the implementation of highly valuable imaging protocols for effective clinical and research use.

Recent Advancements in Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Based Aptasensors: Critical Role of Nanomaterials for the Efficient Food Safety Analysis.

Biosensors are being studied extensively for their ability to detect and analyze molecules. There has been a growing interest in combining molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs) and aptamers to create hybrid recognition elements that offer advantages such as target binding, sensitivity, selectivity, and stability. These hybrid elements have been successfully used in identifying a wide range of analytes in food samples.

Automatic left ventricle volume and mass quantification from 2D cine-MRI: Investigating papillary muscle influence.

Objective: Early detection of cardiovascular diseases is based on accurate quantification of the left ventricle (LV) function parameters. In this paper, we propose a fully automatic framework for LV volume and mass quantification from 2D-cine MR images already segmented using U-Net.

Methods: The general framework consists of three main steps: Data preparation including automatic LV localization using a convolution neural network (CNN) and application of morphological operations to exclude papillary muscles from the LV cavity.

A new intelligent system based deep learning to detect DME and AMD in OCT images.

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is widely recognized as the leading modality for assessing ocular retinal diseases, playing a crucial role in diagnosing retinopathy while maintaining a non-invasive modality. The increasing volume of OCT images underscores the growing importance of automating image analysis. Age-related diabetic Macular Degeneration (AMD) and Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) are the most common cause of visual impairment.

Recent developments of (bio)-sensors for detection of main microbiological and non-biological pollutants in plastic bottled water samples: A critical review.

The importance of water in all biological processes is undeniable. Ensuring access to clean and safe drinking water is crucial for maintaining sustainable water resources. To elaborate, the consumption of water of inadequate quality can have a repercussion on human health.

Two effective factors in cancer: Investigating the effect of ncRNAs in cancer and also the effect of nanotherapy in its treatment.

Cancer remains one of the most pressing health challenges globally, necessitating ongoing research into innovative therapeutic approaches. This article explores two critical factors influencing cancer: ncRNAs and nanotherapy. The role of ncRNAs, including microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, in cancer pathogenesis, progression, and treatment resistance is elucidated.

Isothermal amplification methods in cancer-related miRNA detection; a new paradigm in study of cancer pathology.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression. They are involved in a wide range of biological processes, including development, differentiation, cell cycle regulation, and response to stress. Numerous studies have demonstrated that miRNAs are present in different bodily fluids, which could serve as an important biomarker.

An artificial intelligence approach to predict infants' health status at birth.

Background: Machine learning could be used for prognosis/diagnosis of maternal and neonates' diseases by analyzing the data sets and profiles obtained from a pregnant mother.

Purpose: We aimed to develop a prediction model based on machine learning algorithms to determine important maternal characteristics and neonates' anthropometric profiles as the predictors of neonates' health status.

Methods: This study was conducted among 1280 pregnant women referred to healthcare centers to receive antenatal care.

Nanomaterials Connected to Bioreceptors to Introduce Efficient Biosensing Strategy for Diagnosis of the TORCH Infections: A Critical Review.

TORCH infection is a significant risk factor for severe fetal damage, especially congenital malformations. Screening pregnant women for TORCH pathogens could reduce the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes and prevent birth defects. Hence, timely identification and inhibition of TORCH infections are effective ways to successfully prevent them in pregnant women.

Assessment of gamma absorbed doses and radiological risk indexes from soil radioactivity around the phosphate area in south Tunisia.

Human beings are constantly exposed to the radiations coming from the environment. This work assesses the radiological hazards of natural radioactivity in soil samples taken at four locations around the phosphate area in south Tunisia. Concentrations of primordial radionuclides were measured by gamma spectrometer using an HPGe detector.

Aptamer-Magnetic Nanoparticle Complexes for Powerful Biosensing: A Comprehensive Review.

The selective and sensitive diagnosis of diseases is a significant matter in the early stages of the cure of illnesses. To elaborate, although several types of probes have been broadly applied in clinics, magnetic nanomaterials-aptamers, as new-generation probes, are becoming more and more attractive. The presence of magnetic nanomaterials brings about quantification, purification, and quantitative analysis of biomedical, especially in complex samples.

Dual-mode colorimetric and fluorescence biosensors for the detection of foodborne bacteria.

Due to the growing demand for detection technologies, there has been significant interest in the development of integrated dual-modal sensing technologies, which involve combining two signal transduction channels into a single technique, particularly in the context of food safety. The integration of two detection signals not only improves diagnostic performance by reducing assumptions, but also enhances diagnostic functions with increased application flexibility, improved accuracy, and a wider detection linear range. The top two output signals for emerging dual-modal probes are fluorescent and colorimetric, due to their exceptional advantages for real-time sensitive sensing and point-of-care applications.

Automatic Detection of AMD and DME Retinal Pathologies Using Deep Learning.

Diabetic macular edema (DME) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are two common eye diseases. They are often undiagnosed or diagnosed late. This can result in permanent and irreversible vision loss.

Green Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Silver Nanoparticles Using subsp. Aqueous Extract: Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Potential and Effect on Virulence Mechanisms of Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens.

Novel silver nanoparticles were synthesized based on a simple and non-toxic method by applying the green synthesis technique, using, for the first time, the aqueous extract of an extremophile plant belonging to the subsp. species. AgNP characterization was performed via UV-Visible, front-face fluorescence spectroscopy, and FTIR and XRD analyses.

Diagnostic low-dose X-ray radiation induces fluoroquinolone resistance in pathogenic bacteria.

Purpose: The crisis of antibiotic resistance has been attributed to the overuse or misuse of these medications. However, exposure of bacteria to physical stresses such as X-ray radiation, can also lead to the development of resistance to antibiotics. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of exposure to diagnostic low-dose X-ray radiation on the bacterial response to antibiotics in two pathogenic bacteria, including the Gram-positive and Gram-negative .

A novel blockchain-based architectural modal for healthcare data integrity: Covid19 screening laboratory use-case.

In this paper, we are proposing a blockchain-based architectural model to ensure the integrity of healthcare-sensitive data in an AI-based medical research context. In our approach, we will use the HL7 FHIR standardized data structure to ensure the interoperability of our approach with the existing hospital information systems (HIS). Indeed, structuring the data coming from several heterogeneous sources would enhance its quality.

ESTIMATION OF THE GAMMA-RAY FIELD IN AIR FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES IN THE GROUND BY NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF THE BOLTZMANN TRANSPORT EQUATION.

Gamma-ray field in air from radioactive sources uniformly distributed in the ground is calculated by numerically solving the photon transport equation. The scattered flux is developed on the Legendre polynomials basis of the spherical harmonics method and a double P1 approximation is applied. The method is implemented in the Octave programming package.