Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in a Surgical Population of Southeast China: A Large-Scale Multicenter Study.

Background: Chronic HCV infection affects 80 million people globally and may progress to advanced liver disease. The present study aims to investigate the present epidemiology of HCV infection in a southeastern Chinese surgical patient cohort.

Methods: Blood samples obtained from 78,484 surgical patients from 18 different city and county hospitals were enrolled.

Screening and verification of microRNA promoter methylation sites in hepatocellular carcinoma.

The promoter methylation mode of microribonucleic acid (miRNA) plays a crucial role in the process of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therefore, the primary purpose of this study was to screen and verify the miRNA methylation sites associated with the overall survival (OS) and clinical characteristics of HCC patients. Methylation-related data were from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

A novel genomic-clinicopathologic nomogram to improve prognosis prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma.

There is a lack of precise and clinical accessible model to predict the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in clinic practice currently. Here, an inclusive nomogram was developed by integrating genomic markers and clinicopathologic factors for predicting the outcome of patients with HCC. A total of 365 samples of HCC were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.

microRNA-143-3p attenuated development of hepatic fibrosis in autoimmune hepatitis through regulation of TAK1 phosphorylation.

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic liver disease due to autoimmune system attacks hepatocytes and causes inflammation and fibrosis. Intracellular signalling and miRNA may play an important role in regulation of liver injury. This study aimed to investigate the potential roles of microRNA 143 in a murine AIH model and a hepatocyte injury model.

Graded diacylglycerol kinases α and ζ activities ensure mucosal-associated invariant T-cell development in mice.

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells participate in both protective immunity and pathogenesis of diseases. Most murine MAIT cells express an invariant TCRVα19-Jα33 (iVα19) TCR, which triggers signals crucial for their development. However, signal pathways downstream of the iVα19TCR and their regulation in MAIT cells are unknown.

Synergistic effects of culture supernatant and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on the development of alcoholic steatohepatitis in mice.

The gut microbiota has been shown to play an important role in chronic liver disease. It has been found that both and its culture supernatant have the potential to mitigate alcoholic steatohepatitis. However, the exact mechanism is still not fully understood.

Pre-activation of TLR3 enhances the therapeutic effect of BMMSCs through regulation the intestinal HIF-2α signaling pathway and balance of NKB cells in experimental alcoholic liver injury.

Increased intestinal permeability and immune disorder are important mechanisms of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Recent evidences suggest bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) have protective effects on end-stage liver disease and intestinal barrier injury. Moreover, the activation of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) has been shown enhancing therapeutic effects of BMMSCs in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

A systematic review and a dose-response meta-analysis of coffee dose and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Objective: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most predominant chronic liver disease worldwide. Effect of coffee on NAFLD risk and its potential dose-response patterns were explored in the study.

Design: PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Cochrane and Embase were searched up to 10 April 2018.

Comparative efficacy and tolerability of treatments for adult autoimmune hepatitis: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

The most suitable treatment regimen for autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) in adults remains unknown and requires further investigation. The current study therefore aimed to integrate evidence to provide hierarchies of the comparative efficacies of treatments measured by clinical and biochemical remission. A Bayesian-framework network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was preformed to compare eight treatments for AIH.

High fiber dietary and sodium butyrate attenuate experimental autoimmune hepatitis through regulation of immune regulatory cells and intestinal barrier.

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is chronic autoimmune liver disease accompanied with the imbalance of Treg/Th17 and increased intestinal permeability. We investigated the effects of a high fiber diet and sodium butyrate on the Treg/Th17 and intestinal barrier function in an experimental autoimmune hepatitis. Intraperitoneal injection of hepatic antigen (S100) was used to induce experimental autoimmune hepatitis mice model and mice were divided into normal control, S100 model control, S100 plus high fiber diet and S100 plus sodium butyrate.

The relationship between obesity and the severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: systematic review and meta-analysis.

A number of researches have explored the association between obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) liver function, histopathology, complications, genetic factors and prognosis, but the results were conflicting and inconclusive. Areas covered: In this meta-analysis, the liver function, histopathology, metabolic complications, patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) genetic polymorphism and prognosis were compared between non-obese and obese NAFLD. Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane databases were searched to identify eligible studies.

Efficacy and safety of thrombopoietin receptor agonists in children with chronic immune thrombocytopenia: a meta-analysis.

Background And Aim: Thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RAs) have been shown to be safe and effective for adults with chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). The aim of this meta-analysis is to assess the efficacy and safety of thrombopoietin receptor agonists for children with chronic ITP.

