Improvement of maize starch-lauric acid complexes by plasma pretreatment: Formation, structure, properties and its related mechanisms.

Starch-lipid complexes have attracted widespread attention owing to high anti-digestibility and thermal stability. However, methods to increase the content of starch-lipid complexes are limited. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of atmospheric cold plasma (ACP) treatment for different times (0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 min) on the formation and structure of complexes between maize starch (MS) and lauric acid (LA).

The criticality of exports sophistication and CO emissions: A new path towards sustainable environmental management.

This study investigates the relation between exports sophistication and CO emissions, with particular attention paid to how foreign direct investment moderates them in Asian economies from 1995 to 2020. This study investigates the influence of exports sophistication, which measures productivity and income associated with an export basket, on environmental quality. Utilizing a two-step Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), we found that exports sophistication has an inverted U-shaped relationship with CO emissions.

Morphological, physiological, element absorption, and transcriptomic analysis reveals the mechanism of 2-(3,4-Dichlorophenoxy) trimethylamine alleviating copper stress in cucumber seedlings.

Copper (Cu) pollution resulting from human activities has emerged as a prominent issue stemming from industrial development. The entry of copper into the soil, either directly or through industrial wastewater, exerts adverse effects on plant growth, leading to its accumulation in significant quantities within the plant and subsequent endangerment of human health through the food chain. DCPTA [2-(3, 4-dichlorophenoxy) triethylamine] mitigates certain abiotic stresses, yet the precise mechanism by which it alleviates Cu-induced phytotoxicity remains unknown.

Cloning the promoter of the sucrose transporter gene PsSUT2 and screening its upstream transcription factors in tree peony.

Sucrose is an essential energy substance for tree peony (Paeonia Suffruticosa) floral organ development. However, little is known about the sucrose regulatory network in tree peony. In this study, the promoter sequence of the tree peony sucrose transporter gene PsSUT2 was cloned.

New insights into the combined effects of aflatoxin B1 and Eimeria ovinoidalis on uterine function by disrupting the gut-blood-reproductive axis in sheep.

Background: Sheep coccidiosis is an infectious parasitic disease that primarily causes diarrhea and growth retardation in young animals, significantly hindering the development of the sheep breeding industry. Cereal grains and animal feeds are frequently contaminated with mycotoxins worldwide, with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) being the most common form. AFB1 poses a serious threat to gastrointestinal health upon ingestion and affects the function of parenteral organs, thus endangering livestock health.

Nitrogen-doped porous hydrochar for enhanced chromium(VI) and bisphenol A scavenging: Synergistic effect of chemical activation and hydrothermal doping.

Nitrogen-doped porous hydrochar (NPHC) was successfully synthesized by hydrothermal carbonization and activation with KHCO, which was employed for scavenging hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) and bisphenol A (BPA) in contaminated water. N doping increased the unique active sites such as amino and molecular N in NPHC for adsorbing contaminants, and enhanced the activation effect. Compared to original (HC) and N-doped hydrochar (NHC), the S of material improved from 3.

Functional study of ZmHDZ4 in maize (Zea mays) seedlings under drought stress.

Background: Maize is a major feed and industrial crop and pivotal for ensuring global food security. In light of global warming and climate change, improving maize tolerance to water deficit is crucial. Identification and functional analysis of drought tolerance genes have potential practical importance in understanding the molecular mechanisms of drought stress.

Achieving synergistic enhancement in the anaerobic digestion of corn straw by (CH + CO) nanobubbles in conjunction with optimized particle sizes.

Nanobubbles (NBs) technology has been proven to promote methane production from anaerobic digestion (AD). In this study, the synergistic effects of (CH + CO)-nanobubble water ((CH + CO)-NBW) combined with varying particle sizes of corn straw on the AD were investigated. As findings, adding (CH + CO)-NBW effectively promoted the methane production from AD of corn straw with different particle sizes.

Systematic identification and analysis of the HSP70 genes reveals MdHSP70-38 enhanced salt tolerance in transgenic tobacco and apple.

Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is a class of important molecular chaperones that are involved in protein folding, stabilization, and maturation, and play a vital role in plant growth and response to environmental stress. Apple trees frequently suffer from different-degree salt stress, which seriously affects their growth, quality, and yield. However, whether HSP70 genes are involved in salt tolerance is unexplored in apple.

Global burden, risk factors, and projections of early-onset dementia: Insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: Despite increasing global awareness of dementia, reliable estimates of the disease burden associated with Early-Onset Dementia (EOD) remain insufficiently quantified. This study aims to estimate the disease burden of EOD, analyze the burden attributable to risk factors from 1990 to 2021, and project these trends to 2050 at global, regional, and national levels, providing essential data to inform public health policy.

Methods: By utilising data from the GBD 2021 database, this study analysed metrics such as age-standardized prevalence (ASPR), mortality (ASMR), and disability-adjusted life years (AS-DALYs) for EOD.

Overexpression of ZmSKD1 improves cadmium tolerance through the vesicle trafficking pathway in tobacco.

Cadmium (Cd) is a major soil pollutant that threatens plant growth and human health. The plant ATPase associated with various cellular activities (AAA) SKD1 utilizes ATP hydrolysis energy to mediate cellular responses to environmental stress. However, the role and regulatory mechanisms of SKD1 in plant responses to Cd stress are not well understood.

Transcriptome analysis of tree peony under high temperature treatment and functional verification of PsDREB2A gene.

Paeonia suffruticosa is a plant of Paeonia in Paeoniaceae. It is an important woody ornamental flower in the world. High temperature in summer hinders the growth of tree peony and reduces its ornamental quality, which restricts the cultivation and application of tree peony in Jiangnan area of China.

Response of human metabolism to ultra-low and high nicotine cigarettes based on urine metabolomics and bioinformatic analysis.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the metabolomic profiles of urine samples obtained from smokers who smoked cigarettes with low and high nicotine content.

Methods: Three smokers participated in this study. They were given low-nicotine (LN) cigarettes, and urine was collected at the end of the third day for the LN group.

Microbiome-proteome analysis of gastrointestinal microbiota and longissimus thoracis muscle proteins in cattle with high and low grades of marbling.

Marbling is a key indicator of the meat quality of ruminants. Gastrointestinal microbiota may regulate the formation of marbling by influencing the nutritional metabolism of animals. This study analyzed the composition and functional differences of microbiota in the rumen and cecum, the differences in volatile fatty acids (VFAs) content in the longissimus thoracis muscle, and the differences in protein abundance in the longissimus thoracis muscle of ruminants with different marbling grades through microbiome-proteome analysis.

SIRT5-mediated GLS and GDH desuccinylation attenuates the autophagy of bovine mammary epithelial cells induced by ammonia.

Sirtuin 5 (SIRT5) in mitochondria possesses a strong capacity for lysine desuccinylation, involving in various biological processes. Our previous research demonstrated that NH regulated autophagy dependent on SIRT5 in bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs). Interestingly, we discovered that SIRT5 reduced the content of NH and glutamate by inhibiting GLS activity in bMECs, the ratio of ADP/ATP also declined.

Licochalcone a: A promising antiparasitic drug against giardiasis.

Giardiasis, caused by Giardia duodenalis, is a prevalent and significant zoonotic disease. While nitroimidazole drugs are primarily used to treat giardiasis, the urgent need for the development and formulation of new drugs has arisen due to increasing drug resistance. Several plant derived medicine have been employed as antiparasitic drugs.

Ultra-Sensitive Abscisic Acid Detection Using Gold and 4-Mercaptopyridine Perovskite-Engineered Robust Nanofibers (GLAMPER-NFs) under Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy.

This study explores the development and application of gold and 4-mercaptopyridine (MPY) perovskite-engineered robust nanofibers (GLAMPER-NFs) for the ultrasensitive detection of Abscisic acid (ABA) under Raman spectroscopy, a crucial plant hormone. The GLAMPER-NFs composite material, consisting of MAPbCl nanofibers integrated with MPY-coated gold nanostructures, demonstrates exceptional performance in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based sensing. The study elucidates the material structure and properties through comprehensive characterization using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared, and Raman spectroscopy.

