Effect of Artificial Intelligence Helpfulness and Uncertainty on Cognitive Interactions with Pharmacists: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Clinical decision support systems leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) are increasingly integrated into health care practices, including pharmacy medication verification. Communicating uncertainty in an AI prediction is viewed as an important mechanism for boosting human collaboration and trust. Yet, little is known about the effects on human cognition as a result of interacting with such types of AI advice.

Patient-Centered Physical Activity Intervention in Lung Cancer Patients: A Clinical Severity and Functional Capacity Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Increasing physical activity levels is a significant unmet need in cancer survivors, and it can likely be enhanced through a better understanding of the interventions developed. Some studies on patient-centered physical activity interventions have shown promising results in increasing daily activity levels among lung cancer survivors. However, the programs present a high heterogeneity, and there is no consensus on the parameters and their effectiveness.

Examining Heart Failure Informal Care Partners Using Person and System Levels and Domains: A Meta-Synthesis.

Background: Within the last decade, system and policy-level changes have driven substantial shifts in heart failure (HF) care from hospital to home, requiring greater support from informal care partners. What has not been examined is the state of the care partner science by person and system-level domains using qualitative studies to understand impact across multiple person and system levels.

Objectives: (1) Identify by person and system levels and domain what is known about informal care partners and (2) Identify gaps in the caregiving science and suggest ways to move forward.

Sequestration of dead-end undecaprenyl phosphate-linked oligosaccharide intermediate.

Most Gram-negative bacteria synthesize a plethora of cell surface polysaccharides that play key roles in immune evasion, cell envelope structural integrity and host-pathogen interactions. In the predominant polysaccharide Wzx/Wzy-dependent pathway, synthesis is divided between the cytoplasmic and periplasmic faces of the membrane. Initially, an oligosaccharide composed of 3-8 sugars is synthesized on a membrane-embedded lipid carrier, undecaprenyl pyrophosphate, within the cytoplasmic face of the membrane.

Investigating the Efficacy of the Web-Based Common Elements Toolbox (COMET) Single-Session Interventions in Improving UK University Student Well-Being: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Mental health problems in university students are associated with many negative outcomes, yet there is a gap between need and timely access to help. Single-session interventions (SSIs) are designed to be scalable and accessible, delivering core evidence-based intervention components within a one-off encounter.

Objective: COMET (Common Elements Toolbox) is an online self-help SSI that includes behavioral activation, cognitive restructuring, gratitude, and self-compassion.

Patient-Reported Outcomes in Children With Idiopathic Clubfoot Deformity Treated With Ponseti Casting: Does Recurrence of the Deformity Play a Role?

Introduction: Despite the high effectiveness of Ponseti casting in treating idiopathic clubfoot, patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are not studied well in the literature, necessitating further investigation into PROs to evaluate the effect on patients' lives. We used the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) to evaluate PROs in children with Ponseti-treated clubfoot and assess the effect of recurrence on these PROs.

Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed medical records from patients ages 5 to 18 years treated for idiopathic clubfoot at a single institution from 2002 to 2023 with available PROMIS data for mobility, pain, and peer relationships.

Work-Stressors and Depression and Anxiety-A Longitudinal Study of the Moderating Role of Self-Compassion.

Self-compassion has been defined as being open to one's suffering, not avoiding or disconnecting from it, coupled with the kind and caring motivation to alleviate one's suffering. There is increasing evidence that self-compassion might function as a buffer against the negative mental health effects of experiencing work-stressors. However, while this moderating role of self-compassion has been demonstrated when measures of subjective stress are used, different studies that use measures of more objective potential stressors failed to demonstrate a moderating role of self-compassion.

Reasons to Worry About Employment During COVID-19 Among Veterans With Disabilities.

COVID-19 has resulted in enormous labour consequences for persons with disabilities, resulting in worries about their economic futures. While limited research assesses these worries in the general population, research to date has not examined employment-related worries for veterans with disabilities. The purpose of this study was to assess if veteran status results in elevated employment-related worries among persons with disabilities.

Examining Health Care Provider Experiences With Patient Portal Implementation: Mixed Methods Study.

Background: Health systems are increasingly offering patient portals as tools for patients to access their health information with the goal of improving engagement in care. However, understanding health care providers' perspectives on patient portal implementation is crucial.

Objective: This study aimed to understand health care providers' experiences of implementing the MyChart patient portal, perspectives about its impact on patient care, clinical practice, and workload, and opportunities for improvement.

An mHealth Intervention With Financial Incentives to Promote Smoking Cessation and Physical Activity Among Black Adults: Protocol for a Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Black adults in the United States experience disproportionately high rates of tobacco- and obesity-related diseases, driven in part by disparities in smoking cessation and physical activity. Smartphone-based interventions with financial incentives offer a scalable solution to address these health disparities.

Objective: This study aims to assess the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a mobile health intervention that provides financial incentives for smoking cessation and physical activity among Black adults.

Exploring the Users' Perspective of the Nationwide Self-Exclusion Service for Gambling Disorder, "Spelpaus": Qualitative Interview Study.

Background: Problem gambling and gambling disorder cause severe social, psychiatric, and financial consequences, and voluntary self-exclusion is a common harm reduction tool used by individuals with gambling problems.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore users' experience of a novel nationwide, multioperator gambling self-exclusion service, "Spelpaus," in Sweden and to inform stakeholders and policy makers in order to improve harm reduction tools against gambling problems.

Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 individuals who reported self-perceived gambling problems and who had experience of having used the self-exclusion service Spelpaus in Sweden.