Materials And Methods: Clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy and safety of TPO-RAs in pediatric ITP patients published up to June 2017 were retrieved from PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases.

BMSCs-derived miR-223-containing exosomes contribute to liver protection in experimental autoimmune hepatitis.

Autoimmune hepatitis is a chronic inflammatory disease in the liver with potential to the development of liver fibrosis. Recent evidences suggest that bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) may exert its therapeutic activity through exosomes. Moreover, miR-223 is highly expressed in BMSCs and plays an important role in autoimmune diseases.

Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio predicts hospital-acquired bacterial infections in decompensated cirrhosis.

Background: Bacterial infection is a frequent complication and severe burden in cirrhotic patients. We determined the utility of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) to predict the hospital-acquired (HA) bacterial infections episode in patients with decompensated cirrhosis.

Methods: We retrospectively included 2066 consecutive decompensated cirrhotic patients from two separate tertiary hospitals, divided into training (n=1377) and validation (n=689) set.

Deregulation of Regulatory T Cells in Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure: A Rat Model.

. Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) and acute liver failure (ALF) are similar in many respects during their acute exacerbation; however, ACLF generally has a poorer prognosis. We aimed to investigate the role and dynamic changes of regulatory T cell (Treg) and T helper 17 (Th17) cell proportions during ACLF progress.

Splenic CD11c(low)CD45RB(high) dendritic cells derived from endotoxin-tolerant mice attenuate experimental acute liver failure.

Endotoxin tolerance (ET) is suggested to attenuate the severity of acute liver failure (ALF) in mice, possibly through both innate and adaptive immunity. However, the involvement of regulatory dendritic cells (DCregs) in ET has not been fully elucidated. In this study, their effect on ALF in mice was investigated.

Cannabinoid receptors are involved in the protective effect of a novel curcumin derivative C66 against CCl4-induced liver fibrosis.

Liver fibrosis is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide and lacks efficient therapy. Recent studies suggest the curcumin protects liver from fibrosis. However, curcumin itself is in low bioavailable concentration when administered orally, and the protective mechanism remains poorly understood.

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG supernatant promotes intestinal barrier function, balances Treg and TH17 cells and ameliorates hepatic injury in a mouse model of chronic-binge alcohol feeding.

Impaired intestinal barrier function plays a critical role in alcohol-induced hepatic injury, and the subsequent excessive absorbed endotoxin and bacterial translocation activate the immune response that aggravates the liver injury. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG supernatant (LGG-s) has been suggested to improve intestinal barrier function and alleviate the liver injury induced by chronic and binge alcohol consumption, but the underlying mechanisms are still not clear. In this study, chronic-binge alcohol fed model was used to determine the effects of LGG-s on the prevention of alcoholic liver disease in C57BL/6 mice and investigate underlying mechanisms.

Plumbagin Ameliorates CCl 4 -Induced Hepatic Fibrosis in Rats via the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling Pathway.

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its signaling molecules, EGFreceptor (EGFR) and signal transducer and activator of transcription factor 3 (STAT3), have been considered to play a role in liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Plumbagin (PL) is an extracted component from the plant and has been used to treat different kinds of cancer. However, its role in regulation of EGFR and STAT3 during liver fibrosis has not been investigated.

Endotoxin tolerance alleviates experimental acute liver failure via inhibition of high mobility group box 1.

High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) has been widely reported to mediate damage caused by inflammatory responses. The aim of our study is to investigate the role of HMGB1 in endotoxin tolerance (ET) alleviating inflammation of acute liver failure (ALF) rats and its possible signaling mechanism. To mimic ET, male Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated with low dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (0.

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells attenuate acute liver injury and regulate the expression of fibrinogen-like-protein 1 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3.

In recent years, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been demonstrated to exert extensive therapeutic effects on acute liver injury; however, the underlying mechanisms of these effects have remained to be elucidated. The present study focused on the potential anti-apoptotic and pro-regenerative effects of BMSCs in D-galactosamine (D-Gal) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute liver injury in rats. An experimental rat acute liver injury model was established by intraperitoneal injection of D-Gal (400 mg/kg) and LPS (80 μg/kg).

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibits hepatocyte apoptosis after acute liver injury.

Objective: To investigate the protective effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transplantation on acute liver injury (ALI) rats.

Material And Methods: BMSCs were extracted from rat bone marrow, cultured and expansion in vitro, and identified by flow cytometer. Rat model with acute liver injury was established by employing D-galactosamine and Lipopolysaccharide.