Genomic analysis of Zhou8425B, a key founder parent, reveals its genetic contributions to elite agronomic traits in wheat breeding.

High-quality genome information is essential for efficiently deciphering and improving crop traits. Here we report a highly contiguous and accurate hexaploid genome assembly for the key wheat breeding parent Zhou8425B, an elite 1BL/1RS translocation line with durable adult plant resistance (APR) against yellow rust (YR) disease. By integrating HiFi and Hi-C sequencing reads, a 14.

Cropformer: An Interpretable Deep Learning Framework for Crop Genome Prediction.

Machine learning and deep learning have been employed in genomic selection (GS) to expedite the identification of superior genotypes and accelerate breeding cycles. However, a significant challenge for current data-driven deep learning models in GS is their low robustness and interpretability. To address this challenge, we developed Cropformer, a deep learning framework for predicting crop phenotypes and exploring downstream tasks.

Molecular detection and evolutionary analysis of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in Henan and Shaanxi provinces in China.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a highly contagious and devastating enteric disease of pigs characterized by diarrhea, dehydration and 80-100% mortality in piglets, leading to substantial economic losses in the global swine industry. To investigate the prevalence of PEDV in Henan and Shaanxi provinces of China from 2022 to 2023, a total of 87 clinical samples (including intestinal tissues and faeces) were collected from diseased piglets during outbreaks of diarrhea on pig farms. Of the 87 samples, 32 (36.

Evasion of the Antiviral Innate Immunity by PRV.

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) establishes persistent latent infections by effectively evading the host's antiviral innate immune response. PRV has developed sophisticated strategies to bypass immune surveillance through coevolution with its host. Currently, no effective vaccine exists to prevent or treat infections caused by emerging PRV variants, and the interactions between PRV and the host's innate immune defenses remain incompletely understood.

Identification of the Brassinazole-Resistant () Gene Family in Wheat ( L.) and the Molecular Cloning and Functional Characterization of .

Brassinazole-resistant (BZR) transcription factors are important transcription factors in Brassinosteroid (BR)-responsive gene expression. However, limited knowledge exists regarding the genes in wheat and a limited number of family genes have been previously reported in wheat. In this study, the synteny analyses of the genes suggested that gene duplication events have played an essential role in the family during evolution.

The Utility of Visual and Olfactory Maize Leaf Cues in Host Finding by Adult (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

The fall armyworm, (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (FAW), is an invasive and destructive polyphagous pest that poses a significant threat to global agricultural production. The FAW mainly damages maize, with a particular preference for V3-V5 (third to fifth leaf collar) plant stages in northern China. How the FAW moth precisely locates maize plants in the V3-V5 stage at night remains unclear.

Plant Microbe Interaction-Predicting the Pathogen Internalization Through Stomata Using Computational Neural Network Modeling.

Foodborne disease presents a substantial challenge to researchers, as foliar water intake greatly influences pathogen internalization via stomata. Comprehending plant-pathogen interactions, especially under fluctuating humidity and temperature circumstances, is crucial for formulating ways to prevent pathogen ingress and diminish foodborne hazards. This study introduces a computational model utilizing neural networks to anticipate pathogen internalization via stomata, contrasting with previous research that emphasized biocontrol techniques.

The Influence of Dietary n-3 Highly Unsaturated Fatty Acids on Growth, Fatty Acid Profile, Lipid Metabolism, Inflammatory Response, and Intestinal Microflora in F Generation Female Yangtze Sturgeon ().

DHA and EPA, as indispensable n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs), exert a fundamental influence on regulating fish growth, lipid metabolism, and overall well-being. However, there is a notable lack of data concerning their effects on the F female generation of Yangtze sturgeon. Over a ten-month period, this study assessed the impacts of various dietary concentrations of n-3 HUFAs (0.