The Correlation Between Symptom Clusters and Quality of Life in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by a range of symptoms that often cluster together, impacting the quality of life (QoL) of affected individuals.

Objective: To delineate the composition of symptom clusters in patients with SLE and analyze their correlation with QoL, thus providing a basis for symptom management.

Methods: Using convenience sampling, 201 patients were recruited.

Serum Tissue Plasminogen Activator After Cycling with Blood Flow Restriction.

Blood flow restriction exercise (BFRE) is a therapeutic approach traditionally used to facilitate muscular strength and hypertrophy. Emerging evidence has identified its benefits on other systems and metabolic processes. The emphasis of this study was to examine potential impact of BFRE on serum levels of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA).

Identifying Adolescent and Young Adults' Preferences for Oncology Symptom Management Clinical Trial Participation.

Background: Most studies to date exploring facilitators and barriers to adolescent and young adults' (AYAs') participation in clinical trials have been focused on external factors to AYAs' participation or recruitment strategies.

Objective: The purpose of this mixed-methods study was to determine AYA cancer survivors' preferences for oncology symptom management clinical trial participation.

Methods: Semistructured interviews and conjoint analysis were conducted to clarify potential attributes (eg, characteristics) and levels (eg, value of the characteristic) that may be important to AYA cancer survivors when considering clinical trial participation (n = 19).

Electronic Health Record Data Collection Practices to Advance Standardization and Interoperability of Patient Preferences for Interpretation Services: Qualitative Study.

Background: Poor health outcomes are well documented among patients with a non-English language preference (NELP). The use of interpreters can improve the quality of care for patients with NELP. Despite a growing and unmet need for interpretation services in the US health care system, rates of interpreter use in the care setting are consistently low.

Effectiveness of psychological interventions in reducing post-traumatic stress among post-myocardial infarction patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: Myocardial infarction (MI) can lead to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) which frequently occurs with anxiety and depression, impairing daily functioning and increasing the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events. While psychological interventions have shown promise in reducing anxiety and depression, their effectiveness for PTSD in post-MI patients remains unexplored. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the effectiveness of psychological interventions on PTSD, anxiety, and depression in post-MI patients.

Antioxidant activities of three enzymatic hydrolysates from on HaCaT cells and zebrafish .

To explore the antioxidant activity of enzymatic hydrolysates of from Dalian and preliminarily elucidate their mechanisms of action both and . Samples were hydrolysed using alcalase, protamex, and neutrase. 2,2-diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)hydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging assays showed that the alcalase hydrolysate had the highest antioxidant activity, with IC values of 4.

Ultrasonic/microwave-assisted extraction and properties of polysaccharides from .

This study aimed to optimize the ultrasonic/microwave-assisted extraction (UAME) technique of polysaccharides (EAP-UM) by response surface methodology (RSM). The optimum conditions include: solid-liquid ratio of 1:23 g/mL, ultrasonic power of 252 W, microwave power of 417 W, and extraction time of 11 min. Under these conditions, the yield of polysaccharides reached 7.

Characteristic Structure of the Relationships Among Depression, Maladaptive Cognition, and Internet Addiction and Its Temporal Evolution in University Students: A Network Analysis.

This study explored the structure and temporal evolution of the relationship among depression, maladaptive cognition, and internet addiction (DMI) among university students by focusing on topological and dynamic properties in a network analysis. A 3-year longitudinal survey was conducted with 873 university students (M = 18.32, SD = 0.

Mapping the Social Organisation of Neglect in the Case of Fibromyalgia: Using Smith's Sociology for People to Inform a Systems-Focused Literature Review.

Fibromyalgia is a syndrome characterised by persistent unexplained pain and fatigue. People with fibromyalgia report receiving little support to manage symptoms, difficult interactions with healthcare practitioners and stigma associated with this contested condition. In this article, we employ Dorothy E Smith's Sociology for People to undertake a systems-focused literature review from the standpoint of people with fibromyalgia, moving beyond individual subjectivities to map how problems are socially organised.

Lumbar Spine Injuries in Recreational Athletes: A Review.

Back pain that is associated with lumbar spine pathology is a growing issue in the athlete population. As an aging population continues to remain active, it is essential for primary care physicians, general orthopaedic surgeons, and spine surgeons alike to understand the nuances of diagnosis and management in the recreational athlete population. This is a unique population due to the increased importance placed on returning to high levels of activity, but, by definition, they enjoy less resources and financial incentive to optimize their rehabilitation and return to sport compared with professional athletes.

A multi-omics study of the association between insomnia with objective short sleep duration phenotype and high blood pressure.

Study Objectives: Insomnia with objective short sleep duration is associated with increased hypertension risk. We aimed to explore the mechanism underlying the association between objective short sleep duration and hypertension in patients with chronic insomnia disorder (CID) by multi-omics.

Methods: CID was defined according to International Classification of Sleep Disorders-3, and objective short sleep was based on the median value of total sleep time of the overall subjects during an overnight polysomnography.

Measures to Prevent and Control COVID-19 in Skilled Nursing Facilities: A Scoping Review.

Importance: Skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) experienced high mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic, leading them to adopt preventive measures to counteract viral spread. A critical appraisal of these measures is essential to support SNFs in managing future infectious disease outbreaks.

Objective: To perform a scoping review of data and evidence on the use and effectiveness of preventive measures implemented from 2020 to 2024 to prevent COVID-19 infection in SNFs in the US.