899 results match your criteria: "Heterotopic Ossification in Spinal Cord Injury"

Background: Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a systemic non-inflammatory disorder characterized by enthesopathy and osteophyte formation. DISH can also cause several other symptoms. Limited range of motion (ROM) is the most common symptom; however, dysphagia and respiratory distress are clinically important symptoms.

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A glucocorticoid spike derails muscle repair to heterotopic ossification after spinal cord injury.

Cell Rep Med

December 2024

Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia. Electronic address:

Why severe injury to the central nervous system (CNS) triggers the development of large neurogenic heterotopic ossifications (NHOs) within periarticular muscles remains unknown. We report that spinal cord injury (SCI) triggers a rapid corticosterone spike in mice, which is causal for NHO development because treatments with corticosterone or the synthetic glucocorticoid (GC) receptor (GR) agonist dexamethasone are sufficient to trigger heterotopic ossification and upregulate the expression of osteoinductive and osteogenic differentiation genes in injured muscles even without SCI. The central role for GR signaling in causing NHO is further demonstrated in mice deleted for the GR gene (Nr3c1), which no longer develop NHO after SCI.

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Introduction: Heterotopic ossification (HO) occurs following orthopedic trauma, spinal cord injuries, brain trauma and limb amputations. Once symptomatic, HO causes pain, limited mobility and decreased quality of life. Current treatments are limited and have significant complications with high recurrence rates, underscoring the need for improved therapeutic interventions.

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Optimizing Musculoskeletal Management Following Spinal Cord Injury: Best Practices in Practice Management.

Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am

February 2025

Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Neurosurgery, UofL Health Frazier Rehab Institute, University of Louisville, 220 Abraham Flexner Way, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • Musculoskeletal pain affects 50% to 81% of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) and can hinder mobility, social life, and contribute to depression.
  • Many people with SCI rely heavily on their upper body for daily tasks, leading to decreased independence, especially in cases of severe pain.
  • Common musculoskeletal issues associated with SCI include muscle atrophy, decreased bone density, spasticity, and overuse injuries, but research on these conditions in the SCI population is limited.
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[Clinical study of percutaneous endoscopic thoracic spine surgery via trench technique for thoracic spinal cord ventral decompression].

Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi

November 2024

Department of Spine Surgery Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China.

Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to assess the feasibility, safety, and early effectiveness of a minimally invasive surgical technique called the trench technique for treating central calcified thoracic disc herniation (CCTDH) and thoracic ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (T-OPLL).
  • Seven patients were analyzed retrospectively, all of whom underwent successful surgery with an average age of 51.7 years; the outcomes were measured using various clinical scores, including pain (VAS) and functional recovery (JOA).
  • Results showed all surgeries were completed without complications, with a reasonable average operation time of about 80 minutes, minimal blood loss, and short postoperative hospital stays, suggesting the procedure is both effective and safe.
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Introduction: Spinal cord ischemic reperfusion injury is characterized by an abrupt decline in neurological function and only a few cases have been published in literature. Herein, we present a white cord syndrome following anterior decompression cervical fusion.

Case Report: A 54-year-old Jewish male patient was diagnosed with disc herniation among the intervertebral discs at C2, C3, C4, C6, and C7, along with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament, pressuring more to the right side of the spinal canal, ruling-out cervical myelopathy.

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Neurogenic Heterotopic Ossification of the Hip: a Case Report.

Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech

September 2024

University of Health Sciences, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Bakırköy/Istanbul, Turkey.

Heterotopic ossification (HO) denotes aberrant osteogenesis in extra-skeletal tissues, often associated with neurological disorders, total hip arthroplasty, and specific traumatic scenarios. Neurogenic heterotopic ossification manifests prominently subsequent to traumatic brain injury or spinal cord injury, with Guillain-Barre Syndrome presenting an infrequent etiological link. This article details the case of a 56-year-old female diagnosed with Guillain-Barre Syndrome, who developed neurogenic heterotopic ossification around both hips within two years of disease onset.

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Enpp1 mutations promote upregulation of hedgehog signaling in heterotopic ossification with aging.

J Bone Miner Metab

November 2024

Innovation Platform of Regeneration and Repair of Spinal Cord and Nerve Injury, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 517108, China.

Article Synopsis
  • * Researchers developed a genetic mouse model (Enpp1/EIIa-Cre mice) to study how the absence of the Enpp1 gene affects tissue, leading to conditions like ossification in the spine and Achilles tendons, and degeneration in the knee.
  • * Findings revealed that Enpp1 deficiency enhances bone growth and fibroblast activity, while also promoting signs of cellular aging and increased hedgehog signaling, linking age-related mutations to worsened ossification and joint degeneration.*
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A rare mass with atypical localization: Heterotopic ossification associated with flexor hallucis longus.

