ZIC1 is a context-dependent medulloblastoma driver in the rhombic lip.

Transcription factors are frequent cancer driver genes, exhibiting noted specificity based on the precise cell of origin. We demonstrate that ZIC1 exhibits loss-of-function (LOF) somatic events in group 4 (G4) medulloblastoma through recurrent point mutations, subchromosomal deletions and mono-allelic epigenetic repression (60% of G4 medulloblastoma). In contrast, highly similar SHH medulloblastoma exhibits distinct and diametrically opposed gain-of-function mutations and copy number gains (20% of SHH medulloblastoma).

Transient suppression of high-prevalence Kell blood group antigens and concomitant development of a Kell-related antibody that appears to recognize a high-prevalence Kell antigen not previously defined.

A previously healthy 32-year-old male patient was admitted to hospital with malaise, dyspnea, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and leukopenia. Anemia and thrombocytopenia worsened during the third week. Considering the possible need for transfusion, routine ABO and D typing and an antibody detection test were performed.

Real-world use of emicizumab in Chinese children with hemophilia A: Retrospective data from a comprehensive care center.

Importance: Emicizumab (EMI) is efficacious and safe for hemophilia A (HA) prophylaxis. However, its high cost poses a challenge in China.

Objective: To explore the possibility of using reduced-dosage EMI in Chinese HA children.

Elevating Cancer Care Standards Worldwide: An Analysis of Global Initiatives and Progress.

Cancer remains a widespread and significant global health issue, with consequential impacts on individuals, families, and societies across the globe. Although there have been noteworthy advancements in the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and study of cancer, the impact of this disease continues to be significant on health care systems and people worldwide. Furthermore, there are still differences in obtaining the advantages of modern cancer treatment, which can partly be attributed to the lack of standardized standards for providing top-notch cancer care.

Polymorphisms within genes encoding Ikaros family proteins IKZF1 and IKZF3 in multiple myeloma patients treated with thalidomide.

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy characterized by the presence of abnormal plasma cells. It is associated with anemia, bone lesions and renal dysfunction. Immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) are commonly used in MM treatment.

Overview of the etiology of childhood cancer and future directions.

Purpose Of Review: We provide an overview of the etiology of childhood cancer, the state of the literature, and highlight some opportunities for future research, including technological advancements that could be applied to etiologic studies of childhood cancer to accelerate our understanding.

Recent Findings: Risk factors of childhood cancer were summarized based on demographics and perinatal factors, environmental risk factors, and genetic risk factors. Overall, demographics and perinatal factors are the most well studied in relation to childhood cancer.

Association of exposure to second-hand smoke during childhood with blood DNA methylation.

Introduction: By recent estimates, 40% of children worldwide are exposed to second-hand smoke (SHS), which has been associated with adverse health outcomes. While numerous studies have linked maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSDP) to widespread differences in child blood DNA methylation (DNAm), research specifically examining postnatal SHS exposure remains sparse. To address this gap, we conducted epigenome-wide meta-analyses to identify associations of postnatal SHS and child blood DNAm.

Long-Term Outcomes of 5-Fluorouracil-Related Early-Onset Toxicities: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: We aimed to determine whether the occurrence of early-onset toxicities due to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in treatment-naive patients undergoing their first cycle of FOLFOX/FOLFIRINOX was associated with decreased overall survival, increased risk of treatment cessation, and hospitalization.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using patient information from community oncology practices. Patients who received their first dose of 5-FU from 1 January 2015 through 1 August 2023 were included.

Decidualization-associated recruitment of cytotoxic memory CD8T cells to the maternal-fetal interface for immune defense.

Decidual CD8T (dCD8T) cells are pivotal in the maintenance of the delicate balance between immune tolerance towards the fetus and immune resistance against pathogens. The endometrium and decidua represent the uterine environments before and during pregnancy, respectively, yet the composition and phenotypic alterations of uterine CD8T cells in these tissues remain unclear. Using flow cytometry and analysis of transcriptome profiles, we demonstrated that human dCD8T and endometrial CD8T (eCD8T) cells exhibited similar T cell differentiation statuses and phenotypes of tissue infiltrating or residency, compared to peripheral CD8T (pCD8T) cells.

Blinatumomab in Standard-Risk B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children.

