Network analysis reveals potential mechanisms that determine the cellular identity of keratinocytes and corneal epithelial cells through the Hox/Gtl2-Dio3 miRNA axis.

During embryonic development, both corneal epithelial cells (CECs) and keratinocytes (KCs) originate from the surface ectoderm. As a result of this shared origin, corneal epithelial cells may exhibit the same characteristics as the skin epidermis in pathological situations, while keratinocytes are ideal seed cells for tissue-engineered corneas. However, how the identities of keratinocytes and corneal epithelial cells are determined is currently unclear.

OBC-YOLOv8: an improved road damage detection model based on YOLOv8.

Effective and efficient detection of pavement distress is very important for the normal use and maintenance of roads. To achieve this goal, a new road damage detection method based on YOLOv8 is proposed in this article. Firstly, omni-dimensional dynamic convolution (ODConv) block is employed to better grasp the complex and diverse features of damage objects by making dynamic adjustment according to the features of input images.

Nonlinear Small Sample Data Regression with a New Rational-Quadratic Minkowski Kernel for Tobacco Laser Perforation Process Tar Reduction Estimation.

This paper investigates the nonlinear relationship between tobacco harmful content tar reduction and laser perforation parameters. To find a model to demonstrate the relationship between the laser perforation parameters and the cigarette tar reduction level, an online platform based on Python Streamlit was built to collect and publish related data. After the initial analysis of the collected experimental data, the quadratic nonlinear regression model demonstrates a significant fit to the experimental data.

Genome-wide identification, evolution, and expression analysis of the bone morphogenetic protein gene family in Myxocyprinus asiaticus.

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are important growth factors belonging to the TGF-β superfamily. These factors not only play a vital role in skeleton formation in young fish but also regulate the morphological development of M. asiaticus, with Group II genes regulating morphology mainly during the juvenile stage.

Has the Era of Individualized Intrauterine Treatment for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Arrived?

Background: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a common metabolic genetic disease. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial to improve the prognosis. Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) is an early, safe, and accurate method.

Revealing the critical state and identifying individualized dynamic network biomarker for type 2 diabetes through advanced analysis methods on individual basis.

Complex diseases may not always progress in a gradual manner. In the early stages of complex diseases, obvious symptoms are usually not observable, but there is a commonality: there is a brief state of predisease between the progression from normal state to disease state, which usually includes three stages: normal state, critical state of predisease, and disease state. Identifying this critical state, especially with a single sample from an individual, remains a difficult task.

Bonenncarpas A-K: Coumarin derivatives with anti-inflammatory activity from Boenninghausenia sessilicarpa.

Eleven previously undescribed coumarin derivatives, bonenncarpas A-K (1-11), along with three known analogues (12-14), were isolated from the whole plant of Boenninghausenia sessilicarpa. The structures of these compounds were elucidated through comprehensive spectroscopic and spectrometric analyses. Their absolute configurations were determined by comparing experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism data, as well as by X-ray crystallography.

Integration of the partition effect into the model of non-aqueous phase liquid solubilization by non-ionic surfactant.

Accurately predicting the efficiency of surfactant-enhanced recovery of non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) using non-ionic surfactants requires a precise estimation of the kinetics of rate-limited solubilization under the effect of bulk partition. This study investigated the kinetics of surfactant partition from aqueous phase into liquid NAPL and its subsequent impact on the solubilization kinetics of dodecane. For all surfactants examined, the solubilization of dodecane by anionic rhamnolipid (RL) and SDBS, presenting NAPL-water interface adsorption loss only, closely followed the first-order mass transfer model under the assumption of constant solubility.

Structural diversity and electronic properties of neodymium borides under high pressure.

Rare earth (RE) borides have garnered significant attention due to their high mechanical strength, superconductivity, and novel electronic properties. In this study, we systematically investigate the structural, electronic, and mechanical properties of RE neodymium borides across a wide range of pressures. Various stoichiometries of Nd-B compounds are predicted using the unbiased CALYPSO structure search method and density functional theory calculations.

Plexciton Photoluminescence in Strongly Coupled 2D Semiconductor-Plasmonic Nanocavity Hybrid.

