Risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage following cesarean delivery.

Objective: To identify risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) following cesarean delivery (CD).

Methods: A retrospective study of all women who underwent CD in a university-affiliated tertiary hospital (2014-15). PPH was defined as any of the following: clinical PPH (≥1000 ml estimated blood loss), hemoglobin (Hb) drop ≥3 g/dl (the difference between pre-CD Hb level within a 24 h prior to the delivery) and post-CD (nadir level during the first 72 h after CD)) or the need for blood products transfusion.

Abnormal nuchal translucency followed by normal microarray analysis is associated with placental pathology-related complications.

Objective: Identify placental pathology-related complications, labor and neonatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by pathological nuchal translucency (NT) with normal microarray analysis.

Methods: A retrospective study in which all women with singleton pregnancy who demonstrated NT above 3 mm and a normal microarray analysis were matched to women with normal NT and a normal microarray analysis (2013-2019) in a single tertiary academic center. The following placental pathology-related parameters were measured: preeclampsia, oligohydramnios, suspected intrauterine growth restriction, abnormal Doppler studies or small for gestational age (SGA) neonates.

Frozen-thawed embryo transfer is an independent risk factor for third stage of labor complications.

Purpose: Third stage of labor complications are more prevalent following singleton vaginal deliveries of gestations conceived through in vitro fertilization (IVF) and fresh embryo transfer. This study aimed to evaluate these complications in pregnancies conceived through frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET), in which endometrial preparation differs from fresh cycles.

Methods: A cohort study of all singleton pregnancies conceived through IVF-FET who delivered vaginally at a tertiary medical center during 2007-2017.

The Risk of Preterm Birth in Women with Three Consecutive Deliveries-The Effect of Number and Type of Prior Preterm Births.

We aimed to explore the association of the number, order, gestational age and type of prior PTB and the risk of preterm birth (PTB) in the third delivery in women who had three consecutive singleton deliveries. A retrospective cohort study of all women who had three consecutive singleton births at a single medical center over a 20-year period (1994-2013). The primary outcome was PTB (<37 weeks) in the third delivery.

The association of attachment style, postpartum PTSD and depression with bonding- A longitudinal path analysis model, from childbirth to six months.

Background: There is substantial evidence that postpartum depression (PPD) is associated with a poor mother-infant bond, however, fewer studies have examined the role of other postpartum psychopathologies such as birth-related PTSD or relevant trait variables such as adult attachment styles in the quality of the mother-infant bond.

Methods: 210 postpartum women were sampled in a maternity ward of a tertiary health care center. Participants completed questionnaires at three-time points.

The associations between insecure attachment, rooming-in, and postpartum depression: A 2 months' longitudinal study.

Postpartum depression (PPD) is the most common complication of childbearing, and recent studies have attempted to examine risk factors associated with it. The main study hypothesis was that a protective situational factor at a sensitive time period (full rooming-in postpartum) would moderate the associations between insecure attachment dimensions and PPD. Three hundred twelve women, in either full or partial rooming-in, participated in a longitudinal study at the maternity ward of a tertiary healthcare center.

Robotic vs. open surgery in obese women with low-grade endometrial cancer: comparison of costs and quality of life measures.

Background: This retrospective study compared perioperative measures, costs, quality of life and survival after open vs. robotic surgery, among obese women diagnosed with low-grade endometrial cancer.

Methods: Obese women (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30) who underwent open or robotic surgery for endometrial cancer, in one of two tertiary medical centers in the center of Israel, 2013-2016, postoperative grade 1-2, were included.

[NEONATAL SKIN MANIFESTATION OF LANGERHANS CELL HISTIOCYTOSIS].

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is rare during the newborn period. The term is used to describe a disorder characterized by infiltration of Langerhans cells into various organs. Langerhans cells are derived from the bone marrow, and are a type of dendritic cells found primarily in the epidermis.

A matched propensity score study of embryo morphokinetics following gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist versus human chorionic gonadotropin trigger.

Purpose: To compare morphokinetic parameters and quality of embryos derived from GnRH antagonist ICSI cycles triggered either with GnRH agonist or standard hCG between matched groups of patients.

Methods: Morphokinetic parameters of embryos derived from matched first GnRH antagonist ICSI cycles triggered by GnRH agonist or standard hCG between 2013 and 2016 were compared. Matching was performed for maternal age, peak estradiol levels, and number of oocytes retrieved.

Risk factors associated with adverse fetal outcomes in pregnancies affected by Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a secondary analysis of the WAPM study on COVID-19.

Objectives To evaluate the strength of association between maternal and pregnancy characteristics and the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes in pregnancies with laboratory confirmed COVID-19. Methods Secondary analysis of a multinational, cohort study on all consecutive pregnant women with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from February 1, 2020 to April 30, 2020 from 73 centers from 22 different countries. A confirmed case of COVID-19 was defined as a positive result on real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) assay of nasal and pharyngeal swab specimens.

Short and thick corpus callosum - the thin border between a minor anatomical variant to very poor outcome.

The corpus callosum (CC) is the largest commissure connecting the cerebral hemispheres. Its components are recognized sonographically at 18-20 GW and from that point forward, its growth can be assessed using nomograms for CC length and thickness according to gestational week. Prenatal diagnosis of agenesis of the CC has been reported comprehensively.

First trimester biomarkers for prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus.

Purpose: To develop a first trimester prediction model for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) using obesity, placental, and inflammatory biomarkers.

Methods: We used a first trimester dataset of the ASPRE study to evaluate clinical and biochemical biomarkers. All biomarkers levels (except insulin) were transformed to gestational week-specific medians (MoMs), adjusted for maternal body mass index (BMI), maternal age, and parity.