Background: B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-cell ALL) is the most common childhood cancer. Despite a high overall cure rate, relapsed B-cell ALL remains a leading cause of cancer-related death among children. The addition of the bispecific T-cell engager molecule blinatumomab (an anti-CD19 and anti-CD3 single-chain molecule) to therapy for newly diagnosed standard-risk (as defined by the National Cancer Institute) B-cell ALL in children may improve outcomes.

Enhancing the Resilience of Bereaved Parents: Practical Experiences and Needs Perceived by Healthcare Professionals.

Aims: To explore the practical experiences and perceived needs of healthcare professionals in fostering resilience among bereaved parents.

Design: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted.

Methods: Twenty-seven healthcare professionals were recruited from the Paediatric Palliative Care Special Group of the Paediatrics Society of the Chinese Medical Association.

EBV and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder: a complex relationship.

Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) are a heterogeneous category of disease entities occurring in the context of iatrogenic immune suppression. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-driven B-cell lymphoproliferation represents the prototype of quintessential PTLD, which includes a range of histologies named nondestructive, polymorphic, and monomorphic EBV+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) PTLD. While EBV is associated with the majority of PTLD cases, other drivers of lymphoid neoplasia and lymphoma transformation can occur-with or without EBV as a codriver-thus underlining its vast heterogeneity.

Accuracy of the model derived from red blood cell indices in predicting α-thalassemia trait among non-anemic pregnant women.

Background: The study aims to establish prediction model derived from red blood cell indices to improve the accuracy of α-thalassemia trait screening in non-anemic pregnant women.

Method: A diagnostic study as secondary analysis on the prospective database was conducted. The participants were pregnant women, undergoing α-thalassemia screening at first visit antenatal care using red blood cell indices with confirmation by PCR method.

The Effect of Pomegranate Peel Extract on the Oxidative and Inflammatory Status in the Spleens of Rats with Metabolic Syndrome.

Polyphenols have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and maintain the immune system in balance; therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the effect of polyphenols present in pomegranate peel extract on the spleens of rats with metabolic syndrome. The study objects were adult male Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF-Leprfa/Crl, fa/fa) rats. The rats were divided into a control group (MetS) consisting of rats with metabolic syndrome and four study groups consisting of rats with metabolic syndrome (MetS + 100 mg and MetS + 200 mg) or healthy animals (H + 100 mg and H + 200 mg) receiving polyphenol extract at a dose of 100 mg or 200 mg/kg, respectively.

Correction: Wang et al. Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Accelerate Leukaemia Development in a Mouse Model. 2024, , 646.

At the request of the authors, Haiyan Xu has been removed from the original publication [...

Sonographic Assessment of Splenic Manifestations in Sickle Cell Disease Patients and Its Relation to Hematological Parameters: A Cross-Sectional Study in Basra, Iraq.

Background Hemoglobinopathies, such as sickle cell disease (SCD), are inherited disorders of hemoglobin (Hb) synthesis. SCD presents with complex clinical manifestations, including anemia, painful episodes, and organ damage due to recurrent vaso-occlusion. The spleen is one of the first organs affected in SCD patients, with hyposplenism typically occurring by age five.

Targeting P-selectin and interleukin-1β in mice with sickle cell disease: effects on vaso-occlusion, liver injury and organ iron deposition.

Continuous vaso-occlusive and inflammatory processes cause extensive end-organ damage in adults with sickle cell disease (SCD), and there is little evidence that longterm hydroxyurea therapy prevents this. In initial trials, P-selectin blockade with crizanlizumab reduced SCD vaso-occlusive crisis frequency, and interleukin (IL)-1β inhibition in SCD patients, using canakinumab, lowered inflammatory markers. We used murine SCD models to examine the effects of acute and chronic blockade of Pselectin and of IL-1β on vaso-occlusive events, their inflammatory profile and organ health.

Radiotherapy as a metastasis directed therapy for liver oligometastases - comparative analysis between CT-guided interstitial HDR brachytherapy and two SBRT modalities performed on double-layer and single layer LINACs.

Introduction: Surgical resection is gold standard for treatment of liver metastasis, locally ablative techniques including computer tomography (CT)-guided interstitial high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy (CT-BRT) and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) have gained prominence as alternatives, offering comparable outcomes in selected patients. We aim to compare CT-BRT and SBRT - based on dosimetric analysis.

Material And Methods: Patients who underwent CT-BRT for oligometastatic, ≤4cm liver metastases between 2018 and 2024 were eligible.