Assessment of Current Practices for Perioperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Kidney Transplantation in China: Results from a Nationwide Survey.

Background: Current guidelines support routine perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) to minimize surgical site infection in kidney transplantation (KT), though data regarding the current practices of PAP is lacking in China.

Objective: To survey the routine PAP strategies in KT, and analyze main clinical considerations associated with adjusted antibiotic dosing regimens in different Chinese hospitals.

Methods: A nationwide survey was conducted on behalf of the National Alliance of Transplant Pharmacists.

Inappropriate Prescribing of Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir in Solid Organ Transplantation With COVID-19 Infection: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Background: Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir (NR) has demonstrated effectiveness in halting the progression to severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. However, it has a wide range of interactions, especially with immunosuppressants. The study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the Inappropriate prescribing of NR and immunosuppressants in SOTRs with COVID-19, while also highlighting the essential aspects.

Predict value of tumor markers combined with interleukins for therapeutic efficacy and prognosis in ovarian cancer patients.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most prevalent and fatal malignancy of the female reproductive system, with the majority of patients diagnosed at an advanced stage due to the lack of early screening. Despite surgery and chemotherapy being the standard treatments, overall survival rates have not improved significantly, highlighting the need for new biomarkers for therapeutic efficacy and prognostic evaluation. This study aimed to clarify the application value of tumor markers (TMs), including carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), combined with interleukins (ILs), such as IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10, in the evaluation of therapeutic efficacy and prognosis of OC, and to establish a prediction model.

Effectiveness and safety of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir in kidney transplant recipients with severe kidney dysfunction infected with COVID-19.

Transplant patients face an elevated risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) morbidity and mortality and commonly encounter renal dysfunction. Nirmatrelvir is primarily excreted through the kidneys. The dosage of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (NR) needs to be adjusted according to the degree of renal function impairment.

Effects of early PCSK9 inhibitor application on inflammation levels and microcirculatory function after PCI in patients with NSTE-ACS.

Objective: To investigate inflammation levels and microcirculatory function following the early application of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS).

Methods: This is a retrospective study. Between December 2019 and December 2021, 120 patients with NSTE-ACS admitted to the People's Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine for PCI were randomized via a web-based randomization system into a control group (60 cases) treated with atorvastatin or a PCSK9 inhibitor group (60 cases) treated with atorvastatin + evolocumab.

[The meaning and indication of "Rou Ji"].

"Rou Ji", as a name of disease syndrome, played an important role with its relevant theories and clinical experiences in historical recordings. However, it was treasured neither in modern archives nor by clinical physicians. The concept of "Rou Ji" started in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period (770 B.

[Study on protective effect of Chaihu Shugan Powder against liver injury in rats with intrahepatic cholestasis by regulating FXR/Nrf2/ARE pathway].

This study aims to investigate the effect of Chaihu Shugan Powder(CHSG) on liver injury in rats with intrahepatic cholestasis by regulating farnesoid X receptor(FXR)/nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor(Nrf2)/antioxidant response element(ARE) pathway. Eighty-four SD rats were classified into normal group, model group, CHSG-L group(0.5 g·kg~(-1)), CHSG-H group(2.

[Mechanism of Atractylodes macrocephala against Alzheimer's disease via regulating lysophagy based on LKB1-AMPK-TFEB pathway].

Myloid beta(Aβ) is produced by cleavage of amyloid precursor protein(APP), which is a main reason for Alzheimer's disease(AD) occurrence and development. This study preliminarily investigated the mechanism of Atractylodes macrocephala(AM) against AD based on LKB1-AMPK-TFEB pathway. The effect of AM on memory ability of AD transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans CL2241 was detected, and then the APP plasmid was transiently transferred to mouse neuroblastoma(N2 a) cells in vitro.

[Molecular mechanism of astragaloside Ⅳ against atherosclerosis by regulating miR-17-5p and PCSK9/VLDLR signal pathway].

