Central Pancreatectomy as a Surgical Alternative for Parenchyma Preservation.

Pancreatoduodenectomy and distal pancreatectomy are standard treatments for various pancreatic pathologies. These procedures involve radical resection and a significant loss of pancreatic tissue, which can lead to exocrine and/or endocrine pancreatic insufficiency. In selected cases of benign tumors or those with low malignant potential, central pancreatectomy can be performed with acceptable morbidity and mortality rates.

ABCF1-K430-Lactylation promotes HCC malignant progression via transcriptional activation of HIF1 signaling pathway.

Lysine lactylation plays critical roles in various diseases, including cancer. Our previous study showed that lactylation of non-histone ABCF1 may be involved in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. In this study, we evaluated the prognostic value of ABCF1-K430la in HCC using immunohistochemical staining and performed amino acid point mutations, multi-omics crossover, and biochemical experiments to investigate its biological role and underlying mechanism.

Particular Chinese contributions to extracorporeal liver surgery.

Extracorporeal liver surgery (ELS), also known as liver autotransplantation, is a hybrid (cross-fertilized) surgery incorporating the technical knowledge from extreme liver and transplant liver surgeries, and recently became more embraced and popularized among leading centers. ELS could be summarized into three major categories, namely, ex-situ liver resection and autotransplantation (ELRA), ante-situm liver resection and autotransplantation (ALRA) and auxiliary partial liver autotransplantation (APLA). The successful development of ELS during the past 37 years is definitely inseparable from continuous efforts done by Chinese surgeons and researchers.

Gut-liver translocation of pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae promotes hepatocellular carcinoma in mice.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is accompanied by an altered gut microbiota but whether the latter contributes to carcinogenesis is unclear. Here we show that faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) using stool samples from patients with HCC spontaneously initiate liver inflammation, fibrosis and dysplasia in wild-type mice, and accelerate disease progression in a mouse model of HCC. We find that HCC-FMT results in gut barrier injury and translocation of live bacteria to the liver.

Antiplatelet Prophylaxis Reduces the Risk of Early Hepatic Artery Thrombosis Following Liver Transplantation in High-Risk Patients.

The prevention of hepatic artery thrombosis (HAT) is pivotal for graft survival immediately after liver transplantation (LT). This study aimed to identify risk factors (RF) for early HAT (eHAT) and assess the benefit of antiplatelet prophylaxis (AP). This retrospective single-center study included 836 adult patients who underwent LT between 2007 and 2022.

Liver resection and transplantation in the era of checkpoint inhibitors.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionised the treatment landscape for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The combination of atezolizumab and bevacizumab has demonstrated efficacy, establishing a new standard of care for advanced HCC. Neoadjuvant studies have shown promising results with high response rates, increasing research into ICIs' role.

Enrichment of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts, Macrophages, and Up-Regulated TNF-α Signaling in the Tumor Microenvironment of CMS4 Colorectal Peritoneal Metastasis.

Background: Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is the main cause of CRC mortality, with limited treatment options. Although immunotherapy has benefited some cancer patients, mCRC typically lacks the molecular features that respond to this treatment. However, recent studies indicate that the immune microenvironment of mCRC may be modified to enhance the effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Targeting TM4SF1 promotes tumor senescence enhancing CD8+ T cell cytotoxic function in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Backgrounds/aims: Transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 (TM4SF1) is highly expressed in and contributes to the progression of various malignancies. However, how it modulates hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression and senescence remains to be elucidated.

Methods: TM4SF1 expression in HCC samples was evaluated using immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry.

Brd4 modulates metabolic endotoxemia-induced inflammation by regulating colonic macrophage infiltration in high-fat diet-fed mice.

High-fat diet (HFD) induces low-grade chronic inflammation, contributing to obesity and insulin resistance. However, the precise mechanisms triggering obesity-associated metabolic inflammation remain elusive. In this study, we identified epigenetic factor Brd4 as a key player in this process by regulating the expression of Ccr2/Ccr5 in colonic macrophage.

Light-Directed Self-Powered Metal-Organic Framework Based Nanorobots for Deep Tumor Penetration.

Effective intratumoral distribution of anticancer agents with good tumor penetration is of great practical importance for oncotherapy. How to break the limitation of traditional passive drug delivery relying on blood circulatory system into solid tumors remains a challenge. Herein, a light-directed self-powered nanorobot based on zirconium-based porphyrin metal-organic framework (MOF) is reported for smart delivery of chemodrug and photosensitizer for deep tumor penetration.

Chinese expert consensus on sequential surgery following conversion therapy based on combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and antiangiogenic targeted drugs for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (2024 edition).

Up to half of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage, for which effective treatment options are lacking, resulting in a poor prognosis. Over the past few years, the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and anti-angiogenic targeted therapy has proven highly efficacious in treating advanced HCC, significantly extending patients' survival and providing a potential for sequential curative surgery. After sequential curative hepatectomy or liver transplantation following conversion therapy, patients can receive long-term survival benefits.

Self-maintenance of zonal hepatocytes during adult homeostasis and their complex plasticity upon distinct liver injuries.

Hepatocytes are organized into distinct zonal subsets across the liver lobule, yet their contributions to liver homeostasis and regeneration remain controversial. Here, we developed multiple genetic lineage-tracing mouse models to systematically address this. We found that the liver lobule can be divided into two major zonal and molecular hepatocyte populations marked by Cyp2e1 or Gls2.

