Evaluation of the expression of LC3-II and BECLIN1 genes of autophagy pathway in patients with hematological malignancies.

Background: Autophagy is a pathway for the degradation of cytoplasmic components, which plays an essential role in various cellular and physiological processes, including cell renewal and survival, and immune responses. While recent studies have shown that they can play a role in cancer treatment, the precise mechanisms of autophagy in leukemogenesis are not fully understood. We have assessed the expression levels of LC3 and BECLIN1 as two crucial autophagy mediators in patients with leukemia.

Differential Expression of the hTERT Gene in Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cocultured with B Cell Precursor Leukemia Cell Microparticles or CD41/CD61 Platelet Microparticles.

Several investigations are being done to increase the short lifetime of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). One of the crucial genes involved in the immortalization of MSCs, hTERT (human telomerase reverse transcriptase), is activated in most publications using viral-based techniques. In this work, we investigated the use of platelet-derived (PMPs) and B cell precursor leukemia-derived microparticles as a nonviral method to trigger and compare the expression of the hTERT gene in MSCs.

Evaluation of common protein biomarkers involved in the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases with proteomic methods: A systematic review.

Aim: Respiratory disease (RD) is one of the most common diseases characterized by lung dysfunction. Many diagnostic mechanisms have been used to identify the pathogenic agents of responsible for RD. Among these, proteomics emerges as a valuable diagnostic method for pinpointing the specific proteins involved in RD pathogenesis.

Utility of the international society on thrombosis and hemostasis-bleeding assessment tool in the diagnosis of patients who suspected of platelet function disorders.

The ISTH-BAT is a structured bleeding assessment tool to record and help diagnose patients with possible bleeding disorders. However, a few studies evaluated the utility of ISTH-BAT in diagnosing patients with platelet function defects (PFDs). In this study, we evaluated the diagnostic utility of ISTH-BAT in predicting PFDs among patients suspected of PFDs.

Study on genotyping and coinfection rate of human parvovirus 4 among the HTLV-I/II infected blood donors in Khorasan Razavi, Iran.

Unlabelled: Human Parvovirus 4 (PARV4) is an emerging virus infecting individuals with other blood-borne diseases. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of PARV4 in confirmed HTLVI/II positive samples from blood donors, assessing PARV4 viral load (DNA) and genotyping.

Methods: A novel qReal-Time PCR, based on a plasmid construct, was developed to simultaneously detect all three PARV4 genotypes using in-house primers and probes.

Exploring the relationship between anellovirus load and clinical variables in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: Implications for immune activation and inflammation.

Objectives: Anelloviruses have been linked with host-immunocompetence and inflammation. Here, we studied the anellovirus load in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

Methods: We collected samples of patients recruited in the DAWN-Plasma trial that received convalescent plasma (CP) therapy (four plasma units) combined with standard of care (SOC) or SOC of alone.

Complications in patients with transfusion dependent thalassemia: A descriptive cross-sectional study.

Background And Aims: One of the most common hemoglobinopathies globally related to blood transfusion and iron overload in the body is thalassemia syndrome. Increasing ferritin levels can cause severe damage to the patient's body organs. This study aims to evaluate the complications of iron overload on vital body organs in patients with transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia.

Assessment of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) Preparing Hygienic Condition in the Blood Donation Centers during the Outbreak of COVID-19.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has led to an alteration in hygienic conditions. In this situation, improving standard operating procedures (SOPs) in blood donation centers is critical. The purpose of this study was the assessment of SOPs in the blood donation centers during the outbreak of COVID-19 by regular blood donors as external audits.

Blood Products Utilization Status in Off-Pump Cardiac Surgery Patients.

Transfusion support has an essential role in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). The time-honored gold standard for CABG is the on-pump procedure (ONCAB); however, off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) is also a safe, cost-benefit procedure with fewer blood transfusion requirements. This study was performed to evaluate transfusion patterns in OPCAB due to the diversity of transfusion practices.

Immune thrombocytopenia: a review on the pathogenetic role of immune cells.

Introduction: Immune thrombocytopenia [ITP] is a common bleeding disorder with an isolated platelet count of less than 100 × 10/L.

Areas Covered: Relevant literature from 2003 to 2022 was retrieved and reviewed from the Google Scholar search engine and PubMed database. Antibodies produced by autoreactive B lymphocytes and the phagocytic function of macrophages are considered the most critical factors in platelet destruction.

The role of extracellular vesicles on the occurrence of clinical complications in β-thalassemia.

Thalassemia is the most common monogenic disorder of red blood cells (RBCs) caused by defects in the synthesis of globin chains. Thalassemia phenotypes have a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations and vary from severe anemia requiring regular blood transfusions to clinically asymptomatic states. Ineffective erythropoiesis and toxicity caused by iron overload are major factors responsible for various complications in thalassemia patients, especially patients with β-thalassemia major (β-TM).

Evaluating Preoperative Intravenous Iron and Erythropoietin Treatment and Outcomes in Cardiac Surgery Patients.