This study explores the regulatory effect of astragaloside Ⅳ on miR-17-5 p and its downstream proprotein convertase subtillisin/kexin type 9(PCSK9)/very low density lipoprotein receptor(VLDLR) signal pathway, aiming at elucidating the mechanism of astragaloside Ⅳ against atherosclerosis(AS). In cell experiment, oxidized low-density lipoprotein(ox-LDL) was used for endothelial cell injury modeling with vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs). Then cells were classified into the model group, miR-17-5 p inhibitor group, blank serum group, and astragaloside Ⅳ-containing serum group based on the invention.

Environmental and sensitization variations among asthma and/or rhinitis patients between 2008 and 2018 in China.

Background: Little is known about the changes in allergen sensitization in China secondary to the environmental variations over the past decade. We aimed at investigating the variations in sensitization among asthma and/or rhinitis patients in China between 2008 and 2018.

Methods: This study analyzed cross-sectional data from national surveys conducted in China in 2008 and 2018.

LC-MS/MS for determination of aesculetin in rat plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study.

Aesculetin, a coumarin compound present in the sancho tree and chicory, exhibits excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in the vascular and immune system. In this study, a rapid and sensitive ultra-high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method was established and validated for the determination of aesculetin in rat plasma. Plasma samples were prepared by protein precipitation with acetonitrile.

The Prevalence of HIV-infected Patients with Virological Suppression but a CD4 T-cell Count of ≤ 200 Cells/mm after Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation: A Meta-analysis.

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) strongly inhibits HIV replication. However, many patients show suboptimal immune recovery (SIR), as defined by virological suppression (i.e.

[Literature-based analysis of conversion of components in fermentation process of Sojae Semen Praeparatum].

Based on the systematic retrieval and the reported components of Sojae Semen Nigrum and Sojae Semen Praeparatum, this study conducted in-depth analysis of conversion of components in the fermentation process, and discussed types and possible mec-hanisms of conversion of chemical components, so as to provide the basis for studying technology, medicinal ingredients and quality standards. According to the analysis, there is a certain degree of conversion of nutrients(like protein, sugar, lipid), bioactive substances(like isoflavones, saponins, γ-aminobutyric acid) and other substances(like nucleosides, melanoids, biamines, etc) in the process of fermentation.

[Research on regularity of traditional Chinese medicine in treatment of Alzheimer's disease based on data mining].

To explore prescription medication regularity in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). With Alzheimer's disease or senile dementia as the subject, collecting and sorting out the journal papers in CNKI were collected as the data source to establish the literature research database of Alzheimer's disease prescriptions, and then the association rule analysis, factor analysis and systematic cluster analysis on the included TCM were conducted. Among the 113 prescriptions included in the standard, the single herb Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma was the most common.

[Systematic evaluation and trial sequential analysis of Tianma Gouteng Granules combined with anti-hypertensive drugs in treatment of essential hypertension].

To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Tianma Gouteng Granules combined with conventional anti-hypertensive drugs in the treatment of essential hypertension. The clinical randomized controlled trials(RCTs) on the treatment of essential hypertension with Tianma Gouteng Granules combined with conventional anti-hypertensive drugs were searched in PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, VIP, CNKI, Wanfang, SinoMed since the establishment of the databases to April 2020 based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and Meta-analysis was conducted by using RevMan 5.3 software.

[Meta-analysis of efficacy and safety of Xinmailong Injection in treatment of heart failure after acute myocardial infarction].

To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Xinmailong Injection in the treatment of heart failure after acute myocardial infarction. Seven Chinese and English databases, namely CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, SinoMed and PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, were retrieved from the establishment of the database to March 2020. Randomized controlled trials for Xinmailong Injection in the treatment of heart failure after acute myocardial infarction were screened out.

[Systematic evaluation of Huaier Granules adjuvant treatment of primary liver cancer].

