30,982 results match your criteria: "Hepatitis A"

Advanced strategies for intensive care management of acute liver failure.

Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol

December 2024

Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.

Acute liver failure (ALF) is defined as the loss of hepatic function in conjunction with hepatic encephalopathy and coagulopathy. There is histological evidence of profound hepatocyte damage. If it is not aggressively managed, ALF can be fatal within a few days.

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tRNA-Ser-UGA efficiently promotes the rapid release of duck hepatitis A virus from infected enterocytes and its remote dissemination to hepatocytes.

Poult Sci

December 2024

Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Sichuan Agricultural University, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, China; Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, China. Electronic address:

Enterocytes are a necessary portal for fecal-oral transmission of viruses, including duck hepatitis A virus (DHAV), that act on the absorption of amino acids (AAs). We note that the rapid death of ducklings caused by DHAV is likely due to its rapid release from enterocytes. However, the underlying mechanism driving the release of DHAV remains poorly understood.

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Effectiveness of hepatitis A immunisation after paediatric liver transplantation: A retrospective observational analysis.

Am J Transplant

December 2024

Division for Paediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Paediatric Kidney, Liver, and Metabolic Diseases, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.

This retrospective study aimed to investigate the response to hepatitis A virus (HAV) immunisation following liver transplantation. We analysed, 234 vaccination records of 284 children who underwent liver transplantation between January 2003 and July 2021, including annual serological results. Of the 120 HAV-naïve patients, approximately 71% and 83% showed seroconversion after receiving one and two vaccine doses, respectively.

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Diagnostic and predictive values of m5C‑associated genes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Mol Med Rep

February 2025

Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China.

In patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), the role of 5‑methylcytosine (m5C)‑associated genes in the pathogenesis and development of the disease remains unclear. The present study aimed to identify reliable diagnostic markers based on the expression of m5C‑associated genes for the early detection of IPF. Count data were obtained by screening the IPF genome‑wide assay in the Gene Expression Omnibus database, followed by a comparison of m5C gene expression in patients with IPF and controls.

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To achieve rapid and simultaneous detection of NoV GI, NoV GII, and HAV, a quadruple real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assay was developed using MS2 bacteriophage as a process control virus. The quadruple RT-qPCR assay effectively detected NoV GI, NoV GII, HAV, and MS2 RNA with detection limits of 10 copies/μL, 10 copies/μL, 10 copies/μL, and 10 copies/μL, respectively, within 1 hour 50 minutes. The quadruple RT-qPCR assay could specifically detect NoV GI, NoV GII, HAV, and MS2 without cross-reactions with other common pathogens, demonstrating good reproducibility with intra-assay and inter-assay coefficients of variation all below 2.

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A 12-year-old female, resident of western India, presented with a history of pruritus associated with jaundice for two months. On presentation, she had icterus with mild palpable hepatomegaly. Investigations revealed direct hyperbilirubinemia and elevated transaminases, while gamma-glutamyl transferase levels were normal.

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Aim Of The Study: This research aimed to investigate the incidence and course of varicella-zoster virus hepatitis in immunocompetent children.

Material And Methods: Medical charts of children hospitalised between 2019 and 2022 (excluding the period of the COVID-19 pandemic) due to varicella were retrospectively analysed and compared.

Results: In total, 216 children were included in the analysis.

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Objective: This study aimed to analyze the trends in Hepatitis A incidence associated with age, period, and birth cohorts from 2007 to 2021 in Jiangsu Province, China, and projects the future burden through 2031.

Methods: Data on Hepatitis A cases in Jiangsu Province from 2007 to 2021 were obtained from the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System. Joinpoint regression analysis identified significant changes in incidence trends.

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Tim-3 pathway dysregulation and targeting in sepsis-induced immunosuppression.

Eur J Med Res

December 2024

Department of Trauma Surgery, Emergency Surgery & Surgical Critical, Tongji Trauma Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.

Sepsis is a major medical problem which causes millions of deaths worldwide every year. The host immune response in sepsis is characterized by acute inflammation and a simultaneous state of immunosuppression. In the later stage of sepsis, immunosuppression is a crucial factor that increases the susceptibility of septic patients to secondary infection and mortality.

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Challenges and global trends in combating enteric hepatitis.

J Gen Virol

December 2024

Laboratory of Applied Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil.

Enteric hepatitis, represented by the hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV), remains a significant global public health concern. While much progress has been made, many aspects of the biology and pathophysiology of HAV and HEV are still not fully understood. One of the major challenges is the absence of a reliable system for virus replication.

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[Microplanning as a tool to strengthen the National Immunization Program in BrazilLa microplanificación como herramienta para fortalecer el Programa Nacional de Inmunizaciones en Brasil].

Rev Panam Salud Publica

December 2024

Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente Departamento de Doenças Imunopreveníveis Brasília (DF) Brasil Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente, Departamento de Doenças Imunopreveníveis, Brasília (DF), Brasil.

Objective: To measure the variation in number of doses, vaccination coverage (VC) of administered vaccines, and number of municipalities that achieved the VC target in Brazil with the implementation of microplanning for high-quality vaccination activities (HQVA) and decentralized multivaccination actions.

Methods: This quasi-experimental study used data from the National Live Birth Information System, the National Immunization Program Information System, and the National Health Data Network. The number of doses of hepatitis A (HA), meningococcal conjugate-C, oral poliomyelitis, 10-valent pneumococcal, diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP), and measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccines administered to children under 2 years of age in 2022 (pre-microplanning) and 2023 (post-microplanning) was estimated.

