Assessment of monocytic-myeloid-derived suppressive cells (M-MDSC) before and after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in acute leukemia patients.

In this monocentric prospective study, the influence on long-term outcomes of peripheral blood levels of monocytic-myeloid-derived suppressive cells (M-MDSC) was investigated in 56 patients with acute leukemia (myeloid  = 47; lymphoid  = 9) before and after (Days+60/+90) allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT). A risk of relapse was found to be associated with a level of pregraft M-MDSC above 1.4% by ROC curve analysis.