To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Huaier Granules in the adjuvant treatment of primary liver cancer. The databases of CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBMdisc, PubMed, Cochrane Library and EMbase were searched by computer to screen out the randomized controlled trial on Huaier Granules combined with Western medicine in the treatment of primary liver cancer from the establishment of the databases to January 2020. Data extraction and quality evaluation were conducted for the included literature.

[Effect of Puyu Capsules on behavior,HPA axis and CREB-BDNF pathway expression in hippocampus of depressed mice].

This study aimed to investigate the antidepressant effects of Puyu Capsules and its potential mechanism. The antidepressant activity of Puyu Capsules was evaluated by forced swimming test(FST) and tail suspension test(TST) after subchronic administration in mice. Next, the mice were subjected to a chronic unpredictable stress(CUS) protocol for a period of 28 d to induce depressive-like behaviors.

[Discussion on historical evolution and modern research progress of Sesami Semen Nigrum processing based on visual thinking].

Sesami Semen Nigrum has a long history of dual use(medicine and food). The research of its processing technology is related to the development and utilization of its own "medicine-food balance" feature, which is the basis for Sesami Semen Nigrum to realize the modernization of technology and standardization of quality. Due to its various processing methods and the long history span, the traditional medical classics(from the end of Han Dynasty to the Republic of China), modern standard specification and researches on processing were sorted out with the help of database and document mining technology, and the visual thinking was adopted to analyze the evolution trend of Sesami Semen Nigrum processing methods.

[Textual research on Sojae Semen Nigrum].

In this paper, the name, origin and producing area of Sojae Semen Nigrum were studied to provide the basis for the selection of medicinal varieties of Sojae Semen Nigrum. The textual research of this herbal was carried out through the textual research of ancient and modern literature and the comparative study of botany, combined with agricultural archaeology and the investigation of adulterant products. Before Qin Dynasty, the Sojae Semen Nigrums had not been selected, and the edible beans should only be Glycine soja.

Novel porous iron phthalocyanine based metal-organic framework electrochemical sensor for sensitive vanillin detection.

Vanillin is widely used as a flavor enhancer and is known to have numerous other interesting properties, including antidepressant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. However, as excess vanillin consumption can affect liver and kidney function, simple and rapid detection methods for vanillin are required. Herein, a novel electrochemical sensor for the sensitive determination of vanillin was fabricated using an iron phthalocyanine (FePc)-based metal-organic framework (MOF).

Oxysophocarpine reduces oxidative stress and inflammation in tuberculosis-infected neutrophils and mouse lungs.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic inflammatory infectious disease caused by (Mtb), which induces irreversible pulmonary damage. Oxysophocarpine (OSC) is a natural alkaloid that exhibits multiple pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammation; however, the protective effects of OSC against TB and the mechanisms involved are unknown. Here, we established murine and cellular models of TB with C3HeB/FeJ mice and neutrophils infected with H37Rv to investigate the biological functions of OSC in TB.

[Expert consensus on clinical application of Chinese herbal medicine decoction pieces (First Edition)].

Chinese herbal medicine decoction pieces(CHMDP), one of the main forms of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in clinic, have been widely used. However, the irrational use is increasingly serious due to the lack of the indicators for judging the rational use of CHMDP in medical institutions and the codes and standards for the clinical use of CHMDP. In order to regulate the rational clinical use of CHMDP, improve the clinical efficacy and ensure the drug safety for the patients, clinical pharmaceutical experts and clinical medical experts from 40 third-grade class-A hospitals nationwide were organized to give the "expert consensus on clinical application of CHMDP" in terms of prescription writing, combined use of drugs, use of special drugs, and drug use for special population.

[Study on medication regularity of chronic atrophic gastritis in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region based on latent structure model].

To explore the etiology, pathogenesis, distribution of syndromes and the rule of medication of chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG) in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region based on the latent structure model. Chronic atrophic gastritis of 279 cases in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region were extracted from the established database of spleen and stomach diseases of famous veteran Chinese medicine experts. The latent structure models of symptoms and drugs of chronic atrophic gastritis were constructed by using Lantern 3.