Prognostic Value of N1/N2 Neutrophils Heterogeneity and Tertiary Lymphoid Structure in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients.

Background: The tumor immune microenvironment, including neutrophils and tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), is pivotal for HCC prognosis assessment. Tumor-associated neutrophils exhibit plasticity, adopting either an antitumorigenic N1 (MPO+ CD206-) or a pro-tumorigenic N2 (MPO+ CD206+) phenotype. We explored the prognostic value of neutrophil plasticity and TLS maturity in HCC in both tumor and peritumoral tissues and addressed their interaction.

Cavo-Atrial Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Restoration With Polytetrafluoroethylene Graft: Overcoming Lethal Injuries.

Injuries to the inferior vena cava (IVC) carry high risks and mortality rates. We present a case of suprahepatic IVC injury that was successfully treated with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) graft insertion without cardiopulmonary bypass. A 46-year-old woman was transferred to our trauma centre after a high-speed motor vehicle collision.

Application of indocyanine green-human serum albumin complex in fluorescence image-guided laparoscopic anatomical liver resection: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Indocyanine green (ICG) is a near-infrared fluorescent dye widely used for intraoperative navigation during liver surgeries because of its non-radioactive nature, high safety, and minimal impact on liver function. However, variability in its dosage and concentration and its low imaging success rates have limited its widespread application. To address these issues, we developed a novel ICG-human serum albumin (ICG-HSA) complex to enhance fluorescence visualization during laparoscopic anatomical liver resection.

Postoperative bile leak after hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery in malignant biliary obstruction: rates, treatments, and outcomes in a high-volume tertiary referral center.

Background: Biliary leakage is a serious complication of hepato-pancreato-biliary operations, increasing morbidity and mortality, and challenging clinicians.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the incidence of bilioenteric anastomotic leakage, treatment options, and their outcomes at a high-volume tertiary referral center.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the outcomes of patients who underwent biliary anastomosis formation between 2016 and 2021.

A mitochondrial targeted fluorescent probe for imaging nitroreductase activity and photodynamic therapy in tumor cells.

The hypoxic environment in tumors is closely linked to tumor structure, function, dissemination, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Nitroreductase (NTR) is often recognized as a biomarker to evaluate the hypoxia degree for tumor cells. Traditional detection methods such as PET, MRI and multispectral photoacoustic tomography have limitations.

Integrated lipidomics and RNA-seq reveal prognostic biomarkers in well-differentiated and dedifferentiated retroperitoneal liposarcoma.

Background: Retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RLPS) is a mesenchymal malignant tumor characterized by different degrees of adipocytic differentiation. Well-differentiated liposarcoma (WDLPS) and dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) are two of the most common subtypes of RLPS, exhibiting clear differences in biological behaviors and clinical prognosis. The metabolic features and genomic characteristics remain unclear.

External Validation of the ISGPS Complexity Grading System for Minimally Invasive Pancreatoduodenectomy: Insights from the IGOMIPS registry.

Objective: To validate the ISGPS complexity grading system for minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy (MIPD).

Background: Although concerns about patient safety persist, MIPD is gaining popularity. The ISGPS recently introduced a difficulty grading system to improve patient selection by aligning procedural complexity with surgeon and center expertise.

Perspectives of the medical oncologist regarding adjuvant chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer: An international expert survey and case vignette study.

Introduction: Adjuvant chemotherapy improves survival in patients with resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The decision to initiate chemotherapy involves both patient and physician factors, decision-specific criteria, and contextual considerations. This study aimed to assess medical oncologists' views on adjuvant chemotherapy following pancreatic resection for PDAC.

The Aging Stomach: Clinical Implications of Infection in Older Adults-Challenges and Strategies for Improved Management.

Aging is a multifactorial biological process characterized by a decline in physiological function and increasing susceptibility to various diseases, including malignancies and gastrointestinal disorders. Helicobacter pylori () infection is highly prevalent among older adults, particularly those in institutionalized settings, contributing to conditions such as atrophic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric carcinoma. This review examines the intricate interplay between aging, gastrointestinal changes, and pathogenesis.

Circulating Citrate Is Reversibly Elevated in Patients with End-Stage Liver Disease: Association with All-Cause Mortality.

Circulating citrate may serve as a proxy for mitochondrial dysfunction which plays a role in the progression of end-stage liver disease (ESLD). This study aimed to determine the extent of alterations in circulating citrate in patients with ESLD, and examined its association with all-cause mortality among ESLD patients while on the waiting list for liver transplantation. Plasma citrate levels were measured using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in 129 ESLD patients (TransplantLines cohort study; NCT03272841) and compared to levels in 4837 participants of the community-dwelling PREVEND cohort.

Postcholecystectomy Gut Microbiome Changes and the Clinical Impact: A Systematic Review With Narrative Synthesis.

Background: Cholecystectomy (CCE) can affect the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids and result in gut microbiome changes. This systematic review aimed to clarify the effect of CCE on gut microbiome composition and its clinical impact.

Method: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, combining keywords such as "cholecystectomy" or "post-cholecystectomy" with "gut microbiome," "stool microbiome," or "gut dysbiosis.