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Characterization of the Bone Marrow Lymphoid Microenvironment and Discovery of Prognostic Immune-Related Factors in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Int J Mol Sci

December 2024

Department of Hematology, Catholic Hematology Hospital, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.

Given the limited comprehensive data on the bone marrow (BM) immune environment in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), we analyzed the distribution and phenotype of T cell subsets, including γδ T cells, and their immune checkpoint (IC) ligands on blasts. We performed multiparametric flow cytometry with BM samples taken from 89 AML patients at the time of diagnosis, remission, and relapse/refractory status after chemotherapy and 13 healthy controls (HCs) to identify immune-related risk factors. Compared to the HCs, the T cells of the AML patients exhibited exhausted features including higher TIGIT levels and similar levels of PD-1 and TIM-3.

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Virus Removal from Real Wastewater as an Environmental Management Approach.

Molecules

November 2024

CERES, Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.

The increased presence of resistant microorganisms in water promotes the need for supplementary measures to mitigate the water source's contamination. Traditional treatments are inefficient in wastewater management at removing some emerging contaminants. an invasive species, can be used in the treatment due to their resistance and biofiltration capacity, working as a pest management strategy.

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Background/aims: Relative adrenal insufficiency (RAI) is frequent in patients with liver cirrhosis and affects their prognosis. Scarce data on RAI in patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis (AAH) exists. This study aimed to document the prevalence and prognostic implication of RAI in patients with severe AAH.

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Psoriasis is a common systemic inflammatory disease and the literature has reported varying results regarding the renal involvement of psoriasis. Although many studies have investigated the presence of chronic renal damage in patients with psoriasis, there are few studies demonstrating subclinical renal damage. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the presence of clinical and subclinical renal damage in patients with psoriasis vulgaris (PV).

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Aim: Vaccines have been shown to have the highest efficacy in preventing infectious diseases through their ability to induce immunological memory against pathogens. An adverse reaction to a vaccine is an unexpected medical occurrence following immunization. Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a disease that has undergone much controversy regarding its onset post-vaccination.

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Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Induce Exhaustion-Like CD8 T Cells during JEV Infection.

Int J Biol Sci

December 2024

State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.

Japanese encephalitis (JE), caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), is a mosquito-borne zoonotic disease and a leading cause of viral encephalitis worldwide. While JEV has the ability to traverse the blood-brain barrier (BBB), the precise mechanisms by which it inhibits the immune response prior to penetrating the BBB remain unclear, presenting obstacles in the development of efficacious therapeutic interventions. This study investigated the impact of JEV on CD8 T cell responses, with a particular focus on the dysfunction of CD8 T cells during JEV infection.

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Introduction And Objectives: The short-term mortality of severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH) is high, but there are no effective treatments to improve short-term mortality other than corticosteroids. This study investigated the effects of adding rifaximin to standard treatment in patients with SAH.

Material And Methods: In this randomized controlled open-label trial, patients with SAH (Maddrey's discriminant function≥32) were randomized to the rifaximin or control group.

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Background: Hepatitis A infections continue to be a major global public health problem. The epidemiology and seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) have important public health implications. This study aimed to retrospectively examine the hepatitis A cases and hepatitis A seroprevalence in our region in our hospital with the highest number of inpatient and outpatient cases in Istanbul.

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Achieving sustained activity and tolerance in of allogeneic grafts after post-transplantation remains a substantial challenge. The response of the immune system to "non-self" MHC-antigenic peptides initiates a crucial phase, wherein blocking positive co-stimulatory signals becomes imperative to ensure graft survival and tolerance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) inhibit mRNA translation or promote mRNA degradation by complementary binding of mRNA seed sequences, which ultimately affects protein synthesis.

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Matrine relieved DHAV-1-induced hepatocyte excessive interferon and pyroptosis by activating mitophagy.

Poult Sci

November 2024

MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China. Electronic address:

Duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1) is a significant pathogen affecting ducklings, capable of causing rapid mortality and adversely impacting the development of the duck industry. Matrine, the primary active ingredient in various Chinese herbal medicines, has demonstrated antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties. Nevertheless, the effects and mechanisms of action of matrine against DHAV-1 infection remain unclear.

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Background: Blocking of Tim-3 exerts therapeutic effects in a series of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI).

Methods: In this work, a cross-clamped aortic arch was conducted to establish SCIRI rat model. Besides, rat spinal microglia was subjected to OGD/R to mimic I/R-like conditions in vitro.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study analyzed hepatitis A cases in China from 2005 to 2023, revealing a total of 605,509 reported cases with an average incidence rate of 2.32 per 100,000 people, higher in men (2.85) than women (1.81), and most prevalent among those aged 0-14 (3.25).
  • - Farmers represented the largest group of reported cases (40.57%), while the unemployed saw a significant increase in cases (347.32%), contrasting with a notable decline among students (90.27%).
  • - The incidence rate, especially in western China (4.45 per 100,000), displayed variations over time, with distinct high-incidence
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One of the main clinical manifestations of infection by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is infectious mononucleosis. In this clinical syndrome, mild hepatitis with a slight elevation of aminotransferases is common. However, cholestasis is rare and usually occurs alongside a more severe, cytolytic hepatitis.

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