Jt Dis Relat Surg

August 2024

İnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Anabilim Dalı, 44280 Malatya, Türkiye.

Article Synopsis
  • Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a benign condition where ectopic bone forms in soft tissues, often causing joint movement limitations and discomfort, particularly in the hip and elbow joints.
  • A rare case involved a 58-year-old woman who experienced pain in her right toe due to HO linked to the flexor hallucis longus tendon, despite no prior trauma.
  • After surgery to remove the HO mass, her pain resolved, and joint mobility fully returned over a one-year follow-up, highlighting that HO can occur without obvious risk factors.
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We retrospectively investigated the correlation between the spinal cord compression angle and increased signal intensity (ISI) in 118 patients with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). Patients were analyzed based on the presence and shape of ISI on magnetic resonance imaging. Various indicators, including the spinal cord compression angle, were measured through imaging examinations.

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Endoscopic decompression of severe post-tuberculosis kyphosis related ossification of the ligamentum flavum: case report and literature review.

Eur Spine J

August 2024

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Purpose: Spinal tuberculosis, if not promptly treated, can lead to kyphotic deformity, causing persistent neurological abnormalities and discomfort. Spinal cord compression can occur due to ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) at the apex of kyphosis. Traditional surgical interventions, including osteotomy and fixation, pose challenges and risks.

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Thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (TOLF) is a pathological heterotopic ossification disease in which the fibrous tissue of the ligamentum flavum of the thoracic spine converts into bony tissue, often leading to thoracic spinal stenosis and compression of the thoracic spinal cord nerve. When TOLF patients present with symptoms of spinal cord nerve compression, surgical treatment is usually required, and traditional open surgery is more invasive and carries a higher risk of spinal cord nerve injury. In recent years, domestic and foreign researchers have tried to apply spinal endoscopic techniques such as microendoscopy, percutaneous foraminoscopy, and unilateral biportal endoscopy for the treatment of TOLF, which can maximize the preservation of normal bone while achieving adequate decompression of the spinal cord nerve, with less damage to spinal stability, and have the advantages of less surgical trauma, less bleeding, and faster postoperative recovery.

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This case series investigates the efficacy of the "sashimi technique," a novel surgical approach utilizing a curved chisel for the resection of heterotopic ossification (HO). The main focus is on reducing resection margins and preventing excessive bone removal while maintaining optimal functional outcomes and preventing recurrence. Two cases illustrate successful outcomes in patients with spinal cord injuries and severe HO of the hip, emphasizing the precision of using the curved chisel-based technique in improving patient mobility while still achieving a desired resection margin.

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Objective: Heterotopic ossification (HO) following spinal cord injury (SCI) can severely compromise patient mobility and quality of life. Precise identification of SCI patients at an elevated risk for HO is crucial for implementing early clinical interventions. While the literature presents diverse correlations between HO onset and purported risk factors, the development of a predictive model to quantify these risks is likely to bolster preventive approaches.

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A novel computed tomography scoring system for evaluating the risk of dural defects in anterior surgery for cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.

Clin Neurol Neurosurg

July 2024

Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Lab of Spinal Cord Injury and Functional Reconstruction, China International Neuroscience Institute, Beijing, China. Electronic address:

Objective: To develop and validate a computed tomography (CT)-based scoring system for evaluating the risk of dural defects (DDs) in anterior surgery for cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed CT imaging features of 114 OPLL patients in our institute who received anterior decompression surgery. Intraoperative DDs were found in 16 patients.

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A rare case of extensive neurogenic heterotopic ossification: a case report.

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

April 2024

Department of Orthopaedics, Seth G.S.M.C & K.E.M.H., Mumbai, Parel, 400012, India.

Introduction: Neurogenic Heterotopic ossification (NHO) is a potential sequalae and a detrimental complication following neurological insult. It is characterized by formation of localized gradually progressive, peri-articular lamellar bone formation in extra-skeletal tissues. We would like to report a rare case of heterotopic ossification involving all 4 limbs, in which we tried to restore joint mobility to improve his functional status so that he could perform his daily tasks.

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Neurogenic heterotopic ossification of the hip: Magnetic resonance imaging versus computed tomography for pre-surgical assessment.

Eur J Radiol

June 2024

Department of Radiology, AP-HP - GHU Paris Saclay, DMU Start Imaging, Ambroise Paré Hospital, Boulogne-Billancourt, France; Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University (UVSQ), UFR Simone Veil - Santé, Montigny le Bretonneux, France; Department of Radiology, AP-HP - GHU Paris Saclay, DMU Start Imaging, Raymond Poincaré Hospital, Garches, France.