Strong plasmon-exciton interaction between two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides and a plasmonic nanocavity under ambient conditions has been reported extensively. But the suspicion on whether it has reached a true "strong coupling" is always there because the commonly used dark-field scattering spectroscopy shows a larger spectral splitting and the splitting in the photoluminescence spectra is absent. Here, by using a nanobipyramid-over-mirror to enhance the in-plane vacuum field, we achieve spectral Rabi splitting in both scattering and differential reflection spectra and observe a clear photoluminescence emission of the lower plexciton branch.

Cocatalysis of catalytic hairpin assembly and ternary heterojunction BiS@MoS@BiMoO promotes ultra-sensitive electrochemical of detection MiRNA-21.

Ternary heterojunction BiS/MoS/BiMoO was designed as a signal probe to develop a dual signal amplification strategy empowered electrochemical biosensor for sensitive miRNA-21 detection by combining with catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA). The combination of the BiS/MoS/BiMoO heterojunction as a tracer indication probe and the CHA amplification strategy not only took fully use of the highly dense nanowire interwoven structure and superior active region of the probe, but also endowed the ability to improve the molecular hybridization efficiency by collision, which significantly avoided the cumbersome chain design and greatly simplified the step-by-step construction of the electrode surface. Hairpin H1 was first added dropwise to the gold nanoparticle-decorated electrode surface, and then opened by the introduced miRNA-21 to initiate the specific hybridization.

A Triple-Responsive and Dual-NIR Emissive Fluorescence Probe for Precise Cancer Imaging and Therapy by Activating Pyroptosis Pathway.

Revealing changes in the tumor microenvironment is crucial for understanding cancer and developing sensitive methods for precise cancer imaging and diagnosis. Intracellular hydrogen peroxide (HO) and microenvironmental factors (e.g.

Impact of Varying Velocities and Solvation Boxes on Alchemical Free-Energy Simulations.

Alchemical free-energy perturbation (FEP) is an accurate and thermodynamically stringent way to estimate relative energies for the binding of small ligands to biological macromolecules. It has repeatedly been pointed out that a single simulation normally stays near the starting point in phase space and therefore underestimates the uncertainty of the results. Therefore, it is better to run an ensemble of independent simulations.

Size Inhomogeneity Facilitates Exciton Dissociation in Carbon Dots.

Organic carbon dots (CDs) exhibit tunable electronic structures and exceptional optical properties, supporting both exciton- and charge-driven applications. However, the mechanisms underlying this dual functionality are poorly understood. This study establishes the role of size inhomogeneity in exciton dissociation for the first time.

Efficient photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A on 2D-3D spherically hierarchical structure ZnInS.

Bisphenol A (BPA) poses a significant environmental threat due to its widespread use as an industrial chemical and its classification as an environmental endocrine disruptor. The urgent need for effective BPA removal has driven research toward innovative solutions. In this study, we present the synthesis and application of a novel 2D-3D spherically hierarchical ZnInS (ZIS) photocatalyst for the photocatalytic degradation of BPA under visible light for the first time.

Palladium-catalyzed intramolecular aerobic oxidative cross-coupling of BH/CH between -carborane and arenes.

An efficient Pd-catalyzed regioselective intramolecular aerobic oxidative dehydrocoupling of BH/CH between -carborane and arenes has been achieved with the construction of a series of five-, six- and seven-membered rings under mild reaction conditions. Control experiments indicate that B-H activation proceeds preferentially over the aryl C-H. These new polyarene-carborane conjugates have potential applications in materials as demonstrated by pyrene fused -carborane that exhibits unique dual-phase emission, intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties.

Innovative therapeutic strategies for intrauterine adhesions: Role of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in rat models.

Intrauterine adhesions (IUAs) represent a considerable impediment to female reproductive health. Despite ongoing debate regarding the optimally efficacious route of administration and dosage of stem cells for IUA treatment, human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) have emerged as a promising avenue for regenerative therapy. The present study aimed to investigate the potential effects of UCMSCs on IUAs and to further explore the most effective treatment route and dosages.

A Reliable High-Performance Floating-Gate Transistor Based on ZrS Native Oxidation for Optoelectronic Synergistic Artificial Synapses.