Background: Anemia is more common in cardiac surgery patients than in other people. Severe anemia before cardiac surgery strongly predicts blood transfusion.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of Intravenous (IV) iron and erythropoietin (EPO) injection preoperatively in anemic patients waiting for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.

Frequency of Kell and Rh alloantibodies in Iranian Thalassemia Patients in Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran.

Thalassemia is an inherited disease with anemia and hemolysis. Blood transfusion is a routine treatment for thalassemia patients; alloimmunization is one of the complications of blood transfusion, which is very serious for these patients, especially girls and young women. In this cross-sectional study, 446 thalassemia patients were examined.

The Spectrum of Mutations among 2315 Beta Thalassemia Patients of a Reference Clinic in Tehran-Iran.

Beta Thalassemia is the most prevalent and well-studied single gene disorder in Iran. Here, we investigated the spectrum of gene mutations, identified among 2315 patients, referred to a reference thalassemia clinic in Tehran, on the basis of suspicion to thalassemia major or intermedia. The patients were homozygous or compound heterozygous for mutations, and were referred from various Iranian provinces, during 15 years (2001- 2016).

The impact of pre-donation viral markers screening of new blood donors on blood safety.

Background: The risk of transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) remains a concern in transfusion medicine. Since the rate of infection among first-time blood donors is higher than repeated donors, strategies to enhance blood safety can focus on new donors. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of pre-donation viral screening of new donors on blood safety.

Bone marrow alterations in COVID-19 infection: The root of hematological problems.

Introduction: The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a respiratory infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus with a significant impact on the hematopoietic system and homeostasis. The effect of the virus on blood cells indicates the involvement of the bone marrow (BM) as the place of production and maturation of these cells by the virus and it reminds the necessity of investigating the effect of the virus on the bone marrow.

Method: To investigate the effects of COVID-19 infection in BM, we reviewed literature from the Google Scholar search engine and PubMed database up to 2022 using the terms "COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Bone marrow; Thrombocytopenia; Hemophagocytosis; Pancytopenia and Thrombocytopenia.

Genetic Diagnosis of Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency in Undiagnosed Iranian Patients with Severe Hemolytic Anemia, using Whole Exome Sequencing.

Background: After ruling out the most common causes of severe hemolytic anemia by routine diagnostic tests, certain patients remain without a diagnosis. The aim of this study was to elucidate the genetic cause of the disease in these patients using next generation sequencing (NGS).

Methods: Four unrelated Iranian families including six blood transfusion dependent cases and their parents were referred to us from a specialist center in Tehran.

Occult hepatitis B in Iranian blood donors, an overview of the challenges: A narrative review.

Background: Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) is a transfusion-transmitted infection. Although, screening the hepatitis B virus among blood donors can play an important role in increasing the health of blood products, OBI screening in blood transfusion centers is still a challenge. This review study aimed to appraise the challenges of OBI screening and its associated do's and don'ts in blood transfusion centers.

Characterization of the Human Blood Virome in Iranian Multiple Transfused Patients.

Blood transfusion safety is an essential element of public health. Current blood screening strategies rely on targeted techniques that could miss unknown or unexpected pathogens. Recent studies have demonstrated the presence of a viral community (virobiota/virome) in the blood of healthy individuals.

The constructive and destructive impact of autophagy on both genders' reproducibility, a comprehensive review.

Reproduction is characterized by a series of massive renovations at molecular, cellular, and tissue levels. Recent studies have strongly tended to reveal the involvement of basic molecular pathways such as autophagy, a highly conserved eukaryotic cellular recycling, during reproductive processes. This review comprehensively describes the current knowledge, updated to September 2022, of autophagy contribution during reproductive processes in males including spermatogenesis, sperm motility and viability, and male sex hormones and females including germ cells and oocytes viability, ovulation, implantation, fertilization, and female sex hormones.

Antifungal activity of three different varieties of Capsicum annuum against clinical isolates of Candida species.

Objective: Acquired resistance to antifungal agents is rising among Candida species. Herbal extracts including Capsicum annum extracts have biological profits, which can be employed to overcome drug resistance in fungal species. The present study investigated the efficacy of different varieties of C.

Multicenter study of some liver and heart function tests in SARS-Cov-2 patients from three ethnic groups in Iran.

The liver and cardiovascular system disorders are not common in COVID-19 patients, but the patients suffering from these complications are exposed to a higher rate of mortality and disease progression. Hepatic injuries can drive to increased levels of liver enzymes, including ALT, AST, and LDH. Abundant levels of AST, LDH, and CPK can be indicators of cardiac injuries.

Interesting effects of interleukins and immune cells on acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a medical condition characterized by widespread inflammation in the lungs with consequent proportional loss of gas exchange function. ARDS is linked with severe pulmonary or systemic infection. Several factors, including secretory cytokines, immune cells, and lung epithelial and endothelial cells, play a role in the development and progression of this disease.

Evaluation of a New Method of Leukocyte Extractions from the Leukoreduction Filter.

This study's purpose was to optimize the leukocyte extraction protocol and evaluate the efficacy of this new protocol. 12BioR blood filters were collected from Tehran Blood Transfusion Center. A twosyringe system and Multi-step rinsing were designed for cell extraction.