Valaciclovir to prevent vertical transmission of cytomegalovirus after maternal primary infection during pregnancy: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Cytomegalovirus is a common congenital infection, with high morbidity after an early primary maternal infection. No effective means exist to prevent viral transmission to the fetus. We aimed to investigate whether valaciclovir can prevent vertical transmission of cytomegalovirus to the fetus in pregnant women with a primary infection acquired early in pregnancy.

Fluorescence-guided management of deep endometriosis.

Objective: To demonstrate the advantages of the fluorescence-guided surgery using indocyanine green (ICG) in the management of deep endometriotic nodules toward more complete and safe excision of the disease in cases when rectal shaving is performed.

Design: Surgical video demonstrating the result of the application of a fluorescent dye (ICG) during deep endometriosis surgery. The local institutional review board was consulted and ruled that approval was not required for this video article because the video describes a technique and the patient cannot be identified.

Characterization of women with gestational diabetes who failed to achieve glycemic control by lifestyle modifications.

Purpose: To identify specific characteristics of women diagnosed with gestational diabetes who failed to achieve good glycemic control by lifestyle modifications only.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of women carrying a singleton pregnancy diagnosed with gestational diabetes. The cohort included 314 women who achieved good glycemic control by lifestyle modifications and 328 women who required anti-diabetic medications.

Significant deviations in sonographic fetal weight estimation: causes and implications.

Purpose: To allocate parameters associated with significant deviations in sonographic estimated fetal weight (EFW) and evaluate labor outcomes in such circumstances.

Methods: Retrospective case-control study of women with a singleton gestation who underwent sonographic EFW within a week prior to delivery in a single tertiary university-affiliated medical center (2012-2018). The study group was comprised of 177 pregnancies in which sonographic EFW was at least ± 20% of actual birth weight, matched to 354 pregnancies with an accuracy of ± 1% of sonographic EFW to actual birth weight.

[ACTIVE AND SECONDHAND (PASSIVE) SMOKING DURING PREGNANCY].

Quite a few people of both genders are still smoking today, although their number is decreasing in the developed countries. In Israel, people who smoke constitute 22% of the adult population and the ratio between male and female smokers is 4:1. Jewish women smoke 1.

Epidural/spinal anesthesia during delivery in women with factor XI deficiency, a single center experience.

Introduction: The safety of neuro-axial anaesthesia (epidural/spinal) at labour of women with partial factor XI (FXI) deficiency is uncertain. Although FXI deficiency is frequent in Ashkenazi Jews, it is not routinely measured before labour. Our institute serves a large Ashkenazi population.

Elevated galectin-3 in women with gestational diabetes mellitus, a new surrogate for cardiovascular disease in women.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with future cardiovascular morbidity and recognized as a women-specific risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The mechanisms for this association are not well established. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the cardiovascular-related biomarkers, galectin-3 (Gal-3) and protein convertase subtilisin/kexin (PCSK) type 9, in women with GDM.

Fetal extraction maneuvers during cesarean delivery in the second stage of labor.

Objective: To compare maternal and neonatal outcomes following cesarean delivery during second stage of labor, according to the fetal extraction method.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of all women who underwent term cesarean delivery during the second stage of labor at a university-affiliated tertiary medical center (2012-2016). The cohort was divided according to three extraction methods: standard vertex extraction, the push method in which the head extraction is accompanied by pushing through the vagina, and the reverse breech extraction method.

The entire range of trigger-day endometrial thickness in fresh IVF cycles is independently correlated with live birth rate.

Research Question: What is the association of the entire range of trigger-day endometrial thickness (EMT) with live birth rate (LBR) after IVF and fresh embryo transfer? Although EMT is amenable to convenient non-invasive routine measurement, studies of the association between pre-trigger EMT and assisted reproductive technology outcome have yielded equivocal results.

Design: A cohort of IVF fresh day-3 embryo transfers in patients aged 42 years and younger in a single centre between 2009 and 2017. The LBR was calculated for all trigger-day EMT values, stratified into five groups overall and within subgroups of patient age and ovarian response.

False diagnosis of small for gestational age and macrosomia - clinical and sonographic predictors.

Purpose: To investigate clinical and sonographic features associated with sonographic accuracy for the prediction of small for gestational age (SGA) and macrosomia at birth.

Methods: The database of a tertiary medical center was retrospectively searched for women who gave birth at term to a singleton healthy neonate in 2007-2014 and underwent sonographic estimated fetal weight (sEFW) evaluation within 3 d before delivery. Fetal growth restriction (FGR) and SGA were defined as sEFW or birth weight <10th percentile for gestational age; macrosomia was defined as birth weight >4000 grams.

Randomized Trials of Retosiban Versus Placebo or Atosiban in Spontaneous Preterm Labor.

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of retosiban in spontaneous preterm labor (sPTL).

Study Design: Two multicenter, randomized, and double-blind trials compared retosiban with placebo and retosiban with atosiban in women with a singleton pregnancy and intact membranes in sPTL at 24 to 33 weeks' gestation. Coprimary endpoints in the placebo-controlled trial were time to delivery (TTD) or treatment failure (whichever occurred first) and neonatal composite morbidity and mortality.

The association between treatment parameters on the day of gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist initiation during a flexible protocol and oocyte maturation rate.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different treatment parameters on the day of GnRH antagonist initiation on oocyte maturation rate. We performed a retrospective cohort study of women aged ≤ 38 who underwent their first IVF-ICSI treatment using a flexible GnRH antagonist protocol in a single university-affiliated medical center during 2005-2015. Treatment parameters of three groups of oocyte maturation rates (<60%, 60-90%,>90%) were compared.