Floating-gate transistors (FGTs), considered the most promising structure among three-terminal van der Waals (vdW) synaptic transistors, possess superiorities in improved data retention, excellent endurance properties, and multibit storage capacity, thereby overcoming the von Neumann bottleneck in conventional computing architectures. However, the dielectric layer in FGT devices typically depends on atomic layer deposition or mechanically transferred insulators, posing several challenges in terms of device compatibility, manufacturing complexity, and performance degradation. Therefore, it is crucial to discover dielectrics compatible with two-dimensional (2D) materials for further simplifying FGT structures and achieving optimal performance.

Usp7 contributes to the tail regeneration of planarians via Islet/Wnt1 axis.

Background: Regeneration plays a key role in energy recycling and homeostasis maintenance. Planarians, as ideal model animals for studying regeneration, stem cell proliferation, and apoptosis, have the strong regenerative abilities. Considerable evidence suggests that ubiquitin plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis and regulating regeneration, but the function of Ubiquitin specific proteases 7 (Usp7) on regeneration in planarians remains elusive.

Copper-Mediated Enantioselective C-H Thiolation of Ferrocenes Enabled by the BINOL Ligand.

Transition-metal-catalyzed enantioselective C-H activation has transformed the landscape of asymmetric synthesis, enabling the efficient conversion of C-H bonds into C-C and carbon-heteroatom (C-X) bonds. However, the formation of C-S bonds through enantioselective C-H thiolation remains underdeveloped due to challenges such as catalyst deactivation and competitive coordination of sulfur-containing compounds with chiral ligands. Herein, we report an unprecedented approach to constructing sulfur-substituted planar chiral ferrocenes (PCFs) through copper-mediated enantioselective C-H thiolation enabled by only a 2.

The association between primary frozen shoulder and serum lipids may be overestimated: evidence based on retrospective observational studies and Mendelian randomization.

Background: Previous studies have shown that dyslipidemia is significantly associated with primary frozen shoulder and may be a risk factor for the development of primary frozen shoulder. However, these findings may be biased by a number of confounding factors. We investigated the association between serum lipids and primary frozen shoulder by retrospective analysis and two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) methods.

Integrated analysis of transcriptome, sRNAome, and degradome involved in the drought-response of maize Zhengdan958.

Drought is a major abiotic stress in restricting the growth, development, and yield of maize. As a significant epigenetic regulator, small RNA also functions in connecting the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory network. Further to help comprehending the molecular mechanisms underlying drought adaptability and tolerance of maize, an integrated multi-omics analysis of transcriptome, sRNAome, and degradome was performed on the seedling roots of an elite hybrid Zhengdan958 under drought stress.

Chiral Primary Amine-Catalyzed Asymmetric Photochemical Reactions of Pyridotriazoles with Boronic Acids to Access Triarylmethanes.

Imine-containing azaarene-based triarylmethanes are vital molecular motifs that are prevalent in a wide array of bioactive compounds. Recognizing the limitations of current synthetic methodologies─marked by a scarcity of examples and difficulties in flexible functional group modulation─we have developed an efficient and modular asymmetric photochemical strategy employing pyridotriazoles and boronic acids as substrates. Utilizing novel chiral diamine-derived pyrroles and primary amines as catalysts, we successfully synthesized a diverse range of triarylmethanes with high yields and excellent enantioselectivities.

Electrochemical Denitrative Cyclization Driven by Alternating Polarity.

Alternating current electrolysis has emerged as a promising technique for addressing challenging redox reactions that are otherwise difficult or impossible for direct current electrolysis. Under mild and transition-metal-free reaction conditions, a general electrochemical denitrative cyclization of nitroarenes was developed to access various cyclic sulfone-containing derivatives of biological significance. The key to success lies in the facile manipulation of multiple redox events upon rapid alternating polarity switching to enhance the selectivity and efficiency.

Electrochemically Driven Selective Olefin Epoxidation by Cobalt-TAML Catalyst.

Epoxides are versatile chemical intermediates that are used in the manufacture of diversified industrial products. For decades, thermochemical conversion has long been employed as the primary synthetic route. However, it has several drawbacks, such as harsh and explosive operating conditions, as well as a significant greenhouse gas emissions problem.