RETRACTED: Bullous pemphigoid: associations and management guidelines: facts and controversies.

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Bullous pemphigoid: etiology, pathogenesis, and inducing factors: facts and controversies.

The term pemphigoids includes a group of autoimmune bullous diseases characterized by subepidermal blistering. Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is not only the most common disorder within the pemphigoid group, but also represents the most frequent autoimmune blistering disease in general. The onset and course of BP depend on a variable interaction between predisposing and inducing factors.

Pemphigus: associations and management guidelines: facts and controversies.

Pemphigus, a prototypical organ-specific human autoimmune disease, may be associated with other immunity-related disorders, viral infections, and different types of tumors. Coexistence with immune diseases is fairly frequent and, for some of them (eg, myasthenia gravis, Basedow's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, or lupus erythematosus), common pathogenic mechanisms can be considered. The association with viral infections (mainly herpesvirus infections) raises the question of whether the virus triggers the outbreak of the disease or simply complicates its clinical course.

Pemphigus: etiology, pathogenesis, and inducing or triggering factors: facts and controversies.

Pemphigus includes a group of autoimmune bullous diseases with intraepithelial lesions involving the skin and Malpighian mucous membranes. Pemphigus vulgaris (PV), the most frequent and representative form of the group, is a prototypical organ-specific human autoimmune disorder with a poor prognosis in the absence of medical treatment. The pathomechanism of PV hinges on autoantibodies damaging cell-cell cohesion and leading to cell-cell detachment (acantholysis) of the epidermis and Malpighian mucosae (mainly oral mucosa).

Contraceptive use, birth spacing, and autonomy: an analysis of the Oportunidades program in rural Mexico.

Oportunidades, a conditional cash-transfer program instituted in Mexico in 1997, provides cash incentives to mothers to invest in the health and education of family members. Drawing from data gathered by Mexico's National Institute of Public Health, this study assesses the effect of the program on contraceptive use and birth spacing among titulares (female household heads) living in rural areas during the experimental period, 1998-2000, and during 2000-03, after incorporation of the control group. In 2000, titulares were more likely to use modern contraceptives than were women in the control group, although by 2003 all beneficiaries had the same probability of use.

Outcome of head and other injuries among Israeli children: physical limitations and stress symptoms.

Background: Head injuries, especially in young children, are frequent and may cause long-lasting impairments.

Objectives: To investigate the outcome of head and other injuries caused by diverse mechanisms and of varied severity.

Methods: The study population consisted of Jews and Arabs (n=792), aged 0-17 years old, hospitalized for injuries in six hospitals in Israel.

Identification and characterization of cis-acting elements in the human and bovine PTH mRNA 3'-untranslated region.

Unlabelled: The human PTH mRNA 3'-UTR has a cis element homologous to the rat cis-acting instability element and a more proximal element identical to the single binding element identified in bovine PTH mRNA 3'-UTR. The function of the elements was shown in vitro.

Introduction: In the rat, Ca(2+) and phosphate regulate PTH mRNA stability by the interaction of trans-acting proteins with a defined cis-acting instability element in the distal region of the PTH mRNA 3'-untranslated region (UTR).

Cardiac troponin after major vascular surgery: the role of perioperative ischemia, preoperative thallium scanning, and coronary revascularization.

Objectives: We sought to determine the role of preoperative predictors, particularly ischemia, on preoperative thallium scanning (PTS) and coronary revascularization on low-level and conventional troponin elevations after major vascular surgery.

Background: Postoperative cardiac troponin (cTn) elevations have recently been shown to predict both short- and long-term mortality after vascular surgery.

Methods: The perioperative data, including PTS and subsequent coronary revascularization, continuous perioperative 12-lead ST-segment trend monitoring, cTn-I and/or cTn-T, and creatine kinase-MB fraction in the first three postoperative days, were prospectively collected in 501 consecutive elective major vascular procedures.

Sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with low quality of life one year after coronary bypass operations: the Israeli coronary artery bypass study (ISCAB).

Objectives: We sought to examine the effect of sociodemographic characteristics and perioperative clinical factors 1 year after coronary bypass operations on low health-related quality of life. We also sought to assess the usefulness of an additional single question on overall health for identifying patients with low health-related quality of life.

Methods: This report is part of the Israeli coronary artery bypass study of 1994, in which every patient undergoing isolated coronary bypass grafting in Israel was included.

The outcome of grand-multiparous pregnancies of Arabic and Jewish populations in peripheral and central areas of Israel.

Objective: To compare the antepartum and intrapartum course of Jewish and Arab great-grandmultiparas from central and peripheral areas in Israel to age-matched control multiparous women.

Methods: Medical records of four groups of parturients were compared: great-grandmultiparas (para > or = 9) and multiparae (para 2-5) delivering at Nazareth E.M.