Purpose: Neurogenic heterotopic ossification (NHO) of the hip is a frequent complication of spinal cord injuries, often requiring surgical management. Pre-surgical imaging assessment is essential, usually with computed tomography (CT)-scan. We aimed to compare magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and CT for pre-surgical imaging assessment of the NHO, particularly for their relationships with vessels and nerves.

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Neurogenic heterotopic ossification (NHO) is widely recognised as an aberrant bone formation in soft tissue following central nervous system injury. It is most frequently associated with pain and limited movement, especially in the hip. However, it may be neglected in patients with paraplegia with a pressure ulcer (PU).

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Trauma patient heterotopic ossification diagnosis is associated with increased hospital length of stay.

Injury

April 2024

Burn Injury Research Node, Institute for Health Research, School of Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia 6160, Australia; Burn Injury Research Unit, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia; State Adult Burn Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia; Safety and Quality Unit, Armadale Kalamunda Group Health Service, East Metropolitan Health Service, Mt Nasura, Western Australia 6112, Australia; Fiona Wood Foundation, 11 Robin Warren Dr, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia.

Background: Traumatic heterotopic ossification (tHO) refers to the development of extra-skeletal bone in muscle and soft tissues following tissue insult secondary to surgery or trauma. This presents a persistent clinical concern associated with significant patient morbidity and expense to diagnose and treat. Traumatic HO is a substantial barrier to rehabilitation for trauma-injured patients.

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Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a pathological process characterized by the aberrant formation of bone in muscles and soft tissues. It is commonly triggered by traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, and burns. Despite a wide range of evidence underscoring the significance of neurogenic signals in proper bone remodeling, a clear understanding of HO induced by nerve injury remains rudimentary.

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Article Synopsis
  • Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) and the ligamentum flavum (OLF) can cause spinal issues, with a study of 34 patients comparing those with thoracic OPLL and thoracic OLF, highlighting differences in demographics and surgical needs.
  • The analysis showed that patients with thoracic OPLL were younger, had a higher body mass index, and were mostly female compared to those with thoracic OLF.
  • Surgical management for thoracic OPLL is more complex and often requires more extensive procedures and follow-ups compared to the simpler decompression typically needed for thoracic OLF.
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Symptomatic Treatment of Myelopathy.

Continuum (Minneap Minn)

February 2024

Objective: This article discusses the effects of myelopathy on multiple organ systems and reviews the treatment and management of some of these effects.

Latest Developments: Recent advances in functional electrical stimulation, epidural spinal cord stimulation, robotics, and surgical techniques such as nerve transfer show promise in improving function in patients with myelopathy. Ongoing research in stem cell therapy and neurotherapeutic drugs may provide further therapeutic avenues in the future.

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Evaluation of the accuracy of diagnostic coding and clinical documentation for traumatic heterotopic ossification diagnoses in Western Australian hospitals.

Injury

March 2024

Burn Injury Research Node, Institute for Health Research / School of Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, 6160, Australia; Burn Injury Research Unit and Fiona Wood Foundation, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, 6009, Australia; State Adult Burn Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, 6150, Australia; Safety and Quality Unit, Armadale Kalamunda Group Health Service, East Metropolitan Health Service, Mt Nasura, Western Australia, 6112, Australia.

Background: Traumatic heterotopic ossification (tHO) refers to the pathological formation of ectopic bone in soft tissues that can occur following burn, neurological ororthopaedic trauma. As completeness and accuracy of medical diagnostic coding can vary based on coding practices and depend on the institutional culture of clinical documentation, it is important to assess diagnostic coding in that local context. To the authors' knowledge, there is no prior study evaluating the accuracy of medical diagnostic coding or specificity of clinical documentation for tHO diagnoses across Western Australia (WA) trauma centres or across the full range of inciting injury and surgical events.

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Oncostatin M: Dual Regulator of the Skeletal and Hematopoietic Systems.

Curr Osteoporos Rep

February 2024

Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia.

Purpose Of The Review: The bone and hematopoietic tissues coemerge during development and are functionally intertwined throughout mammalian life. Oncostatin M (OSM) is an inflammatory cytokine of the interleukin-6 family produced by osteoblasts, bone marrow macrophages, and neutrophils. OSM acts via two heterodimeric receptors comprising GP130 with either an OSM receptor (OSMR) or a leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR).

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BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and potential complications of combining a lamina-lifting suspension system with the bridge crane technique in treating thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (TOLF) with thoracic myelopathy. MATERIAL AND METHODS A patient with severe TOLF and myelopathy was treated using a lamina-lifting suspension system combined with bridge crane technique. The brief surgical procedure involved implantation of internal fixation, separation of laminae, installation of cross-bridges, reverse lifting, and fixation of cross-bridges.

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