Reduced mitochondrial resilience enables non-canonical induction of apoptosis after TNF receptor signaling in virus-infected hepatocytes.

Background & Aims: Selective elimination of virus-infected hepatocytes occurs through virus-specific CD8 T cells recognizing peptide-loaded MHC molecules. Herein, we report that virus-infected hepatocytes are also selectively eliminated through a cell-autonomous mechanism.

Methods: We generated recombinant adenoviruses and genetically modified mouse models to identify the molecular mechanisms determining TNF-induced hepatocyte apoptosis in vivo and used in vivo bioluminescence imaging, immunohistochemistry, immunoblot analysis, RNAseq/proteome/phosphoproteome analyses, bioinformatic analyses, mitochondrial function tests.

Comparison of smoking-related DNA methylation between newborns from prenatal exposure and adults from personal smoking.

Cigarette smoking influences DNA methylation genome wide, in newborns from pregnancy exposure and in adults from personal smoking. Whether a unique methylation signature exists for exposure in newborns is unknown. We separately meta-analyzed newborn blood DNA methylation (assessed using Illumina450k Beadchip), in relation to sustained maternal smoking during pregnancy (9 cohorts, 5648 newborns, 897 exposed) and adult blood methylation and personal smoking (16 cohorts, 15907 participants, 2433 current smokers).

Selenium and iodine in diabetes mellitus with a focus on the interplay and speciation of the elements.

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease caused by insulin deficiency (type I) or dysfunction (type II). Diabetes is a threatening public health concern. It is considered as one of the priority non-communicable diseases, due to its high and increasing incidence, the associated healthcare costs, and threatening medical complications.

Immunospot assay based on fluorescent nanoparticles for Dengue fever detection.

Dengue fever is one of the most neglected tropical diseases and of highest international public health importance, with 50 million cases worldwide every year. Early detection can decrease mortality rates from more than 20% to less than 1% and the relevant early diagnosis analyte is the viral non-structural glycoprotein, NS1. Currently, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is the method of choice to detect NS1.

Predictive modeling of health care costs: do cardiovascular risk markers improve prediction?

Background: To investigate the ability of multiple cardiovascular disease (CVD) markers to predict future health care costs. CVD markers included traditional risk factors (smoking status, body mass index, waist circumference, alcohol intake, diabetes, total : high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, actual hypertension, physical activity) and newer markers (carotid intima-media thickness, hemoglobin A1c, apolipoprotein B : apolipoprotein A-1 ratio, lipoprotein (a), leukocyte count, high-sensitive C-reactive protein, plasma fibrinogen, estimated glomerular filtration rate, urinary albumin : creatinine ratio).

Design And Methods: The study sample consisted of 2233 participants without history of myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, and angina pectoris at baseline (50.